ANALOG CIRCUITS – II
( Common to ECE and VLSI )
Course Code : 24EC411 Course Type: Integrated
Teaching Periods/Week (L: T:P): 2:1:2 Credits: 4
Total Teaching Periods: 75 IAT + ESE 50+50
Marks:
Teaching Department: ECE
Prerequisite
Course Objectives:
To impart knowledge on
1. Principles and characteristics of ideal and practical operational amplifiers.
2. Linear and non-linear op-amp based circuits for analog signal processing.
3. Operation of waveform generation circuits using op-amps and transistors.
4. Operation and applications of special purpose ICs such as 555 timer and PLL.
5. Voltage regulators and data converters (ADC & DAC) used in electronic systems.
UNIT 1 Operational Amplifier and its Characteristics 15 Periods
Introduction – Basic information of OP-AMP – Ideal OP-AMP - Open loop operation – feedback in
ideal OP-AMP – Inverting amplifier – Non-inverting amplifier – Voltage follower – Differential
amplifier – difference mode and common mode gains – common mode rejection ratio – OP-AMP
Internal circuit – Transfer characteristics – low frequency small signal analysis of differential amplifiers
– Circuit for improving CMRR – Input resistance – Active load – level translator – output stage - Op-
Amp – DC Characteristics – input bias current – input offset current – input offset voltage – total output
offset voltage- Thermal drift – AC Characteristics – frequency response – stability – Frequency
compensation – slew rate – Simple Problems
Practicals:
1. Design and testing of Inverting and Non Inverting Amplifier
2. Measurements of AC and DC Characteristics of Op - Amp.
3. Design, test and obtain the frequency response of Voltage follower and Differential Amplifier
Pedagogy: Lecture, Peer Learning.
Teaching-Learning Process
RBT Level: Theory: L1,L2,L3 Practical: L4
UNIT 2 Applications of Operational Amplifier 17 Periods
Introduction – Basic Op-Amp Applications – Scale Changer / Inverter – Adder and Subtractor –
Inverting and Non – Inverting AC Amplifier – V to I And I to V Convertor – Rectifier – Peak
Detector – Clipper – Clamper – Sample and Hold Circuit – Integrator – Differentiator - Instrumentation
Amplifier – Comparator – zero crossing Detector – Window detector – Analog Multipliers and its
applications - Simple Problems.
Practicals:
1. Design, test and obtain the frequency of Integrator, Differentiator.
2. Design and test the FWR Rectifier with and Without filters
3. Design and test V / I and I / V Converter, Clipper, Clamper, Sample and Hold Circuits
4. Applications of Instrumentation Amplifier.
5. Multiplier and Comparator.
Teaching-Learning Pedagogy: Lecture, NPTEL videos.
Process RBT Level: Theory: L1,L2,L3 Practical: L4
UNIT 3 Waveform Generators and Active Filters 17 Periods
Wave form generators - Regenerative comparator ( Schmitt trigger ) – Square wave generator ( Astable
Multivibrator ) – Monostable Multivibrator – Triangular Wave generator - Basic principles of sine wave
oscillations – Barkhausen criterion - RC Phase shift oscillators - Wien bridge oscillator –Hartley and
Colpits Oscillator – Crystal Oscillator Function generator – RC Active filters ( LPF, HPF, BPF and BSF
) - State variable filter – Switched capacitor filters – Simple Problems
Practicals :
1. Design ,test and frequency
Teaching-Learning response
Pedagogy: of Active
Lecture, filters (LPF,
PPT, YouTube HPF, BPF and BSF )
videos.
Process RBT Level: Theory:L1,L2,L3 Practical: L4
UNIT 4 Special Function ICs 13 Periods
Introduction – Description and functional Diagram IC 555 Timer – Monostable operation and its
applications – Astable operation and its application – Introduction to PLL – Basic principles of PLL -
Phase detector / comparator – Analog and digital phase detector – Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO )
–– Derivation of lock in range – derivation of capture range – PLL Applications – Frequency
multiplication/division – Frequency translation – AM Detection – FM Demodulation – Frequency Shift
Keying ( FSK) –- Simple Problems
Practicals:
1. Design and testing of Voltage Controlled Oscillator using PLL IC.
2. Design and Testing of Frequency multiplier and Frequency Synthesizer.
3. Design and testing of Waveform generator
Teaching-Learning Pedagogy: PPT, YouTube videos
Process RBT Level: Theory:L1,L2,L3 Practical: L4
UNIT 5 Voltage Regulators and Data Convertors 13 Periods
Introduction – Series Op Amp Regulator- IC Voltage Regulators – Fixed Voltage series Regulator –
Line / Input regulation – Load Regulations – Ripple Rejection – Fixed Regulator used as Adjustable
Regulator – Dual Voltage supply – 723 General purpose regulator – Current Limit Protection – Current
Foldback – Current Boosting – Switching Regulator - V /F and F / V Converter - Basic DAC
Techniques – Weighted Resistor DAC – R-2R Ladder DAC – Inverted R-2R Ladder – Multiplying
DACs – Monolithic DAC – A / D Converters - Direct Type ADCs – The parallel Comparator (Flash )
A / D Converter – The counter type A / D Converter – Servo tracking A/D Converter – Successive
Approximation Converter – Integrating Type of ADCs – Charge Balancing ADC – Dual- slope ADC –
DAC/ADC Specifications – Simple Problems .
Practicals:
1. Design and testing of Digital to Analog converter and Analog to Digital converters.
2. Design and testing of IC Voltage regulator.
Teaching-Learning Pedagogy: PPT, YouTube videos
Process RBT Level: Theory:L1,L2,L3 Practical: L4
Total 75 Periods
Suggested Activities and Evaluation Methods:
Gate questions , Tutorial , Mini project, Practicing in the lab
Based on performance
Course Outcomes:
After successful completion of this course, the students should be able to
CO1: Explain the characteristics of Ideal and Practical Op Amp.
CO2: Describe linear and Non-Linear analog circuits using Op Amp.
CO3:. Analyze and design active filters based on given specifications.
CO4:, Explain the working of special purpose ICs and design circuits for real-time applications.
CO5:. Analyze voltage regulators and different types of DAC and ADC circuits with specifications.
Text Books:
T1 Roy Choudhury, Shail B Jain, “Linear Integrated Circuits” , New age International Private Ltd.,4th
Edition, 2017.
T2 Ramakant A. Gayakwad, “Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits”,| Fourth Edition, Pearson,2021.
References
R1 Brijesh Iyer, “Basic of Electronics”, All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), 2023.
R2 G K Mithal, “Electronic Devices and Circuits”, Khanna Publishers, 23rd Edition, 2017.
Web links and Video Lectures (e-Resources):
1. [Link]
2. [Link]
3. [Link]
4. [Link]
CO-PO & PSO Mapping:
PO PO PO P PO PO PO P PO PO PO PO PSO PSO PSO
CO
1 2 3 O4 5 6 7 O8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
1 3 2 - - - - - - - - - - 2 1 -
2 2 3 3 - - - - - - - - 3 2 -
3 2 3 2 2 - - - - - - - - 3 2 1
4 2 2 3 2 - - - - - - - - 2 3 1
5 2 3 2 2 - - - - - - - - 3 2 2
AVG 2.2 2.6 2.4 1.6 - - - - - - - - 2.6 2 0.8
1 – ‘Low’, 2 – ‘Medium’, 3- ‘High’, ‘-‘ – No correlation
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