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SST Chapter 2

The biosphere is the zone of life on Earth, encompassing all living organisms on land, in water, and in the air. Freshwater sources include rivers, lakes, ponds, and groundwater. Cyclones are powerful storms that can cause significant damage when they move from ocean to land, while islands are smaller land masses formed by volcanic activity or coral growth, in contrast to continents which are much larger and formed by tectonic processes.

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3 views2 pages

SST Chapter 2

The biosphere is the zone of life on Earth, encompassing all living organisms on land, in water, and in the air. Freshwater sources include rivers, lakes, ponds, and groundwater. Cyclones are powerful storms that can cause significant damage when they move from ocean to land, while islands are smaller land masses formed by volcanic activity or coral growth, in contrast to continents which are much larger and formed by tectonic processes.

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Roopika S
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Chapter 2 – Oceans and Continents

F. Answer the following

1. Define biosphere. What does the biosphere include?


 The biosphere is the narrow contact zone between the other domains of
the earth.
 Bio means “Life” and this is the domain where all life on the earth exists.
 It includes all living things on land, in water and in the air.

2. List two sources of fresh water on the earth


It is found river, lakes, ponds and in the form of ground water

3. What are cyclones? How do they affect life on land?


 Cyclones are strong storms with fast winds that spin around a centre
 They form over warm ocean water, where the heat from the water
gives them power
 When cyclone moves from ocean to land, they can cause heavy rain,
flooding, and strong winds
 These winds can damage buildings, uproot the tree and knock down
the power lines

4. How are Islands different from continents

Island continents
Islands are smaller land masses Continents are very large land
surrounded by water masses that are bigger than Islands.
They are also surrounded by water,
but they cover much larger area
Formed by volcanic activity, coral Formed by tectonic plates and
growth or breaking away from ancient geological process
larger land masses
Ex: Andaman and Nicobar Island Ex: Asia
F. Answer the following in Detail

1. The variety of marine life is as diverse as the range of plants and animals
found on land. Justify this statement.
 The oceans are home to a wide variety of life just like on land
 Marine life is very diverse from tiny micro-organisms to huge whales
 Marine Flora includes phytoplankton, algae, sea weed and other under
water plants like seagrasses
 Marine Fauna include zooplankton, whales, sea turtles, dolphins, sharks,
colourful fish and coral reefs. As we go deeper into the ocean marine life
changes.
 Near the surface there are plants like seaweed that need sunlight to
survive
 Deeper in the ocean, animals like lantern fish can make their own light.
In the deepest parts to strange creatures like giant squid-and angler fish
live in complete darkness.
 This shows that marine is as diverse as on land

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