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Motion Class 9 Notes Science Chapter 8

The document provides an overview of motion concepts in physics, including definitions of distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It distinguishes between uniform and non-uniform motion and explains how to calculate average speed and average velocity. Additionally, it introduces graphical representations of motion and uniform circular motion.

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7 views6 pages

Motion Class 9 Notes Science Chapter 8

The document provides an overview of motion concepts in physics, including definitions of distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It distinguishes between uniform and non-uniform motion and explains how to calculate average speed and average velocity. Additionally, it introduces graphical representations of motion and uniform circular motion.

Uploaded by

sushmitsalvekar
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Motion Class 9 Notes Science

Chapter 8
Facts that Matter

An object is said to be in motion when its position changes with time.

We describe the location of an object by specifying a reference point. Motion is relative.


The total path covered by an object is said to be the distance travelled by it.

Distance – The total path covered by an object is said to be the distance travelled by it.
It is a scaler quantity.

Displacement – The shortest path/distance measured from the initial to the final
position of an object is known as the displacement. It is a vector quantity.

Speed – The distance travelled by an object in unit time is referred to as speed. It is a


scaler quantity. Its unit is m/s.

Velocity – Velocity is the speed of an object moving in a definite direction, i.e. velocity
of an object is displacement per unit time. It is a vector quantity. Its S.I. unit is m/s.

Acceleration – It is rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time. It is


a vector quantity. Its S.I. unit is m/s2

Uniform motion: When an object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, it is
said to be in uniform motion.

Non-uniform motion: Motions where objects cover unequal distances in equal intervals
of time.

Average speed: For non-uniform motion, the average speed of an object is obtained by
dividing the total distance travelled by an object by the total time taken.
Velocity: Velocity is the speed of an object moving in a definite direction. S.I. unit is
m/s.

Acceleration: Change in the velocity of an object per unit time.

Example- A Train moving from point A to B with a speed 40Km/hr and return back
from B to A with a speed of 50Km/hr What will the average speed and average velocity
for the whole travel.

Solution- Let the distance from A to B be x Km


x
then time taken for travel from A to B will be hrs

x
Similarly, then time taken for travel from B to A will be hrs

x x 9x
Total time taken for complete travel = + = hrs

Total distance travelled is x+x =2x

2x 400
Average speed = 9x = = 44.44 Kmph

Average velocity = 0 since displacement is zero.


Graphical representation of motions

(i) Distance-time graph


For a distance-time graph, time is taken on x-axis and distance is taken on the
y-axis.
[Note: All independent quantities are taken along the x-axis and dependent
quantities are taken along the y-axis.]

(ii) Velocity-time graph


Equation of motion by graphical methods

(i)velocity-time relation:
(ii) The equation for position-time relation:
(iii) Equation for position-velocity relation:

Uniform circular motion: When a body moves in a circular path with uniform speed, its
motion is called uniform circular motion.

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