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Module 1

The document discusses various coordinate systems, including orthogonal and non-orthogonal systems, and emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate system for solving problems in electromagnetism. It details Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical coordinate systems, including their definitions, transformations, and relationships between them. Additionally, it provides examples of converting points and vectors between these systems and outlines differential elements in each coordinate system.

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6 views18 pages

Module 1

The document discusses various coordinate systems, including orthogonal and non-orthogonal systems, and emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate system for solving problems in electromagnetism. It details Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical coordinate systems, including their definitions, transformations, and relationships between them. Additionally, it provides examples of converting points and vectors between these systems and outlines differential elements in each coordinate system.

Uploaded by

iamtanishakayal
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Co-ordinate System A point or vector can be represented in any curvilinear coordinate system, which may be orthogonal or non-orthogonal. An orthogonal system is one in which the coordinates arc mutually perpendicular. Non-orthogonal systems are hard to work with and they are of little or no practical use. Examples of orthogonal coordinate systems include the Cartesian (or rectangular), the circular cylindrical, the spherical, the elliptic cylindrical, the parabolic cylindrical, the conical, the prolate spheroidal, the oblate spheroidal, and the ellipsoidal. A considerable amount of work and time may be saved by choosing a coordinate system that best fits a given problem. A hard problem in one coordinate system ‘may turn out to be easy in another system In general, the physical quantities we shall be dealing with in EM are finetion of space and time. In order o describe the special variations of the quantities, we must be able to define all points uniquely in space in a suitable manner. This requires use of an appropriate co-ordinate system. Cartesian Co-ordinate System (x, y, z) t 1 1X7 constant T 1 1 A point P can be represented as (x, y, 5) as illustrated in the figure. The ranges of the coordinate variables x, », and = are Ad -O B(S,x/ 2,0) €(0.5.10) > €(5,2/2,10) (5.0.10) > D(5,0°,10) (a) Along BC, dl =dz ; hence BC = fal= Jaz = 10 (b) Along CD, dl=pd: hence CD=f pdo = 59[? = 2.50 (© ForABCD, ds pdgdz ;hence area ABCD J i palodz = if d i z= 250 nome = (@) For ABO, ds=paddpshence area ABO= ff paipdp i of dp=6.25n 0 Fop=0 (©) For AOFD, ds = dpdz ; hence area AOFD. =J J dpdz = 50 ew-f ff 020 (© For Volume ABDCFO, dv = pdgdpdz ; henée volume ABDCFO = D0.10) J pthc = [orf af €@s10)

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