Comprehensive Let Review Program (CRP)

Major-ship Examination.

Name; Rodel A, Axalan

Year/Course; IV- BSED- MATH.

I. Algebra and Linear Algebra

1. Which of the following matrices is singular?

A. [1001]\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}[1001]
B. [2346]\begin{bmatrix} 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 6 \end{bmatrix}[2436]
C. [01−10]\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}[0−110]
D. [1234]\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{bmatrix}[1324]
✅ Answer: B

02(6)−3(4)=12−12=0; zero determinant ⇒ singular.

💡 Rationale: Determinant = 2(6)−3(4)=12−12=02(6) - 3(4) = 12 - 12 =

2. If AAA and BBB are invertible matrices, then (AB)−1=(AB)^{-1} =(AB)−1=

A. A−1B−1A^{-1}B^{-1}A−1B−1
B. B−1A−1B^{-1}A^{-1}B−1A−1
C. −(A−1B−1)-(A^{-1}B^{-1})−(A−1B−1)
D. B−1+A−1B^{-1} + A^{-1}B−1+A−1
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: Inverse of product reverses order.
3. The eigenvalues of [4123]\begin{bmatrix} 4 & 1 \\ 2 & 3 \end{bmatrix}[4213] are
A. 5, 2
B. 4, 3
C. 6, 1
D. 7, 0

💡 Rationale: Characteristic eqn: ∣A−λI∣=(4−λ)(3−λ)−2=0⇒λ2−7λ+10=0|A - \lambda I| =

✅ Answer: A

(4 - \lambda)(3 - \lambda) - 2 = 0 \Rightarrow \lambda^2 - 7\lambda + 10 =

0∣A−λI∣=(4−λ)(3−λ)−2=0⇒λ2−7λ+10=0.
 4. Which of the following is not a vector space over ℝ?
A. All 2×2 matrices
B. Set of all positive real numbers
C. Set of all real-valued functions
D. ℝ³

💡 Rationale: Not closed under addition (1 + 2 = 3 ∈ positive, but -1 not allowed).

✅ Answer: B

5. The rank of matrix [123246369]\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 2 & 4 & 6 \\ 3 & 6 & 9 \
end{bmatrix}123246369 is
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 0
✅ Answer: A
💡 Rationale: All rows are scalar multiples of the first.

II. Calculus

6. The derivative of y=e3xsin⁡xy = e^{3x}\sin xy=e3xsinx is

A. e3x(3sin⁡x+cos⁡x)e^{3x}(3\sin x + \cos x)e3x(3sinx+cosx)
B. e3x(3cos⁡x+sin⁡x)e^{3x}(3\cos x + \sin x)e3x(3cosx+sinx)
C. e3x(3sin⁡x−cos⁡x)e^{3x}(3\sin x - \cos x)e3x(3sinx−cosx)
D. 3e3xsin⁡x3e^{3x}\sin x3e3xsinx
✅ Answer: A
💡 Rationale: Product rule + chain rule.
7. The limit lim⁡x→0sin⁡2xx\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin 2x}{x}limx→0xsin2x equals
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. ∞
✅ Answer: C
💡 Rationale: lim⁡x→0sin⁡2xx=2\Lim_{x→0}\frac{\sin 2x}{x} = 2limx→0xsin2x=2.
8. The integral ∫xexdx\int x e^x dx∫xexdx equals
A. xex−ex+Cxe^x - e^x + Cxex−ex+C
B. ex(x−1)+Ce^x(x - 1) + Cex(x−1)+C
C. ex(x+1)+Ce^x(x + 1) + Cex(x+1)+C
D. ex+Ce^x + Cex+C
✅ Answer: A
💡 Rationale: Integration by parts: u=x,dv=exdxu = x, dv = e^x dxu=x,dv=exdx.
9. The derivative of f(x)=ln⁡(tan⁡x)f(x) = \ln(\tan x)f(x)=ln(tanx) is
A. sec⁡2x/tan⁡x\sec^2 x / \tan xsec2x/tanx
B. tan⁡x/sec⁡2x\tan x / \sec^2 xtanx/sec2x
C. sec⁡xtan⁡x\sec x \tan xsecxtanx
D. cos⁡x/sin⁡x\cos x / \sin xcosx/sinx
 💡 Rationale: f′(x)=1/tan⁡x⋅sec⁡2xf'(x) = 1/\tan x \cdot \sec^2 xf′(x)=1/tanx⋅sec2x.
✅ Answer: A

10. The area under y=x2y = x^2y=x2 from 0 to 2 is

A. 222
B. 8/38/38/3
C. 444
D. 2/32/32/3
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: ∫02x2dx=x33∣02=83\int_0^2 x^2 dx = \frac{x^3}{3}\Big|_0^2 = \frac{8}
{3}∫02x2dx=3x302=38.

III. Geometry and Trigonometry

11. In a right triangle, if sin⁡A=3/5\sin A = 3/5sinA=3/5, then cos⁡A=\cos A =cosA=

A. 4/5
B. 5/3
C. 2/5
D. 3/4
✅ Answer: A
💡 Rationale: cos⁡A=1−(3/5)2=4/5. \cos A = \sqrt{1 - (3/5)^2} = 4/[Link]=1−(3/5)2=4/5.
12. The equation of a circle centered at (2, –1) with radius 3 is
A. x2+y2=9x^2 + y^2 = 9x2+y2=9
B. (x−2)2+(y+1)2=9(x-2)^2 + (y+1)^2 = 9(x−2)2+(y+1)2=9
C. (x+2)2+(y−1)2=9(x+2)^2 + (y-1)^2 = 9(x+2)2+(y−1)2=9
D. (x−2)2+(y−1)2=9(x-2)^2 + (y-1)^2 = 9(x−2)2+(y−1)2=9
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: Standard form: (x−h)2+(y−k)2=r2.(x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2.(x−h)2+
(y−k)2=r2.
13. The length of the diagonal of a square of side 5 is
A. 10
B. 525\sqrt{2}52
C. 252525
D. 2.522.5\sqrt{2}2.52
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: Diagonal = a2a\sqrt{2}a2.
14. If the sides of a triangle are 3, 4, 5, it is
A. Equilateral
B. Isosceles
C. Scalene Right Triangle
D. Obtuse
✅ Answer: C
💡 Rationale: 32+42=523^2 + 4^2 = 5^232+42=52.
15. The slope of the line 2x−3y+6=02x - 3y + 6 = 02x−3y+6=0 is
A. 2/3
 B. -2/3
C. 3/2
D. -3/2
✅ Answer: A
💡 Rationale: y=(2/3)x+2⇒m=2/3y = (2/3)x + 2 \Rightarrow m =
2/3y=(2/3)x+2⇒m=2/3.

IV. Probability and Statistics

16. The mean of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 is

A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: Sum = 30, /5 = 6.
17. The variance of 1, 2, 3 is
A. 1
B. 0.5
C. 0.67
D. 2
✅ Answer: A
💡 Rationale: Mean = 2; deviations: (1,0,1); variance = 2/2 = 1.
18. The probability of drawing a red card from a standard deck is
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 3/4
D. 1/13
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: 26 red cards out of 52 total.
19. For a normal distribution, mean = median = mode.
✅ Answer: True
💡 Rationale: Symmetric property of normal curve.
20. The expected value of rolling a fair die is
A. 3
B. 3.5
C. 4
D. 2.5
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: E=(1+2+3+4+5+6)/6=3.5E = (1+2+3+4+5+6)/6 =
3.5E=(1+2+3+4+5+6)/6=3.5.
V. Number Theory and Discrete Math

21. The gcd of 48 and 18 is

A. 6
B. 8
C. 12
D. 18
✅ Answer: C
💡 Rationale: gcd(48,18)=6×2=12.
22. The remainder when 7⁴ is divided by 5 is
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 4
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: 74=2401≡1mod 5.7^4 = 2401 ≡ 1 \mod 5.74=2401≡1mod5.
23. The number of subsets of a set with 5 elements is
A. 25
B. 32
C. 10
D. 5
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: 25=32.2^5 = 32.25=32.
24. The binary equivalent of 13 is
A. 1011
B. 1101
C. 1110
D. 1001
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: 13=8+4+1.13 = 8+4+1.13=8+4+1.
25. Euler’s totient function ϕ(9) =
A. 6
B. 3
C. 9
D. 4
✅ Answer: A
💡 Rationale: ϕ(9)=9(1−1/3)=6.

VI. Advanced Topics / Miscellaneous

26. The derivative of sin⁡−1x\sin^{-1} xsin−1x is

A. 11−x2\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}1−x21
B. −11−x2-\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}−1−x21
C. 1−x2\sqrt{1-x^2}1−x2
 D. 1−x21 - x^21−x2
✅ Answer: A
27. ∫11+x2dx=\int \frac{1}{1+x^2} dx =∫1+x21dx=
A. tan⁡−1x+C\tan^{-1}x + Ctan−1x+C
B. sin⁡−1x+C\sin^{-1}x + Csin−1x+C
C. cos⁡−1x+C\cos^{-1}x + Ccos−1x+C
D. ln⁡(1+x2)+C\ln(1+x^2)+Cln(1+x2)+C
✅ Answer: A
28. If f(x)=x3−3x+2f(x)=x^3−3x+2f(x)=x3−3x+2, then critical points occur at
A. x = 0
B. x = ±1
C. x = 1, 2
D. x = -1, 1

💡 Rationale: f′(x)=3x2−3=0⇒x=±1.f'(x)=3x^2−3=0 ⇒ x=±1.f′(x)=3x2−3=0⇒x=±1.

✅ Answer: D

29. The Laplace transform of 1 is

A. 1
B. s
C. 1/s1/s1/s
D. s2s^2s2
✅ Answer: C
30. The determinant of [123014560]\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 0 & 1 & 4 \\ 5 & 6 & 0 \
end{bmatrix}105216340 is
A. 1
B. -1
C. -12
D. 12
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: Compute via expansion.

VII. Applied and Analytical

31. The gradient of f(x,y)=x2+y2f(x,y) = x^2 + y^2f(x,y)=x2+y2 is

A. (2x, 2y)
B. (x, y)
C. (2, 2)
D. (x², y²)
✅ Answer: A
32. If dy/dx=3x2dy/dx = 3x^2dy/dx=3x2, then y=y =y=
A. x3+Cx^3 + Cx3+C
B. x2+Cx^2 + Cx2+C
C. x3/3+Cx^3/3 + Cx3/3+C
D. 3x3+C3x^3 + C3x3+C
✅ Answer: A
 33. The double integral of 1 over a rectangle 0≤x≤2, 0≤y≤3 is
A. 5
B. 6
C. 3
D. 2
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: Area = (2)(3)=6.
34. If a sequence is arithmetic with a₁=2 and d=3, then a₅=
A. 11
B. 14
C. 15
D. 12
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale: an=a1+(n−1)d=2+12=14.a_n=a_1+(n−1)d=2+12=[Link]=a1+
(n−1)d=2+12=14.
35. The sum to n terms of geometric series 2+6+18+...2+6+18+...2+6+18+... is
A. 2(3n−1)/22(3^n−1)/22(3n−1)/2
B. 2(3n−1)2(3^n−1)2(3n−1)
C. 2(1−3n)2(1−3^n)2(1−3n)
D. 6(3n−1)6(3^n−1)6(3n−1)
✅ Answer: B
💡 Rationale:
Sn=a(rn−1)/(r−1)=2(3n−1)/2=2(3n−1)S_n=a(r^n−1)/(r−1)=2(3^n−1)/2=2(3^n−1)Sn
=a(rn−1)/(r−1)=2(3n−1)/2=2(3n−1).

VIII. Logic and Proofs

36. The contrapositive of “If it rains, the ground is wet” is

A. If the ground is wet, it rains.
B. If it doesn’t rain, the ground isn’t wet.
C. If the ground isn’t wet, it doesn’t rain.
D. If it rains, the ground isn’t wet.
✅ Answer: C
37. The statement “There exists an x such that x²=2” is
A. True in ℝ
B. False in ℝ
C. True in ℚ
D. False in both
✅ Answer: A
38. The negation of “All cats are black” is
A. All cats are not black.
B. Some cats are not black.
C. No cat is black.
 D. None of the above.
✅ Answer: B
39. In a truth table, p∨qp \lor qp∨q is false only when
A. p = T, q = F
B. p = F, q = F
C. p = F, q = T
D. p = T, q = T
✅ Answer: B
40. The logical equivalence of p→qp \rightarrow qp→q is
A. ¬p∨q\neg p \lor q¬p∨q
B. p∧¬qp \land \neg qp∧¬q
C. ¬(p∨q)\neg(p \lor q)¬(p∨q)
D. p∨qp \lor qp∨q
✅ Answer: A

IX. Complex Numbers & Vectors

41. i7=i^7 =i7=

A. i
B. -i
C. 1
D. -1

💡 Rationale: i⁴=1 ⇒ i⁷=i³=−i.

✅ Answer: B

42. The modulus of 3+4i3+4i3+4i is

A. 5
B. 7
C. 25
D. 5i5i5i
✅ Answer: A
43. The conjugate of 2−5i2 - 5i2−5i is
A. 2+5i2 + 5i2+5i
B. −2−5i-2 - 5i−2−5i
C. −2+5i-2 + 5i−2+5i
D. 2−5i2 - 5i2−5i

44. If a⃗=(2,3)\vec{a}=(2,3)a=(2,3) and b⃗=(1,4)\vec{b}=(1,4)b=(1,4), then a⃗⋅b⃗=\vec{a}\cdot\

✅ Answer: A

vec{b}=a⋅b=
A. 14
B. 10
C. 12
D. 8
✅ Answer: A
💡 Rationale: 2(1)+3(4)=14.2(1)+3(4)=14.2(1)+3(4)=14.
 45. The magnitude of vector ⟨3,4⟩\langle3,4\rangle⟨3,4⟩ is
A. 5
B. 7
C. 12
D. 25
✅ Answer: A

X. Differential Equations & Applied Math

46. The solution of dy/dx=kydy/dx = kydy/dx=ky is

A. y=kexy=ke^xy=kex
B. y=Cekxy=Ce^{kx}y=Cekx
C. y=Cexy=Ce^xy=Cex
D. y=Cek/xy=Ce^{k/x}y=Cek/x
✅ Answer: B
47. The differential equation dydx=2x\frac{dy}{dx} = 2xdxdy=2x has particular solution
y(0)=3y(0)=3y(0)=3. Then y=y=y=
A. x2+3x^2 + 3x2+3
B. x2−3x^2 - 3x2−3
C. x2+Cx^2 + Cx2+C
D. x+3x + 3x+3
✅ Answer: A
48. For a 2×2 system with determinant ≠ 0, the system is
A. Dependent
B. Inconsistent
C. Consistent and Independent
D. None of the above
✅ Answer: C
49. If population grows proportionally to size, P(t)=P0ektP(t)=P_0e^{kt}P(t)=P0ekt.
Doubling time TTT satisfies
A. ekT=1/2e^{kT}=1/2ekT=1/2
B. ekT=2e^{kT}=2ekT=2
C. kT=2kT=2kT=2
D. kT=0kT=0kT=0
✅ Answer: B
50. The Fourier series represents a function as a sum of
A. Polynomials
B. Sines and cosines
C. Exponentials only
D. Constants only
✅ Answer: B