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No : 0012601070113
Age/Gender : 31 Years/Male Collected On : 07-Jan-2026 02:52 PM
Referred By : Dr. SELF Received On : 07-Jan-2026 03:53 PM
Sample Type/ID : EDTA/694453 Reported On : 07-Jan-2026 04:01 PM
Client Panel : DL175-- Report Status : Final Report
Referred By Lab : Self
HAEMATOLOGY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
HAEMATOLOGY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
Method Name: Impedance & absorbance/manual
BASOPHILS 0.00 % 1.0-2.0
Method Name: Impedance & absorbance/manual
ANC (ABSOLUTE NEUTROPHIL COUNT) 10.14 10^3/µL 2.0-7.0
Method Name: Calculated
ALC (ABSOLUTE LYMPHOCYTE COUNT) 2.74 10^3/µL 1.0-3.0
Method Name: Calculated
AEC (ABSOLUTE EOSINOPHIL COUNT) 0.27 10^3/µL 0.02-0.50
Method Name: Calculated
AMC (ABSOLUTE MONOCYTE COUNT) 0.55 10^3/µL 0.20-1.00
Method Name: Calculated
ABC (ABSOLUTE BASOPHIL COUNT) 0.00 10^3/µL 0.00-0.10
Method Name: Calculated
NEUTROPHIL/LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (NLR) 3.70 Ratio 0.43-2.75
Method Name: Calculated
PLATELET/LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (PLR) 92.70 Ratio 36.63-149.13
Method Name: Calculated
Interpretation:
A complete blood count (CBC) is a blood test used to evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of disorders, including anemia, infection and
leukemia.
Disorder related to having a high white blood count Disorder related to having a low white blood count
include include:
Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, conditions
Disease of the immune system, such as the HIV/AIDS
that cause the immune system attack healthy tissues.
Bacterial or viral infection Lymphoma, a cancer of the bone morrow
Cancers such as leukemia and Hodgkin disease Diseases of the liver or spleen
Allergic reactions
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was identified as an independent risk factor for critical illness in patients with COVID-19 [Link]-
lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a novel inflammatory marker, which may be used in many diseases for predicting inflammation and mortality.
Note :- The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not always indicative of a disease, it has
to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation.
HAEMATOLOGY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a relatively simple, inexpensive, non-specific test that indirectly measures the degree of inflammation present in
the body. Inflammation is part of the body's immune response. It can be acute, developing rapidly after trauma, injury or infection, for example, or can
occur over an extended time (chronic) with conditions such as autoimmune diseases or cancer. Moderately elevated ESR occurs with inflammation but also
with anemia, infection, pregnancy, and with aging. A very high ESR can be seen in severe infection, marked by an increase in globulins, systemic
vasculitis, polymyalgia rheumatica or temporal arteritis. People with multiple myeloma or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (tumors that make large
amounts of immunoglobulins) typically have very high ESRs
Advanced age
Anemia
Pregnancy
High fibrinogen
Macrocytosis
Kidney problems
Thyroid disease
Some cancers, such as multiple myeloma
Infection
Microcytosis
Low fibrinogen
Polycythemia
Marked leukocytosis
Note :- The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not always indicative of a disease, it has
to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation.
HAEMATOLOGY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
CLINICAL COMMENT:-
American Diabetes Association
Reference Group HbA1c in %
Non diabetic adults >=18 years < 6.0
At risk (Prediabetes) 5.7 - 6.4
Diagnosing Diabetes >= 6.5
1. HbA1c is used for monitoring diabetic [Link] reflects the mean plasma glucose over three months.
2. Trends in HbA1c are a better indicator of diabetic control than a solitary test.
3. HbA1c target in pregnancy is to attain level <6 % .
4. HbA1c target in pediatric age group is to attain level < 7.5 %.
REMARKS:-
1. Shortened RBC life span –HbA1c test will not be accurate when a person has a condition that affects the average lifespan of red blood cells (RBCs), such
as hemolytic anemia or blood loss. When the lifespan of RBCs in circulation is shortened, the A1c result is falsely low and is an unreliable
measurement of a person's average glucose over time.
2. Abnormal forms of hemoglobin – The presence of some hemoglobin variants, such as hemoglobin S in sickle cell anemia, may affect certain methods
for measuring A1c. In these cases, fructosamine can be used to monitor glucose control.
Note :- The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not always indicative
of a disease, it has to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation.
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
Clinical comments: -
Urea/creatinine: High levels of urea & creatinine indicate kidney disease or some from damage due to blocked blood flow to kidneys. Increased in any renal
functional [Link] Acid: A high uric acid level occurs when your kidneys don't eliminate uric acid efficiently. Things that may cause this slow-
down in the removal of uric acid include rich foods, being overweight, having diabetes, taking certain diuretics (sometimes called water pills) and drinking
too much alcohol. Electrolyte: Levels of electrolytes in the blood are affected by kidney disease in different ways, When they are out of balance this can
affect your body’s fluids levels and your pH. [Link]: Help with muscle contraction, nerve signaling, blood clotting, cell division and maintaining
bone and teeth.
Reference ranges are from Teitz fundamental of clinical chemistry 8th ed (2018).Reference ranges vary between laboratories
Note: - The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not always indicative of a disease, it has
to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation.
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
Comment:-
Conditions that can result in an elevated blood glucose level include: Acromegaly, Acute stress (response to trauma, heart attack, and stroke for
instance),Chronic kidney disease, Cushing syndrome, Excessive consumption of food, Hyperthyroidism, Pancreatitis.A low level of glucose may indicate
hypoglycemia, a condition characterized by a drop in blood glucose to a level where first it causes nervous system symptoms.(sweating, palpitations,
hunger, trembling, and anxiety), then begins to affect the brain (causing confusion, hallucinations, blurred vision, and sometimes even coma and death). A
low blood glucose level (hypoglycemia) may be seen with:Adrenal insufficiency, Drinking excessive alcohol, Severe liver disease,
Hypopituitarism,Hypothyroidism, Severe infections, Severe heart failure, Chronic kidney (renal) failure, Insulin overdose, Tumors that produce insulin
(insulinomas), Starvation.
NOTE-The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not always indicative of a disease; it has
to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation.
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
LIPID PROFILE
TOTAL CHOLESTEROL, Serum 193.20 mg/dL Desirable<200
Method Name: Enzymatic-colorimetric (CHOD-PAP) Borderline 200-239
High > 239
TRIGLYCERIDE , Serum 100.00 mg/dL Normal <150
Method Name: Enzymatic (GPO-PAP)-colorimetric Borderline 150-199
High 200-499
Very High >499
HDL-CHOLESTEROL , Serum 46.30 mg/dL >40 Recommended range
Method Name: Direct measure
NON HDL CHOLESTEROL,Serum 146.90 mg/dL <130
Method Name: Calculated
LDL CHOLESTEROL,Serum 126.90 mg/dL Optimal <100
Method Name: Calculated Borderline 130-159
High 160-189
Very High >190
VLDL CHOLESTEROL ,Serum 20.00 mg/dL 0.0- 30.0
Method Name: Calculated
TOTAL CHOLESTEROL /HDL RATIO ,Serum 4.17 Ratio low Risk < 3.0
Method Name: Calculated Average Risk3.0-5.0
High Risk > 5.0
LDL / HDL CHOLESTEROL RATIO 2.74 Ratio 1.5-3.5
Method Name: Calculated
HDL/LDL CHOLESTEROL RATIO 0.36 Ratio <3.50
Method Name: Calculated
10-12 hours fasting is mandatory for lipid profile. In case of the lipemic sample (highly turbid due to lipoproteins mainly chylomicrons), the test
cannot be performed on the specimen but can be repeated after a week following fat free diet.
CLINICAL COMMENTS
Lipids, such as cholesterol, triglycerides, and fatty acids, are fat and substances like fat used as a source of fuel by the body. Lipid levels can be an important
measure of health. For example, a person who has high cholesterol has an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
There are two main forms of cholesterol:-
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is called "bad cholesterol." Most efforts to lower cholesterol are aimed at reducing levels of LDL.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is called "good cholesterol." It can help remove excess cholesterol from the blood [Link] levels of triglycerides raise your risk for
heart disease and other serious problems.
Reference ranges are from Teitz fundamental of clinical chemistry 8th ed (2018). Reference ranges vary between laboratories.
Note :- The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not always indicative of a disease, it has
to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation.
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
IRON PROFILE
Iron 103.00 µg/dL 59.0-158.0
Method Name: TPTZ
UIBC 215.30 µg/dL 120.0-347.0
Method Name: NiTRO-PSAP
TOTAL IRON BINDING CAPACITY 318.30 µg/dL 240.0-450.0
Method Name: Calculated
TRANSFERRIN SATURATION 32.36 % 20.0-50.0
Method Name: Calculated
CLINICAL COMMENTS:-
Iron is an essential nutrient that, among other functions, is needed in small quantities to help form normal red blood cells (RBCs).
Serum iron test: measures the level of iron in the liquid portion of the blood.
Transferrin test: directly measures the level of transferrin in the blood. Transferrin is the protein that transports iron around in the body. Under normal
conditions, transferrin is typically one-third saturated with iron. This means that about two-thirds of its capacity is eld in reserve.
TIBC (total iron-binding capacity): measures the total amount of iron that can be bound by proteins in the blood. Since transferrin is the primary iron-
binding protein, the TIBC test is a good indirect measurement of transferrin availability.
UIBC (unsaturated iron-binding capacity): The UIBC test determines the reserve capacity of transferrin, i.e., the portion of transferrin that has not yet
been saturated with iron. UIBC also reflects transferrin levels.
Transferrin saturation: a calculation that reflects the percentage of transferrin that is saturated with iron (100 x serum iron/TIBC).
Serum ferritin: reflects the amount of stored iron in the body.
INCREASED IN:
Hemosiderosis of excessive iron intake (e.g. repeated blood transfusion, iron therapy, iron containing vitamins).
Decreased formation of RBCs (thalassemia, pyridoxal deficiency anaemia).
Increased destruction of RBCs (hemolytic anaemia).
Acute liver damage
Progesteronal birth control pills & pregnancy
Premenstrual elevation
cute iron toxicity
DECREASED IN:
Note :- The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not always indicative of a disease, it has
to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation
IMMUNOLOGY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
CLINICAL COMMENT:-
Vitamin B-12 (Methylcobalamin) is an important vitamin for many body functions, such as brain health, blood cell production, and proper nerve
[Link] B12 deficiency may be due to lack of IF secretion by gastric mucosa (eg, gastrectomy, gastric atrophy) or intestinal malabsorption (eg,
ileal resection, small intestinal diseases). Vitamin B12 deficiency frequently causes macrocytic anemia, hyperthyroidism, glossitis, peripheral neuropathy,
weakness, hyperreflexia, ataxia, loss of proprioception, poor coordination, and affects behavioral changes. These manifestations may occur in any
combination; many patients have the neurologic defects without macrocytic anemia. Pernicious anemia is a macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12
deficiency that is due to a lack of IF secretion by gastric mucosa. High levels of B-12 may increase risk for cancer, liver disease, certain types of leukemia,
diabetes, kidney failure. Serum methylmalonic acid and homocysteine levels are also elevated in vitamin B12 deficiency states.
Decreased Levels:-
Lack of Intrinsic factor: Total or partial gastrectomy, Atrophic gastritis, Intrinsic factor antibodies
Malabsorption: Regional ileitis, resected bowel, Tropical Sprue, Celiac disease, pancreatic insufficiency, bacterial overgrowth & achlorhydria
Loss of ingested vitamin B12: fish tapeworm
Dietary deficiency: Vegetarians
Congenital disorders: Orotic aciduria & transcobalamine deficiency
Increased demand: Pregnancy specially last trimester
Increased Levels:-
Chronic renal failure, Congestive heart failure, Acute & Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Polycythemia vera, Carcinomas with liver metastasis, Liver disease,
Drug induced cholestasis & Protein malnutrition.
Reference ranges are from Teitz fundamental of clinical chemistry 8th ed (2018). Reference ranges vary between laboratories
Note :- The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not always indicative of a disease, it has
to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation.
IMMUNOLOGY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
Interpretation:-
TSH is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary. TSH is a labile hormone & is secreted in a pulsatile manner throughout the day and is
subject to several non-thyroidal pituitary influences. Significant variations in TSH can occur with circadian rhythm, hormonal status, stress, sleep
deprivation, caloric intake, medication & circulating antibodies.
REFERENCE RANGE in uIU/mL (As per Tietz
REFERENCE GROUP, Pregnancy
Fundamentals of clinical chemistry 7th ed)
1st Trimester 0.30– 4.50
2nd Trimester 0.50 – 4.60
3rd Trimester 0.80 – 5.20
REFERENCE GROUP REFERENCE RANGE in uIU/mL
1-4 days 1.00-39.00
5 days – 20 wks 1.70-9.10
21 wks – 20 years 0.70 – 6.40
Males > 20 years 0.40– 4.50
Adult Females (> 20 years) 0.40– 4.50
Clinical Use
· Diagnose Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism
· Monitor T4 replacement or T4 suppressive therapy
· Quantify TSH levels in the subnormal range.
TSH levels are subject to circadian variation, reaching peak levels between 2-4 AM and min between 6-10 PM. The variation is the order of 50% hence time
of the day has influence on the measures serum TSH concentration. Dose and time of drug intake also influence the test result.
Disclaimer-TSH is an important marker for the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction. Recent studies have shown that the TSH distribution progressively shifts
to a higher concentration with age ,and it is debatable whether this is due to a real change with age or an increasing proportion of unrecognized thyroid
disease in the elderly.
Reference ranges are from Teitz fundamental of clinical chemistry 7th ed.
NOTE-The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not always indicative of a disease; it has
to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation.
IMMUNOLOGY
Test Name Results Unit [Link]
SUMMARY:-
This test is done to determine if you have too much or too little vitamin D in your [Link]-than-normal levels can be due to a vitamin D deficiency,
which can result from: Lack of exposure to sunlight Lack of enough vitamin D in the diet Liver and kidney diseases Poor food absorption Use of certain
medicines, including phenytoin, phenobarbital, and rifampin
Comments:-
Vitamin D total assay is used as an aid in the assesment of Vitamin D sufficiency in [Link] D is acquired either by exposure to sunlight or ingestion
of food containing vitamin D. It is metabolized to vit D, 25 hydroxy in the liver in the first step by vit D,25-hydroxylase system. A small amount of it further
gets metabolized by hydroxylation in kidney to vit D 1,25 dihydroxy. Since vit D, 25 hydroxy is the predominant circulating form of Vit D in normal
population, it is considered to be the most reliable index of vit D status. In children, severe deficiency leads to bone-malformation, known as rickets. Milder
degrees of insufficiecy are believed to cause reduced efficiency in the utilization of dietary calcium.
The measurement of 25-OH-D is becoming increasingly important in the management of patients with various disorders of calcium metabolism associated
with Rickets, neonatal hypocalcemia, pregnancy, nutritional and renal osteodystrophy, hypoparathyroidism, and postmenopausal state.
Increased levels are found in Vit. D intoxication.
Decreased levels are detected in Rickets, osteomalacia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, malabsorption of vit D (e.g. liver diseases, cholestasis), and
diseases that increase Vit D metabolism ( Tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, primary hyperparathyroidism).
Note:- I t s h o u l d b e t a k e n i n t o c o s i d e r a t i o n t h a t d i f f e r e n c e s i n V i t a m i n D ( 2 5 - O H ) l e v e l s m a y e x i s t w i t h r e s p e c t t o g e n d e r , a g e , s e a s o n ,
geographical latitude and ethnic groups. The result obtained relate only to the sample given/ received & tested. A single test result is not
always indicative of a disease, it has to be correlated with clinical data for interpretation .