1. George Washington (1789-1797): 2.
John Adams (1797-1801):
Ratification of the United States XYZ Affair (1797-1798)
Constitution (1788) Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
Creation of the first Cabinet (1789) Peaceful transfer of power to Thomas
Whiskey Rebellion (1794) Jefferson (1801)
3. Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809): 4. James Madison (1809-1817):
Louisiana Purchase (1803) War of 1812 (1812-1815)
Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804- Burning of Washington, D.C. by the
1806) British (1814)
Embargo Act of 1807 Treaty of Ghent (1814)
George Washington
Era – American Revolution
Achievements
- Established the US treasury
- Presided over the drafting & ratification of the US Constitution
- Became a President of Constitutional Convention
- Known for establishing the precedents that later President followed ;
- Serving only two terms as a President
- Created a cabinet system
- Delivering an inaugural address
- Giving farewell address
Remark
- Commander-in-chief of continental army
- First President of US
- Washington’s farewell address warned against the dangers of political parties and
foreign alliances
John Adams
Era – Westward Expansion
Achievements
- Signed the Alien and Sedition Acts into law
- Signed the Judiciary Act of 1801
- Appointed midnight judges and caused Marbury V. Madison landmark case.
Remark
- The first President to live in the White House
Thomas Jefferson
Era – Westward Expansion
Achievements
- Made Louisiana Purchase from France
Remark
- Author of the Declaration of Independence
James Madison
Era – Westward Expansion
Achievements
- Led the country through the War of 1812 against Great Britain
Remark
- Father of US Constitution
5. James Monroe (1817-1825): 6. John Quincy Adams (1825-1829)
Monroe Doctrine (1823) Erie Canal completed (1825)
Missouri Compromise (1820) Corrupt Bargain (1824)
Era of Good Feelings (1817-1825) Tariff of Abominations (1828)
7. Andrew Jackson (1829-1837): [Link] Van Buren (1837-1841):
Panic of (1837)
Indian Removal Act (1830)
Trail of Tears (1838-1839)
Nullification Crisis (1832-1833)
Amistad case (1839-1841)
Bank War (1832-1836)
James Monroe
Era – Westward Expansion
Achievements
- Issued Monroe Doctrine which declared US opposition to European intervention in
the America.
Andrew Jackson
Era – Westward Expansion
Achievements
- Signed the Indian Removal Act, forcing the relocation of Native American Tribes to
west part of Mississippi River, which led to the “Trail of Tears”
Remark
- Founder of the Democratic Party
[Link] Henry Harrison (1841): 10. John Tyler (1841-1845):
Shortest presidential term (32 days) Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842)
Died of pneumonia Annexation of Texas (1845)
11. James K. Polk (1845-1849) 12. Zachary Taylor (1849-1850)
Mexican-American War (1846-1848) Second shortest presidential term (16
Oregon Treaty (1846) months)
California Gold Rush (1848) Compromise of 1850
James K. Polk
Era – Westward Expansion
Achievements
- Associated with Mexican-American War
Remark
- A strong advocate of Manifest Destiny, the belief that it was the destiny of the US
to expand its territory across the North American Continent from the Atlantic
Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
13. Millard Fillmore (1850-1853) 14. Franklin Pierce (1853-1857):
Fugitive Slave Act (1850) Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
Opening of Japan (1853) Bleeding Kansas (1856)
Dred Scott v. Sandford Supreme Court
decision (1857)
15. James Buchanan (1857-1861): 16. Abraham Lincoln (1861-1865):
Panic of 1857 American Civil War (1861-1865)
Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858) Emancipation Proclamation (1862)
Secession of Southern states (1860-1861) Assassination by John Wilkes Booth
(1865)
Abraham Lincoln
Era – Civil War
Achievements
- Abolitionist
- Issued Emancipation Proclamation
- Known for “Gettysburg Address” delivered on November 19,1863 during the Civil
War. (Don’t change the horse in the middle of the race)
Remark
- Assassinated five days after the end of the Civil War.
17. Andrew Johnson (1865-1869): 18. Ulysses S. Grant (1869-1877):
Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) Transcontinental Railroad completed
Impeachment trial (1868) (1869)
Purchase of Alaska from Russia (1867) Panic of 1873
Enforcement Acts (1870-1871)
19. Rutherford B. Hayes (1877-1881): 20. James A. Garfield (1881):
Compromise of 1877 Assassination by Charles J. Guiteau
Great Railroad Strike of 1877 (1881)
Resumption Act (1875) Shortest presidency due to assassination
(6 months)
Andrew Johnson
Era – Reconstruction
Achievements
- Veto the Civil Right Acts to provide freedman with citizenships.
- Senate and House override the veto.
- Impeached by the House but acquitted by the Senate
Remark
- Fist President to be impeached, associated with Black Codes , southern states
attempt to restrict the rights of African Americans.
Ulysses S. Grant
Era – Progressive Era
Achievements
- Oversaw the passage of 15th Amendment, Which granted voting rights to black
men.
Remark
- Led the Union State’s Army during the Civil War
21. Chester A. Arthur (1881-1885) 22. Grover Cleveland (1885-1889, 1893-
Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act 1897)
(1883) Interstate Commerce Act (1887)
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) Haymarket Riot (1886)
Construction of the Washington Panic of 1893
Monument completed (1884)
23. Benjamin Harrison (1889-1893): 24. William McKinley (1897-1901):
Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) Spanish-American War (1898)
Homestead Strike (1892) Assassination by Leon Czolgosz (1901)
McKinley Tariff Act (1890) Annexation of Hawaii (1898)
25. Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909) 26. William Howard Taft (1909-1913)
Panama Canal construction (1904-1914) 16th Amendment (income tax)
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) Dollar Diplomacy
Great White Fleet world tour (1907- Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act (1909)
1909)
27. Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921) 28. Warren G. Harding (1921-1923)
World War I (1914-1918) Teapot Dome scandal
Fourteen Points speech (1918) Washington Naval Conference (1921-
Treaty of Versailles (1919) 1922)
Death from a heart attack
Theodore Roosevelt
Era – Progressive Era
Achievements
- Led the country through the progressive era and established National Park System
Remark
- Known for his “Square Deal” domestic policies
Woodrow Wilson
Era – WWI
Achievements
- Known for the creation of Federal Reserve System
Remark
- Proposed the idea of “The League of Nations”
- Won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919 for his efforts to establish the League of
Nations.
29. Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929) 30. Herbert Hoover (1929-1933)
Roaring Twenties (economic boom) Great Depression (1929-1939)
Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) Dust Bowl (1930s)
Stock Market Crash of 1929 Hoover Dam construction (1931-1936)
31. Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945): 32. Harry S. Truman (1945-1953)
New Deal programs (1933-1939) Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and
Social Security Act (1935) Nagasaki (1945)
World War II (1939-1945) Truman Doctrine (1947)
Korean War (1950-1953)
Herbert Hoover
Era – Great Depression
Achievements
- Criticized for his response to the Great Depression, which was slow and
ineffective.
Remark
- Shandy towns built during the Great Depression were named “Hooverville”
because of his ineffective relief policies.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Era – Great Depression, WWII
Achievements
- Instituted the New Deal Program
- Known for the creation of Social Security
Remark
- The longest Presidency
- Issued executive order which led to the relocation and Internment of Japanese
Americans during WWII.
33. Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961): 34. John F. Kennedy (1961-1963):
Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Bay of Pigs invasion (1961)
Court decision (1954) Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
Interstate Highway System (1956) Assassination by Lee Harvey Oswald
U-2 spy plane incident (1960) (1963)
35. Lyndon B. Johnson (1963-1969): 36. Richard Nixon (1969-1974):
Civil Rights Act of 1964 Watergate scandal
Vietnam War escalation (1964-1969) Paris Peace Accords (1973)
Apollo 11 moon landing (1969) Resignation due to impeachment threat
37. Gerald Ford (1974-1977) 38. Jimmy Carter (1977-1981)
Pardon of Richard Nixon (1974) Camp David Accords (1978)
Fall of Saigon (1975) Iran hostage crisis (1979-1981)
Bicentennial celebration (1976) Three Mile Island nuclear accident (1979)
39. Ronald Reagan (1981-1989) 40. George H. W. Bush (1989-1993)
Reaganomics (economic policies) Gulf War (1991)
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
Iran-Contra affair (1986) Collapse of the Soviet Union (1991)
[Link] Clinton (1993-2001) 42. George W. Bush (2001-2009)
North American Free Trade Agreement September 11 attacks (2001)
(NAFTA) War in Afghanistan (2001-2021)
Welfare reform (1996) Invasion of Iraq (2003-2011)
Impeachment trial (1998-1999)
43. Barack Obama (2009-2017) 44. Donald Trump (2017-2021)
Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (2017)
American Recovery and Reinvestment Impeachment trials (2019, 2021)
Act (2009) COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021)
Death of Osama bin Laden (2011)
45. Joe Biden (2021-present)
Inaugurated as President (2021)
COVID-19 response and vaccination efforts (2021-present)
Ongoing policy initiatives and events.
Russia invasion on Ukraine
Israel and Middle East War
Tension rises between North Korea and South Korea