ARMY PUBLIC DEGREE COLLEGE MALIR CANTT

APSACS QUESTION BANK

BIOLOGY HSSCII
CHAPTER: 22 INHERITANCE

(SECTION A)

MCQs

Q1. Choose the correct answer from the options given below. Each part question
carries 01 mark.

1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of F2 wheat grain colour?

A. White -------light pink-----red ------------dark red
B. White --------red------------dark red-------moderately dark red
C. White--------light pink-----pink --------light red
D. White--------light pink-------pink--------dark red

2. Which of the following is not true for Y trait?

A. Holandric trait
B. From father to son
C. From father to daughter
D. Smallest chromosome

3. Which of the following statements about sex linkage in humans is not correct:
A. Experimental mating possible
B. X- linked and y- linked traits
C. Mode of inheritance can be traced through pedigree
D. None of these

4. Which of the following incorrectly pairs ?

A. Haemophilia A -----------------blood clotting factor viii
B. Haemophilia B ----------------- blood clotting factor ix
C. Haemophilia C ------------------ blood clotting factor xi
D. Haemophilia Aand B --------------------Y linked inheritance
5. Which of the following is not a correct match for drosophila?

xx xy xo xxy
A female male Sterile female female
B female male Fertile male male
C female male Sterile male female
D female male fertile female male

6. Which of the following is correct for SRY genes?

A. Sex determining regions of Y
B. Sex related disorders of Y
C. Sex related diseases of Y
D. Sex terminating regions of y

7. Which one of the following sex linked pattern of inheritance is mismatched?

XX- XY XX-XO ZZ-ZW

A man grasshopper birds
B grasshoppe birds man
r
C birds man grasshopper
D man birds grasshopper

8. Which of the following choices correctly illustrates the pattern of inheritance of an

x- linked recessive trait:

A Father son affected grand daughter

B Father daughter affected -grandson
C Father son affected -grandson
D Father daughter affected grand daughter

9. Which recombination frequency ratio corresponds to perfect linkage and violates

the law of independent assortment?

A. 1:1:1:1
B. More parental and less recombinant types
C. Only parental types
D. None of these.
10. Which of the following symptom describes the condition of muscular dystrophy?

A. Cannot differentiate between red and green colour

B. Wasting away of the muscles
C. Abnormality of blood clotting factor
D. Baldness

11. The genotype XXY corresponds to

12.

A. Klinefelter syndrome
B. Turner syndrome
C. Down syndrome
D. Jacob syndrome\

13. Hybridizations can be performed by transferring pollen from which part of the
male plant to the female ova.

A. anther
B. pistil
C. stigma
D. seed

14. Which is not the characteristics of the Mendelian parameters?

A. flower position
B. seed texture
C. leaf shape
D. stem height

15. Imagine you are performing a cross involving seed color in garden pea plants.
What F1 offspring would you expect if you cross true-breeding parents with green
seeds and yellow seeds? Yellow seed color is dominant over green.

A. 100 percent yellow-green seeds

B. 100 percent yellow seeds
C. 50 percent yellow, 50 percent green seeds
D. 25 percent green, 75 percent yellow seeds

16. Consider a cross to investigate the pea pod texture trait, involving constricted or
inflated pods. Mendel found that the traits behave according to a
dominant/recessive pattern in which purple coloured flowers were dominant in
 pea plant. If you performed this cross and obtained 650 purple coloured flowers
in the F2 generation, approximately how many white flowered plants would you
expect to have?

A. 600
B. 165
C. 217
D. 468

17. A scientist pollinates a true-breeding pea plant with violet, terminal flowers with
pollen from a true-breeding pea plant with white, axial flowers. Which of the
following observations would most accurately describe the F2 generation?

A. 75% violet flowers; 75% terminal flowers

B. 75% white flowers in a terminal position
C. 75% violet flowers; 75% axial flowers
D. 75% violet flowers in an axial position

18. The observable traits expressed by an organism are described as its :

A. phenotype
B. genotype
C. alleles
D. zygote

19. A recessive trait will be observed in individuals that are :

A. heterozygous for that trait

B. homozygous or heterozygous for that trait
C. homozygous for that trait
D. diploid

20. If black and white true-breeding rooster and hen are mated and the result is all
gray offspring, what inheritance pattern would this be indicative of?

A. dominance
B. Co-dominance
C. multiple alleles
D. incomplete dominance

21. The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as the IA, IB, and i alleles.
The IA allele encodes the A blood group antigen, IB encodes B, and i encodes O.
 Both A and B are dominant to O. If a heterozygous blood type A parent (IAi) and a
heterozygous blood type B parent (IBi) mate, What will the following genotypes
express? IA Ii, IB Ii,

A. multiple alleles and incomplete dominance

B. codominance and incomplete dominance
C. incomplete dominance only
D. multiple alleles and codominance

22. In a mating between two individuals that are heterozygous for a recessive allele,
what genotypic ratio (homozygous dominant:heterozygous:homozygous
recessive) would you expect to observe in the offspring?

A. 1:2:1
B. 3:1:1
C. 1:2:0
D. 0:2:1

23. If the allele encoding brown eyes is dominant over blue eyes why do most people
in northern Europe have blue eyes?

A. Genetic elements suppress the gene.

B. Gene is embryonic lethal.
C. The gene is replaced at birth..
D. It has to do with how many copies of that gene version (or allele) are in the
population.

24. Assuming no gene linkage, in a dihybrid cross

of AABB x aabb with AaBb F1 heterozygotes, what is the ratio of the F1 gametes
(AB, aB, Ab, ab) that will give rise to the F2 offspring?

A. 1:1:1:1
B. 1:3:3:1
C. 1:2:2:1
D. 4:3:2:1

25. Labrador retrievers’ fur color is controlled by two alleles, E and B. Any dog with
the ee__ genotype develops into a yellow labs, while B_E_ dogs become black
labs and bbE_ dogs become chocolate labs. This is an example of:

A. epistasis
B. codominance
C. incomplete dominance
D. linkage
E. IB

26. Which of the following situations does not follow the Law of Independent
Assortment?

A. A blond man and a brunette woman produce three offspring over time, all of who
have blond hair.
B. A white cow crossed with a brown bull produces roan cattle.
C. Mating a hog with a sow produces six female piglets.
D. Men are more likely to experience hemophilia than women.

27. Huntingtons disease is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Which of the

following is true?

A. Female offspring are more likely to be carriers of the disease.

B. Male offspring are more likely to inherit the disease.
C. Male and female offspring have the same likelihood of inheriting the disease.
D. Female offspring are more likely to inherit the disease.

28. ABO blood group antigens system is an example of codominance and also an
example of :

A. incomplete dominance
B. X-linked recessive inheritance
C. multiple alleles
D. recessive lethal inheritance

29. X-linked recessive traits in humans (or in Drosophila) are observed:

A. in more males than females

B. in more females than males
C. in males and females equally
D. in different distributions depending on the trait

30. Chromosomes may physically exchange segments at this stage of meiosis I:

A. synapsis
B. sister chromatids
C. chiasmata
D. alleles
31. Two of the alleles which were crossed by Mendel to describe gene linkage
were:

A. Long wing /vestigial wings

B. Long wing / narrow abdomen
C. Wide abdomen/narrow abdomen
D. None of these.

SECTION B

SHORT QUESTIONS

Note: Each question carries 3 marks

1. Give the name of the processes that lead to variation in offspring with the same
parents.
2. Identify the condition and reason where you do not use capital and small letters
for the representation of the genes .

3. Enlist the Mendelian parameters.

4. Identify the differences between Epistasis and Dominance relationship.

5. Name the various minor and major blood group systems in humans.

6. List the traits in humans which are controlled by alleles of two or more gene
pairs found at different loci.

7. How can a female carrier of an X-linked recessive disorder have a daughter who
is affected?

8. How would you perform a reciprocal cross for the characteristic of stem height in
the garden pea

9. Explain why it was essential that Mendel perform his crosses using a large
sample size?

10. How you can associate inheritance with the laws of Mendel.
 11. Explain those exceptions to the Mendelian inheritance that cannot be explained
on the basis of complete dominance.

12. Differentiate between any two types of dominance.

13. How can the two different phenomenons like epistasis and polygenic traits be
correlated?
14. How the xx-xy system differs from a zz-zw system?

15. How are the conditions of homogametic and heterogametic can be explained with
refeference to a male and female human?

16. Suggest the reasons why garden pea was an excellent choice of model system
for studying inheritance.

17. Can a human male be a carrier of haemophilia?

.
18. Interpret the results based on a monohybrid cross.

19. Express limitations in the law of independent assortment and its usefulness.

20. Evaluate that the inheritance of genes and their mixing during fertilization is
based on mathematical probabilities.

21. Correlate the phenomenon of multiple alleles with that of the ABO blood group
system.

22. Investigate the reasons for O-ve individual as the universal donor and AB +ve as
the universal recipient.

23. Detect an autosome and a sex chromosome from a human karyotype.

24. The gene for flower position in pea plants exists as axial or terminal alleles.
Given that axial is dominant to terminal, list all of the possible F1 and
F2 genotypes and phenotypes from a cross involving parents that are
homozygous for each trait. Express genotypes with conventional genetic
abbreviations.

25. You do a test cross between a pea plant with wrinkled peas and a plant of
unknown genotype that has round peas. You end up with plants having both
 genotype .From this data ,can you tell if the round pea plant is homozygous or
heterozygous?

SECTION C

LONG QUESTIONS

1. Indicate the complications and the risk factors during the condition where mother
is Rh negative and the foetus is Rh positive. 07
2. Identify thecondition where ABO blood type antigens are not only found at the
surface of RBCs but they are also normally secreted in the body fluids. Also draw
a table with reference to the ABO blood group systems showing
genotypes,antigens,antibodies and the types of transfusion they can have 06
3. Describe complimentary gene interaction 07

4. The gene for color of flower in pea plants exists as purple or white alleles. Given that
purple is dominant to white, list all of the possible F1 and F2 genotypes and
phenotypes
5. How can gene linkage be detected by performing test cross. 06
6. People with trisomy 21 develop Down’s syndrome. What law of Mendelian
inheritance is violated in this disease? What is the most likely way this occurs 06
7. Explain the phenomenon which is exemplified by the inheritance of flower colour in
Japanese 4 “o” clock flower 05
8. Describe with the help of an example the condition in which the gene has more than
two alleles for a single trait. 06
9. How would you perform a reciprocal cross for the characteristic of stem height in the
garden pea? 05

10. Use a Punnett square to predict the offspring in a cross between a white flowered
plant (homozygous recessive) and a purple flowered pea plant (heterozygous).
What is the genotypic and the phenotypic ratio of the offspring? 07

11. Use the probability method to calculate the genotypes and genotypic proportions of
a cross between AABBCc and Aabbcc parents. 07

12. An example of epistasis is observed in the coat colour of Labrador retreiver . Cross
the two chocolate coloured Labradors providing the genotypes and phenotypes 06

13. A heterozygous pea plant produces violet flowers and yellow, round seeds. Describe
the expected genotypes of the gametes produced by Mendelian inheritance. If all
 three genes are found on the same arm of one chromosome should a scientist
predict that inheritance patterns will follow Mendelian genetics? 08

14. Suggest what measures can be taken by the Rh negative mother to avoid the
condition of erythroblastosis foetalis 05

15. Choose some of the approaches that can decrease the need for a blood transfusion.

07
16. Justify modified Mendelian ratios with the example of sweet pea. 07

17. Critically analyze the inheritance pattern in x linked recessive and x linked dominant
traits. 08
18. Analyze how the study of a particular karyotype can reveal genetic disorders? 05

19. Evaluate how the sex determination system can be described on the basis of their
karyotype. 05