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The document discusses the three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, highlighting their characteristics such as volume, density, shape, and fluidity. It also explains phase changes like sublimation, evaporation, condensation, boiling, and melting, along with concepts like volatility, miscibility, and alloys. Additionally, it introduces the kinetic particle theory, describing the arrangement and movement of particles in each state.

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3 views3 pages

Notes

The document discusses the three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, highlighting their characteristics such as volume, density, shape, and fluidity. It also explains phase changes like sublimation, evaporation, condensation, boiling, and melting, along with concepts like volatility, miscibility, and alloys. Additionally, it introduces the kinetic particle theory, describing the arrangement and movement of particles in each state.

Uploaded by

khadijaabuzeina394
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHEMISTR

Y
States of matter
Whichever chemical substance we study, we find that the substance can be
found in different. These three different states of matter are known as solid,
liquid and gas. Changing the temperature or pressure can change the state
in which a substance exists.
Sta Volume Densit Shape Fluidity
te y
Soli Fixed volume High Has a definite shape Doesn’t flow
d
Liq Fixed volume Moder No definite shape Generally
uid ate (fills the container) flows easily
Gas Not fixed (can Low No definite shape(fills Flows easily
expand to fill the the space given)
space)

Sublimation: solids changing to gas directly without passing the liquid


state.
Evaporation: Is the change of liquid to gas at any temperature.
Condensation: Is the change of a gas to a liquid at any temperature.
Boiling: Is the change of liquid to gas at any temperature.
Melting: Is the change of a solid to a liquid and the temperature at which a
substance turns to a liquid is called the melting point.
Volatile: A term that describes a liquid that evaporates easily; it is a liquid
that has a low boiling point because there are weak intermolecular forces
between the molecules in a liquid.
Kinetic particle theory
Solid:
Separation: packed close together
Arrangement: regular arrangement or lattice.
Movement: Simply vibrate in a fixed position.
Liquid:
Separation: close to each other
Arrangement: Irregular arrangement
Movement: able to move around past each other.
Gas:
Separation: far away from each other.
Arrangement: irregular arrangement
Movement: move freely

Miscible: Miscible describes liquids that can mix together in any ratio
without separating into different phases. This property is important in
chemistry to understand why certain liquids dissolve well in each other, while
others do not.
Alloy: An alloy is a metallic substance created by combining two or more
elements, where at least one is a metal. These elements can mix as a
compound or a solution.

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