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Shearing

The document discusses shearing processes in metalworking, specifically blanking and punching operations. It outlines the necessary calculations for punch force, clearance between dies, and the importance of proper die and punch sizes. Additionally, it highlights the effects of punch shear on reducing force requirements and ensuring clean cuts in the shearing process.

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sahugungun23
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7 views11 pages

Shearing

The document discusses shearing processes in metalworking, specifically blanking and punching operations. It outlines the necessary calculations for punch force, clearance between dies, and the importance of proper die and punch sizes. Additionally, it highlights the effects of punch shear on reducing force requirements and ensuring clean cuts in the shearing process.

Uploaded by

sahugungun23
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Shearing

Blanking

A piece of sheet
metal or a blank is
removed from the
primary metal strip
or sheet by shearing.

punch-out: workpiece
remaining strip: scrap
Shearing
Piercing/Punching
Typical Punching Operation

punch-out: scrap
remaining strip: workpiece
Shearing
Punch Force in shearing

• Force required for blanking


F= σUSS. A
A = Length of cut× thickness
= Π.D.t (for circular hole)

σUSS =
 UTS

3
Clearance between
dies in shearing

• Clearance is usually 2 to 8% of
metal thickness.
• If ductility is higher, clearance
has to be smaller.
Clearance between dies in shearing

Clearance between the dies is important in


shearing.
• Proper clearance- cracks are initiated at the edges
which propagate and meet near the centre. Clean
fracture surface.
• Insufficient clearance – ragged fracture, energy
required is more.
• Excessive clearance – greater distortion of the
edge, burrs, sharp projections on the sheared edge,
more energy required because more metal must
plastically deform.
Die and Punch sizes
• Blanking of a circular blank:
Die dia = Blank dia
Punch dia = Die dia – 2 * C
• Punching/Piercing of a circular hole
Punch dia = Hole dia
Die dia = Punch dia + 2*C
C (mm) = 2-8% of sheet thickness
Shearing
Shearing

• Punch penetrates into the sheet to a fraction of sheet


thickness and causes fracture.
Energy required =½Fmax.p

• Penetration is usually 30% of ‘t’ and increases with


ductility of the sheet.
Punch shear
• To reduce the punch force, shear is provided on
the punch. Because of shear, less area is in
contact with the punch at any time and hence
force decreases.
• Energy required remains constant as the depth of
penetration increases (reduced force acts over a
longer period).
• If h < t, shear
if h ≥ t, full shear
• Blanking force is reduced by at least 30%.
• Angular clearance is provided to allow for small
expansion of the slug that is removed due to
release of stored elastic energy. It is usually < 2°.
Effect of punch shear

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