MODULE 3: MASONRY WORKS
ENGAGE
Recall your learnings form the course CE 415: Construction Materials and Testing. Answer
the following questions by writing your answers in the space provided.
1. What is the composition of a concrete hollow block (CHB)?
2. What is the use of a CHB?
3. What is the next procedure after CHB laying?
4. What are the commercial/market price of the materials for masonry works?
EXPLORE
Read: Concrete (pp. 41-85)
Fajardo, Max B. Jr., C. Simplified Construction Estimate. 2000 ed. Philippines: 5183
Merchandising Publisher. 2000.
EXPLAIN
B. MASONRY WORKS
Concrete Hollow Block is popularly known as CHB. It is classified as load bearing and
non-bearing blocks. Load bearing blocks are those whose thickness ranges . from 15 to 20
centimeters and are used to carry load aside from its own weight.
Non-bearing blocks on the other hand, are blocks intended for walls, partitions,
fences, dividers and the like carrying its own weight whose thickness ranges from 7 to 10
centimeters.
Concrete hollow block which generally comprises of the following items:
1 . Concrete hollow blocks.
2. Cement and sand for block laying.
3. Cement, sand and gravel filler for the hollow core or cell.
4. Cement and fine sand for plastering.
5. Cement sand and gravel for foundation or footing.
6. Reinforcing steel bars and
7. Tie wires.
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Masonry by Area Method
• Typical CHB Properties
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 0.4 𝑚 = 16𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ
𝐻𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 0.2 𝑚 = 8 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ
𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 = 0.1𝑚, 0.125𝑚, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 0.150𝑚 = 4 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ, 5 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 6 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ
CHB Factor:
12.5 𝑝𝑐𝑠
=
𝑚<
• Mortar
• Composed of cement, fine sands and lime; it is used a binding material when
building with brick, block, and stone.
Mortar Fill
𝐹𝑜𝑟 4” − 𝑉CD = 0.003𝑚F /𝑝𝑐
𝐹𝑜𝑟 6” − 𝑉CD = 0.006𝑚F /𝑝𝑐
Block Laying Mortar
𝐹𝑜𝑟 4” − 𝑉CD = 0.0005𝑚F /𝑝𝑐
𝐹𝑜𝑟 6” − 𝑉CD = 0.0008𝑚F /𝑝𝑐
• Plastering
• the process of covering rough walls and uneven surfaces in the construction of
houses and other structures with a plastic material, called plaster, which is a
mixture of lime or cement concrete and sand along with the required quantity of
water.
Compiled and prepared by: ENGR. K.T. CABANLIG
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Rough Plastering Thickness of Rough plaster Fine Plastering
= 3/4" = 0.019 𝑚 = 19 𝑚𝑚
Example 1:
3.3 m
6.0 m
Determine the masonry works for the given wall section using 4inch CHB. The wall is
plastered on both sides.
Solution:
CHB
• Area of CHB
= 3.3 𝑚 × 6 𝑚 = 19.8 𝑚 <
• Number of CHB
12.5 𝑝𝑐𝑠
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 =
𝑚<
12.5 𝑝𝑐𝑠
𝑛 = 19.8 𝑚 < × = 247.5 = 248 𝑝𝑐𝑠
𝑚<
MORTAR
• Volume for Mortar Fill
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 0.003𝑚 F /𝑝𝑐
0.003 𝑚 F
𝑉K = 248 𝑝𝑐𝑠 × = 0.744 𝑚 F
𝑝𝑐
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• Volume for Block Laying Mortar
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 0.0005𝑚 F /𝑝𝑐
0.0005 𝑚 F
𝑉M = 248 𝑝𝑐𝑠 × = 0.124 𝑚 F
𝑝𝑐
• Total Volume of Mortar for CHB
𝑉N = 0.744 + 0.124 = 0.868 𝑚 F
Note: Default Class of Mortar is Class B
Cement, Sand,
Class Proportion
Bags m3
A 1:2 18 1
B 1:3 12 1
C 1:4 9 1
D 1:5 7.5 1
Cement
12 𝐵𝑎𝑔𝑠
0.868 𝑚 F × = 10.416 𝑏𝑎𝑔𝑠
𝑚 F 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
Sand
1 𝑚 F 𝑆𝑎𝑛𝑑
0.868 𝑚 F × = 0.868 𝑚 F
𝑚 F 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
Water
6 𝑔𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐻< 𝑂
10.416 𝑏𝑎𝑔 ×= 62.469 𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑠
𝑏𝑎𝑔
Note: Get the total after computing for the materials on plastering.
ROUGH PLASTERING (Mortar Mix)
• Area to be Plastered
= 3.3 𝑚 × 6 𝑚 × 2 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 = 39.6 𝑚 <
Note: Most walls are plastered on both sides.
• Volume of Mortar
𝑉 = 39.6 𝑚 < × 0.019 𝑚 = 0.7524 𝑚 F
Cement 33% increase due to
12 𝐵𝑎𝑔𝑠
0.7524 𝑚 × FF
= 9.0288 ≈ 9.029 𝑏𝑎𝑔𝑠 presence of gravel
𝑚 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 on River Sand
Sand
1 𝑚 F 𝑆𝑎𝑛𝑑
0.7524 𝑚 F × × 1.33 = 1.001 𝑚 F
𝑚 F 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
Water
6 𝑔𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐻< 𝑂
9.029 𝑏𝑎𝑔 × = 54.174 𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑠
𝑏𝑎𝑔
FINE PLASTERING (Grout – Cement and Water)
• Area to be Plastered
= 3.3 𝑚 × 6 𝑚 × 2 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 = 39.6 𝑚 <
Compiled and prepared by: ENGR. K.T. CABANLIG
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•Number of 40kg cement bag
2.5 𝑘𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 =
𝑚<
2.5 𝑘𝑔 1 𝐵𝑎𝑔 𝐶𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
= 39.6 𝑚 < × <
× = 2.475 𝑏𝑎𝑔𝑠
𝑚 40 𝑘𝑔
Total Cement
= 10.416 + 9.029 + 2.475 = 21.92 = 22 𝐵𝑎𝑔𝑠
Total Sand
= 0.868 + 1.001 = 1.869 = 1.87 𝑚 F
Total Water
= 62.469 + 54.174 = 116.643 = 11.65 𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑠
• STEEL REINFORCEMENT FOR MASONRY
Determine the steel works for the given wall section using 0.8 horizontal spacing and 2
layers or CHB. Use D10mm RSB
Number of steel bar per 𝑚< :
Solution: 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4𝑚
Factor based on the given:
0.4m 4.4 𝑚
4 × 1.1 =
𝑚<
0.6m
Increase 10% for
allowance in splicing
0.8m
0.2m Intersection
CHB
• Area of CHB
= 3.3 𝑚 × 6 𝑚 = 19.8 𝑚 <
• Number of RSB
4.4 𝑚
𝑛XYZ = 19.8 𝑚 < × = 87.12 𝑝𝑐𝑠 = 𝟖𝟖 𝒑𝒄𝒔 − 𝑫𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒎 × 𝟔𝒎
𝑚<
• Tie Wires
Length of Tie wire: 0.2m – 0.4m. Use 0.3m
1kg tie wire = 53m
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝐿def gehf = × 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 × 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑖𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑟𝑒
𝑚<
4 𝑝𝑐𝑠
𝐿def gehf = × 19.8 × 0.3𝑚 = 23.76 𝑚
𝑚<
1𝑘𝑔
𝑘𝑔def gehf = 23.76 𝑚 × = 0.448 𝑘𝑔 = 0.45 𝑘𝑔
53 𝑚
Compiled and prepared by: ENGR. K.T. CABANLIG
Property of and for the exclusive use of SLU. Reproduction, storing in a retrieval system, distributing, uploading or posting online, or transmitting in any form or by any
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Detailed Cost Estimate for Masonry Works -150mm CHB Non-Load Bearing Wall (Including
Reinforcing Steel):
No. of No. of Daily
A. LABOR Amount (Php)
Person Days Rate
Foreman 1 600
Skilled Laborer 2 500
Project Engineer 1 700
Laborer 3 400
Sub - Total for A
B. EQUIPMENT
Minor Tools 1 5000
Sub - Total for B
C. Total (A+B)
Unit
D. MATERIALS Unit Quantity
Cost
Portland Cement Bag 260
Sand m3 1100
6" CHB piece 15
D10mm x 6m RSB piece 180
Sub - Total for D
Compiled and prepared by: ENGR. K.T. CABANLIG
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E. Direct Cost, DC (C+D)
Overhead, Coontingencies &
F. 15% of E
Miscellaneous Expenses
G. Contractor's Profit 10% of E
5% of
H. Value Added Tax (VAT)
(E+F+G)
I. Total Cost
J. Total Unit Cost
K. Total Adjusred Cost.
ELABORATE
Try to solve the given problem below:
1. From the following figure, prepare the bill of materials using class "B" mixture for
concrete and mortar.
EVALUATE
My thoughts on using rough plaster after chb laying?
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When can we use and can decide not to use fine plaster?
Compiled and prepared by: ENGR. K.T. CABANLIG
Property of and for the exclusive use of SLU. Reproduction, storing in a retrieval system, distributing, uploading or posting online, or transmitting in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise of any part of this document, without the prior written permission of SLU, is strictly prohibited. 7
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CONTACT INFORMATION OF THE FACILITATOR
Engr. Ken T. Cabanlig, CE
CE 3251: Course Facilitator
YOUTUBE CHANNEL : KenCabs Civil Engg Lectures
- Playlist : Quantity Surveying
[Link]
oad=102
Cellphone : +639215522061 / 09771389660
SLU local extension number :
Institutional email address : ktcabanlig@[Link]
Compiled and prepared by: ENGR. K.T. CABANLIG
Property of and for the exclusive use of SLU. Reproduction, storing in a retrieval system, distributing, uploading or posting online, or transmitting in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise of any part of this document, without the prior written permission of SLU, is strictly prohibited. 8