HOME SIGNAL VILLAGE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
PRESENTED BY
CRISLYNE CABRERA
19 FEB 2026
HOME SIGNAL VILLAGE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
OBJECTIVES
At the end of a 50-minute discussion,
you are expected to:
▪ identify the correct sequence of the steps in the
research process.
▪ define and distinguish key research terms such as
research problem, research questions,
hypothesis, literature review, population, sample,
and data collection instruments.
▪ formulate appropriate research questions and a
simple hypothesis based on a given research
topic.
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The Research Process
✓ Research follows step-by-step actions from beginning to
end.
✓ It follows a scientific procedure.
✓ Ensures alignment with research standards and
practices.
✓ A study without scientific process does not follow proper
research expectations.
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STEP 1
Determining the Problem
Sources of research
• First step in the research problems:
process.
• Feeling of discomfort or difficulty
• Identify an issue or concern
• Social patterns or trends
to investigate. • Use of advanced technology
• The problem may come from: • Personal curiosity or interest
✓ daily experiences
✓ school Example: Concerns of students in an
✓ market online learning environment.
✓ home
✓ community
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STEP 2
Writing Research Questions
• Research questions are interrogative
statements.
Questions must be specific and clear.
• They define what the researcher
wants to know. Example: What technical difficulties do
students encounter in using Google
• They guide the direction of the Classroom as an online learning
study. platform?
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STEP 3
Review of Literature
• Process of compiling, classifying, and evaluating
written works.
• Sources include:
❑ Books
❑ Journals
❑ Newspapers
❑ Magazines
• Provides foundation of knowledge
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STEP 4
Developing a Hypothesis
• A hypothesis is a tentative answer to research questions.
• It predicts possible outcomes.
• Provides focus and direction for the study.
• Developed after reviewing related studies and data.
• Example:
✓ Online learning environment leads to higher
students’ achievement scores.
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STEP 5
Selecting Research Participants
• Identify the population (target group of the study).
• Population: Large group with common characteristics.
• If population is too large, use sampling.
• Sample: Smaller representative group of the population.
• Sample must reflect characteristics of the whole population.
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STEP 6
Choosing Data Collection Methods
• Select appropriate research instrument.
• Instrument - tool used to collect data.
Common instruments:
✓Survey questionnaire
✓Interview
✓Observation
✓Laboratory experiment
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STEP 7
Collecting the Data
• Distribute instruments to selected
participants.
• Gather responses through:
• Surveys
• Questionnaires
• Interviews
• Observations • Ensure accurate and complete data collection.
• Proceed to analysis after data gathering.
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STEP 8
Analyzing the Data
• Examine and interpret collected
responses.
• Organize and summarize findings.
• Answer the research questions.
• Provide insights based on results.
EXAMPLE:
Explain how online learning influences
students’ learning process.
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HOME SIGNAL VILLAGE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
PRESENTED BY
CRISLYNE AR P. CABRERA
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
19 FEB 2026