Class 8 Understanding Marginalisation
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Introduction
What is Marginalisation?
→ People or groups of people who are considered less important in a social setting or fall
into the lower class categories of society are called 'marginalised'.
What Does it Mean to be Socially Marginalised?
→ “Socially marginalised” are people who are marginalised because they are not socially
acceptable if they speak a different language, follow different customs, or belong to a
different religious group than the majority of the community.
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Who are Adivasis?
• The term originally referred to residents, communities that lived and often still live in
close association with forests. 8% of India's population is Adivasis.
• There are about 500 different Adivasi groups in India. They do not belong to
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homogeneous populations.
• Most of the Industrial and mining areas of India are located in the Adivasis area.
• Orissa has more than 60 different tribal groups. Also, they are found in states like
Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, and in the north-eastern
states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, and
Tripura.
• They have a different range of tribal religions like Shakta, Buddhist, Vaishnav, Bhakti,
and Christianity, other than Islam or Hinduism.
• Adivasis have their own languages, which were as old as Sanskrit. Santhali was spoken
by a large number of people and had a huge publication.
Adivasis and Stereotype
• Characteristic stereotypes have been imposed on groups of people based on race,
sexuality, nationality, or an orientation between them.
→ Adivasis are wrongly portrayed because in ways like colorful costumes, headgear, and
through their dancing skills.
→ Blamed for their lack of advancement in society.
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→ They are also believed to be exotic, primitive, and backward.
Adivasis and Development
• Forests play an important role in the development of various regions of India. For
example, metal ores, medicinal herbs, diamonds, animal products such as wax and
honey, and coal come from forests.
• Adivasis are tribal communities that usually live near and depend on forests for their
livelihoods. Here are some key pointers to keep in mind when understanding
marginalization from an Adivasi and development perspective:
Human life depends heavily on forests, which play an important role in providing
cleaner air and water quality.
→ Until the 19th century, Adivasis had unlimited access to these vast areas.
→ All empires depended primarily on forest resources.
→ Before colonial times they were known as hunter-gatherers and nomads.
→ They lived by shifting agriculture and cultivating in one place.
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→ For the past two hundred years, Adivasis have been forced through economic
changes, forest policies, and political force applied by State to migrate as workers in
plantations, industries, and as domestic workers.
Minorities and Marginalisation
• The term minority refers to a community that is small in number relative to the rest of
the population.
→ It has power issues, limited access to resources, and social and cultural dimensions.
→ Safeguards are needed to protect minority communities from the possibility of being
culturally overwhelmed by the majority. It also protects you from discrimination and
harm you may face.
→ The Constitution provides these guarantees to ensure that India remains culturally
diverse and promotes equality and justice.
Muslims and Marginalisation
• In India, 13% of the Muslim community are marginalized. Over the years they have been
deprived of the benefits of socio-economic development, basic services, literacy and public
employment.
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→ Muslim customs and practices such as wearing the burqa and fez tend to be identified
differently from other Muslims because they distinguish them from other Muslims .
→ These socially marginalized Muslims have, in some cases, migrated from where they
lived, leading to the ghettoization of their communities.
Ghettoization: A ghetto is an area or place inhabited primarily by people from a
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particular community. This can be for various social, cultural and economic reasons.
[Link] the marginalisation in two or more sentences?
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