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Java Applets Lecture Notes

Java Applets are programs that run in web browsers, extending the java.applet.Applet class and utilizing a lifecycle managed by the browser. Key lifecycle methods include init(), start(), stop(), and destroy(), with output displayed through the paint(Graphics g) method. Applets can be embedded in HTML and utilize layout managers for component positioning, although the APPLET tag is deprecated in modern Java.

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9 views1 page

Java Applets Lecture Notes

Java Applets are programs that run in web browsers, extending the java.applet.Applet class and utilizing a lifecycle managed by the browser. Key lifecycle methods include init(), start(), stop(), and destroy(), with output displayed through the paint(Graphics g) method. Applets can be embedded in HTML and utilize layout managers for component positioning, although the APPLET tag is deprecated in modern Java.

Uploaded by

Beghin Bose
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Java Applets - Lecture Notes

1. Applet Basics
- An Applet is a Java program that runs in a web browser or applet viewer. - Unlike standalone
applications, applets do not require a main() method. - Applets are typically used for creating
interactive features for web applications. - They extend the [Link] class and override its
lifecycle methods.

2. Applet Architecture
- Applet architecture is based on a lifecycle managed by the browser or applet viewer. - Important
lifecycle methods: • init(): Called once for initialization. • start(): Called each time the applet is
started. • stop(): Called when the user leaves the page. • destroy(): Called just before the applet is
terminated. - The Applet class is a subclass of the AWT Panel class, which allows GUI elements.

3. Applet Skeleton
A basic skeleton of an applet: import [Link]; import [Link]; public class
MyApplet extends Applet { public void init() { // initialization code } public void start() { // start code }
public void stop() { // stop code } public void destroy() { // cleanup code } public void paint(Graphics
g) { [Link]("Hello Applet", 20, 20); } }

4. Applet Display Method


- The display of output in an applet is handled by the paint(Graphics g) method. - It is automatically
called whenever the applet needs to be redrawn. - Example: [Link]("Message", x, y); - The
repaint() method can be used to refresh the applet, which calls update() and then paint().

5. Requesting Repainting
- repaint() is used to request a redraw of the applet. - When repaint() is called, update(Graphics g)
is executed, which clears the background and then calls paint(). - Useful for dynamic or animated
graphics.

6. HTML Tag
- Applets are embedded in HTML documents using the tag. - Syntax: - Attributes: • code: Name of
the compiled .class file • width, height: Size of the display area • align, alt, name: Optional attributes
- (Note: In modern Java, is deprecated.)

7. Passing Parameters to an Applet


- Parameters are passed using inside the APPLET tag. - Example: - The applet can retrieve
parameter values using getParameter("name").

8. Layout Managers
- Layout managers control the positioning of components inside an applet. - Common layout
managers: • FlowLayout: Places components left to right, wrapping to next line. • BorderLayout:
Divides container into five regions (N, S, E, W, Center). • GridLayout: Divides container into
equal-sized cells. - Example: setLayout(new FlowLayout());

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