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The document discusses various reproductive processes in organisms, including asexual reproduction methods such as fission, budding, and spore formation. It highlights the importance of genetic variation and adaptation in species, as well as the mechanisms of sexual reproduction in flowering plants. Additionally, it addresses human reproductive health, menstruation, and contraception methods.
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+ Rapnoduchon ;
Serica WIOlOgi CAL procemd oy LOHAC -
= Wing organisms prrocce Mave Ma -
of Ma saws Sspeden milan fo Mmamseve), -
= - Kmportrance :— :
4: Ensure conruindy of a ponicwlon OPpeseD,-
2 Gearen gendhe voriahhon whic Jeady to-
gS faniliry a a Specie. ;
3 Helps in evolulion af a pened.
ag * Vosviovionw i
» THR diggengncen in Tous among ind-
= Hividiols af a Speude> commed' by aehc
change>
+ Tmportonce i
3” Hel speien adapt to enviroment aQ change,
2 Provide stability ro speciled & helps Ir
A 2yDWh On. 2
a Provika repistance fo duncanen,4 Helps adjust to differant habitus & 7
__ SOniVioud. E Cc
5: Vaniahon i DNA owsults' In tHe vorueleD af}
Specless and Gormayion Of, N2UO Specie. ce
Asernuog Reproduction :
Single parent is ened a Tale
is No gamle Jocmohion occu. Cc
“No Rennhiizawon.
* Offroprungs On gensrhicawly idenhkcal ne
| he panank. eE
* Fission (cell division) m4
* For uniceulan organisms,
*Momny backtnia & protozoa Simply
Split into Lequo® holwen dusk Risston.
“Amoeba me splitting af TH tp cella. &
Cor Farka place in Ony Planr.
ps SOmMR UW.O. SHOW organisation of Main E
bodied , an sean in L2iSh Mania (Kala-aaan
Which howe a vohip-liRe Ssrruchune af one
Crd of MWe ce. Binoow Qission occurs i
in, dohinive orientohon in relation to Hue Skauchuep
*Monalal Ponosibe ) Plasmodium = mulligle Biss;
* Yeosst — pulS ont swat’ puds that sepena—. ee grow further.
' Fraqgmentonor
* An organism brearD up Intd Sma)
=a pieced Upor. mahwabhon , and each pice
develops into a naw inclividuad.
"Tid pnocerd occwid In mudicedturan
(Simple) organisma Wok can regenrape
lost pants.
* Eq= Spirogyra breaka into smaklerr
Ppiecam Upore maturation . Thswe piece
grow MrO nav iIndiniduoln.
a a} () | Fragment a
ry IC _ wm
WT ST Q] Freannnt. 2
+ Regenernanor
= © TQ me MaiviaUAR is cuk/broken into
Many PiecewD many af Mhene piecen gow
into seperate individuals.
+ Regenration is cannied out by Saeed
ced&n.
+ Simpie animal like Hydra & Planania
con be cust into any number of pie 2:
i
‘Pe
f
8
:
3
°
8
2
A
'
3ae “Budding /
[ Organiem Such ab Hydna Ube regen
Qnative cen for Pepnodiachor in thi pa
‘Th Hydna ya bud develops as an onrgros
AUS fo repeated cede division ak one oe
Site, dan bs
‘Thane budn dmelop iW tiny indi
OnE vohan Quily mahww , darach from me
Paint body Y become new inde
VW N\A STeteues ©
en J/ *
] I Bud Ta
"Spore Qormation ie
ee
+The porimt organism produced Hny
Sporea Mak grow into new individuals
under Rowounable Condi Hon. =
+ Sreps t—-
The Pangenk organism Awmelops threads
THR Struchwi called Ay phae.
2 Tmy blob -on a SHck ShuUCchueD appear
which ant 4poran gia,
3-Trpicta Mx sporangia Spores ang Rormsd,SS 4. Rs Wren Makurg,Mr2 SporanguUnrr
bunp's releaning ones into Wet Suse unding
y Under Sovounable condilionn (moishuy”
swonmih) ;each Dpore QotMinaley —
nro a new RAMZOpUm individuok. ©
Eq Rnizopun (bread moukd reproduces ~
Hnoughn Spore formahon. Ths hyphat —
Arows on moist break swnile sporangia
Teleabes Gpored fo Borm new mowd |
coloviep.
a
Sporangia
bu oo
> Hy PRA
=. Waaetawa propaga lore
+ The miamowt af Producing nes plants
prom vegeronve pous . {i
=A Advantages +—
4: Used in layering | grabhng to grow
Plonis like S&JancCuntyrosen ) ATaped
= bean Pwits WA Plowend eantier than |
Hose produrcech from seeclo. ;
=4 >. Propagaion o® plant Mak howe f
Jost Me capadhy to Produce Seeds i
rywr
Such ap bonana ,rose , \Adming onde
Crange, i me {ie
3A plants pmnoducedk ane genrhically
Similan enowh fo me parunt plant Ie
fo howe its chomachenishcs,
“Budd apnoduced in Mea norched alone f=
M2 leah mangin af Brgophylium teh ge
Orn m2 Soil & Aevelop int neo plows,
—_—— SE bude WE
| - : oa —! = M4, ok
= ; ye
~~ i
* Sepak Rapnoduchon
eater cen Rat ee
*TUso ponsnts ans involved. TR
+ Gnamalt formation Occund.
+ Fenilisovion occurs. AR
“OPDRUnAS Bormed ans gensicolly US= |
SES advange :— :
gt oes ang producech QuMong Mig +
Progeny, "a
TJ 2 Such poputatiows ons able to adapt -
5 weal FO chanaing ermwiromant and
Minn evolven fapten. -
= S.R. in Flowening Plants ~
Borie ne gees erect
= from anther fo stigma aba flower. r
+ Unisenuah Rlovoerw — Contain eithon —
BH stumm(moke 2) oF pisvil Gemake AP) ©
+ Bisenuok Plowens — Contuind bom.—
+ Egi- bar
4: Uniserural : Papaya | watermelon. =
2: Bisennak * Hibiscuo | Mudtesid. e
*Typen af pollinahon :— E
“a: Selg- pollinahon t Tronn Ren a% pollen in—
M2 Some Slovoen.
2 Cross- pollinahon + Tranb pen of pollen —
We
from ont flower fo onoman.
* Pants a Qlowen s-— =
— Aho 8i a
4: Sepod : usvrosly green. & provide proliF
~ecion to Slower duning bud stage. a
2 Perad : Brightly comowwd and hone
Svong fragrance fo altrog polnators. ie
3 Antrhan: Produaced Pollen Grand aaa
Conaisig mol® qgameten.
4-Filamank + Forma he sok hot beans
§-SHqma : Received pollen grain dai
Pollinakion.
6- Style = Elongared struct vohich conndds
sigma y ovary + m!
T+ Ovary? Bosa® SWOllOn Pork of
PISK , COnvents Ino Druk afer ReuiilcanMle
8-Ovuse : Prepen® inside ovoryy j connists
AR Remake gometen sie of Pantlisavion,
+Grenminoton 15 Mme Ax&ve lopment a’
Seed mro seedlings uncdlan preererre
Cond hons.
sAgenre of POLlinanon +— B®
4° Wind ,WatenZygok — embryo
Ovude —» seek
Ovany —> Buse
pe 5 SeAAD. STOUVL STYLE
— shrivel & oP.
. Srees of poltinakon i— | : .
ge The pollen lanza on a swituble SHgma,
2A prrbe grows ouk of Me pollen
B grain & hanes Mnovugh Me sryle
- tO reach M2 Ovary.
3 Agren Qenhlisavion , Zygor Aiviclan
Sevenoh Kms YO Horm an embryo
bwoimhiwn m2 ovudsd.
Hy. THe seed crroinn Ma Quhww plant
A Or embryo Lolich Reovelops Into A
Seedling upder appropruast OnANo nw.
S-Thio arocemd iS Renown an genmiahioChildhood Y Adulthood. 4
+ Puberty is ha pariod detng STF
SOMU0LQ Matunokor. occund (R. HeSUsD
begin FO mahunz) ,leacking to ceprodanciv
copablinye sy se _ i
* Common cChangeD
4: Wick hair in aonmpits on qeniroln. Ee
2 Dankaning of Mane pasts. ;
3: Thinnen hair on anmpyleas & face. =
4: SRin becoman oily, davelops plmplen.
«Th boys i—
1 THick Horr grown on Jack
2: Voie begms ro cack.
3: Perus beco men ensorrgecd & enecr.
Tw gicls 2
4:Breant Size Increonen
2: Donkuring of mappien of ma Kp a WH
breasts.
PARR PP RP=a AU of Wusme Changep ant anpects
OB semwol makunolion.
*Moke genm cell —» Sperm
+ Femoke qenm cekt —+ Eggs /Ovum
+ Male Raproduchye System
* Organ | Locohon Funcnon
4+ Teneo [In We Scrotum Produce spon
Secrek ep lepienont,
2: Scrotum | Outsidd Hy abdoniys Mantoins a
~a% comity. Lowen temp. Jor
Spenm prrodbachon.
3 Van -Adews Gererhabe connsting Transports Stem
epididymis fo uultra, (Oo HH UNathnra,
ly. Serrino§, Near bowe af Secreen Shri
Vempicie Mo bladdan. Mok nounisien
5: Bladclen Tr re pelvic egon Srorep wring |
=. Urethno Tube enendirg Conveys spenm & -
from bladdun-penis, unint Bor chischangg,-
7 Penis Entennad organ Deposits gperm into."
=
=4 Pra VORiOo § disp |
= : ‘H+» Blad don
Prostaie Glond
3
*OrgarL Locakon Funciorn.
h: Ovany lowen abdomen Producen pemals
Cirhar sida of Wiens QariwieD, Secrebem
Tube from side afukun Sie Jor Serhlisoson.
3- Wenun Pelvic Conny Hounen § Suppoitsy =
PavQloeS embryo,
4-@rviae Nasuiovs lower Sepanaten VOQ ina - We
font aR UleuD Dilakes dunba birth
o oMove Ha felun
leowe tua Went,
5 Vougina entenda fprom Poadagewoy Rec pene
Cerwing Fo Mk & minphual glow. AS
extennod body M2 birne conad. |=
= Ovicluct / Fatlopian ¢————
Ube
Ovary,
Uren ws ———
=
=a Corvin €
= Nogircast—J
* Spenma enienr Ma vagina hunting
Miencousrtae b hronek fo Wa Pooptan
rue.
+ TR Spe mes Mia ega, Lentiisavon
—j occurs , Borning a zygoR.
+ Zygor aividen ro Porm an embryo ,
hich implants in Me uterun.,
* Tha plocanto (seedol vissu2) proviclan.— |
4: NUurikon (glucose, onygenr)
SB iz Remover wank Sriom He embryo.
+ Pregnancy lopts for Abouk Amonny,
* Chiid birm accwids ‘Hhrowgh rhythrud |
—4 conkadinns af Whe Wenn.
=
om
+*Nulviion to Embryo
‘Placenta is a dine which is
MW Maa urering Loorkh.
~Et containd villi on Me Embryos side re
of Ma Hssue. c
“Th lining of Me Wen hike &
1S ridhdy supplied voit. blood to nowrishges
We growing embryo.
The villi provida O langenr surge oll
peor nubrikon § oWYQer 1O Pond from gee
Moa morusn Fo See
sWwantre SubSronces producech “u-
f TWamevehd Yrnorgh Md Placenta fhto
Ma moms blood. |
SsMenntrruction
“TH Bermlirovion doe not Occur,
/ HL 294 sunvives for albouk ang doy TE
_-Th2 Ulenud Pr Lpanrs its Vring “3
_ every monkh. or Possible Pregnahey. KK
TR HZ 2g9q is Not PerWlizeck ste wert
E lining breakD down p is enpeleR Hno
2 Vaging, R&R
Thin pmocenn (6 catled nienn rugio
ai i i i yh SN i -=)
— whith lants er ono 2-8 days
3 Thad mitndlruok cycle TLAPeaTS roughly
=
=
everuy Us dlays.
* Menonche : ll- IZ year
+ Mensrruaion : 127 SO yearn
+ Menopampe . 50 t yeand
+ ROpnoduchve heokih
+ Ts is rhe ovencd® wellseng of art
SH individot in al anpects.
* Sennolly Transmined O1SeoDeD ont
— inferrons Pwared Prom ons prev
=
=F
ho anon Mmrouqn SO2MOL COWIE,
Badcieniol : Gonorrhea , Syphilis
Virah + HEV-ATOS, Grenitak Wangs
j +» Contrace phon
» Memodin| devices Used Yo pisvenk
= | Pragnond. Method +—
4: Puysical Basotien t—
» To Pwwenk union of PpeErM & 2@qG-
« Proledion jront STOs.
© use af, condoms )dtaphgroms Y cervicos caps,boon to preven® eqq yaleane.
“Con cause Sidi BHects,
a-Tnrratekoung Dewicen .—
* Coppenr—T [Loop Placed In Ulan to prev
PrUgrandy.
"Con Compe irritahon.
4+ Sungical Methods
“Also coled Stenilizanow vopecororay
Mn VoD Aafenwaz of makd is bio
Th Meecromy stir fotloplan hoe
of Remake iS blockad fo Pravenkt
C94 YO reach ulerud.
-ONA +A molewle Mak
CAMTUeD genic infermahonr
*Crromavin : A gensic mated a ee
composech AQ DNASRNA & Polen .
+Crmomosomge + Thrvack= like .
Isrruchwu Mok cosy gendic
Ino, Grom one gen tO Me nah
*Gene : Segment of DNA
Mak contains indiruchonn
for a spedfic trait.