अंतिम प्रहार

Tick (✓) the correct statement and cross (×) the wrong one.

2. The animals living in polar regions have thick fur on their body.

3. Streamlined body of the aquatic animals increases

 Fill in the blanks.

1. Dolphins and whales are two aquatic animals that breathe through lungs.
2. Camels have hump on their back where fat is stored.
3. Arboreal animals have sharp claws to climb up and down the branches.
4. Scavengers feed on the flesh of dead animals.
5. A chameleon can change its colour according to the surroundings.
6. Work is done when a body moves through a distance on applying a force on it.
7. A simple machine is a tool that makes our work easy.
8. Energy is the ability to do work.
9. A pulley is made from a wheel and a rope.
10. A screw looks like a nail with grooves cut into it.
11. Land gets cools down faster than water.
12. The change in weather occurs due to the Sun.
13. A very strong wind is called storm.
14. The content of water vapour present in air is called moisture/humidity.
15. The Earth rotates on its axis and completes one rotation in twenty-four hours.
16. The Sun is the centre of the solar system.
17. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun.
18. Planets closer to the Sun take less time to revolve around the Sun.
19. It is summer throughout the year near the equator.
20. The outer core of the Earth is in liquid state.
21. Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air.
22. Droughts are caused by deforestation.
23. In rural areas, biogas is used as fuel.
24. Van Mahotsava is celebrated in the first week of July every year.
25. Animals are killed for their fur, meat or leather.
 State True or False. Also, correct the false statement.

1. Things can move without any force acting on them.

False, things or objects move from their place on applying a force.

2. A simple machine changes the direction of force and does the work with less
effort. (T)

3. Any moving object possesses some energy called potential energy.

False, moving objects have kinetic energy.

4. Energy in food indirectly comes from the Sun. (T)

5. Force, work and energy are interrelated. (T)

6. The Moon is a star.

False, Moon is the natural satellite of the Earth.

7. India’s first artificial satellite was Bhaskara.

False, India's first artificial satellite was Aryabhata.

8. The varying amount of the sunlight and the tilt of the Earth’s axis cause
seasons.(T)

9. Life was originated on the Earth after millions of years of its evolution. (T)

10. The inner core of the Earth is solid. (T)

 Match the following columns.

Column A Column

1. Tiger (a) aerial animal

2. Human beings (b) arboreal animal

3. Cow (c) carnivore

4. Monkey (d) omnivore

5. Eagle (e) herbivore

Column A Column B

1. Wedge (a) simple machine

2. Wind (b) pressing a balloon

3. Sun (c) knife

4. Broom (d) movement of air

5. Work (e) ultimate energy source

Column A Column B

1. Fog (a) continuous flow of water

2. Filtration (b) kills germs

3. Water cycle (c) removal of insoluble impurities

4. Revolution (d) blanket of clouds over land or water

5. Chlorination (e) change of seasons

Column A Column B

1. Source of heat and light (a) Mercury

2. Middle layer of the Earth (b) Rockets

3. Devices used to launch spacecraft (c) Sun

4. Smallest planet (d) Orbit

5. Path around which a planet moves (e) Mantle

Column A Column B

1. Oxygen (a) festival of trees

2. Van Mahotsava (b) endangered animal

3. Panda (c) green plants

4. Carnivores (d) plantation of trees in large number

5. Afforestation (e) component of food chain

 Give Short Answer.

1. What is a habitat ?
Ans. The place where an organism lives is called its habitat. It supplies the things that the
organism needs to survive.

2. What do you mean by adaptation ?

Ans. The change a living being makes in its body features and behaviour in order to survive in
a habitat is called adaptation.

3. What is migration ?
Ans. The seasonal movement of animals from one region to another to avoid harsh weather
conditions and find food, shelter and to breed, is called migration.

4. What is camouflage ?
Ans. Blending with their surroundings by some animals to protect themselves from the
predators is known as camouflage.

5. What are arboreal animals ?

Ans. Terrestrial animals like monkey, koalas, bear, lizard, opossum which spend most of their
time on trees are called arboreal animals.

6. What is the relation between force and work ?

Ans. Work is defined as the product of force applied on an object and the distance covered by
that object i.e.,Work = Force × distance covered by the object.

7. Which kind of simple machine is a nail cutter ?

Ans. It is a type of lever.

8. What is gravity ?
Ans. The force that pulls down all objects downwards towards the Earth is called gravity.
9. Why do we need energy ?
Ans. We need energy to do all our activities. In other words, we are able to do any kind of
work due to energy.

10. What is generated utilizing the energy of falling water ?

Ans. The energy of falling water called hydroenergy is used to generate electricity.

11. What is sedimentation ?

Ans. The process of settling down of heavy insoluble impurities present in water is called
sedimentation

12. What causes the movement of air ?

Ans. The uneven heating of the Earth by the Sun, causes the movement of air.

13. What is frost ?

Ans. When it is very cold, the dew as surface water freezes into tiny white crystals called frost.

14. What happens to the rate of evaporation with temperature?

Ans. Rate of evaporation increases with temperature.

15. When does sea breeze blow ?

Ans. The sea breeze blows during the daytime.

16. What is the sequence of planets according to their distance from the Sun ?
Ans. The sequence of planets according to their distance from the Sun is: Mercury, Venus,
Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

17. What is a terrestrial planet ?

Ans. The planets are called terrestrial planets made up of rocks and metals.
18. Which planets are made of gases ?
Ans. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are made of gases.

19. Name the natural satellite of the Earth.

Ans. Moon is the natural satellite of the Earth.

20. How days and nights are caused ?

Ans. Rotation of the Earth causes day and night. The part of the Earth that receives sunlight
has day while the other part away from the Sun has night.

21. How do trees prevent soil erosion ?

Ans. The roots of trees bind soil and thus prevent soil erosion.

22. What is deforestation ?

Ans. Cutting down of trees on a large scale is called deforestation.

23. When is World Environment Day observed ?

Ans. The 'World Environment Day' is observed on June 5 every year.

24. Why do people kill animals ?

Ans. People kill animals for their fur, meat and leather or for making jewellery.

25. Name some animals living in the trees.

Ans. Monkey, birds, squirrels, etc. are some animals that live on the trees.
 Give Long Answer.

1. Write any three adaptive features of

Ans. (a) Terrestrial animals:
(i) They breath through lungs.
(ii) They have strong legs to walk and run fast.
(iii) They have well-developed nervous system to sense the changes around their
surroundings.

(b) Amphibians:
(i) Their strong back legs help them to hop and jump on land.
(ii) Their webbed feet help them swim in water.
(iii) They breathe with the help of lungs on land and through their moist skin in water.

(c) Aerial animals:

(i) They have hollow bones which make their body light.
(ii) One set of their limbs are modified into wings to help them fly.
(iii) They havestreamlined body to cut through the air easily.

(d) Aquatic animals:

(i) Aquatic animals breath through their gills, except dolphins and whales.
(ii) They have fins or paddles which help them to swim.
(iii) They have a streamlined body which reduces friction while swimming in water.
2. How do animals adapt to protect themselves from enemies ?
Ans. Many animals have some unique features that help them to protect themselves from
their enemies. Some features are mentioned below:
(a) Camouflage: This makes it difficult for predators to spot the animals.
(b) Fast movement: Some animals have very strong legs with which they are able to run very
fast.
(c) Large body size: Animals like elephants and whales are too tough to be eaten by other
animals due to their large body size.
(d) Shells and spines: Animals like crabs and turtles have a shell which protect their body.
(e) Venom and stings: Bees, snakes and scorpion have a venomous bite or sting, which keeps
their enemies away from them.

3. What are various adaptive features of a camel that help it to survive in the deserts ?
have broad padded feet to move on
sand.
fat. It gives them energy when they do not get food or
water for many days.
4. What are different categories of animals on the basis of their food habits ? Describe in brief.
Ans. Based on the food they eat, animals can be herbivores,carnivores, omnivores, scavengers
and parasites.
(a) Herbivores: Plants eating animals or herbivores have sharp front teeth for biting and
cutting. They also have very strong teeth for grinding to chew the plants. Example: Deer, cow,
goat.
(b) Carnivores: Flesh eating animals or carnivores have long sharp teeth to tear the flesh of
prey. Their sharp claws help to hold the prey. Example: Lion, tiger, eagle.
(c) Omnivores: Animals which eat both plants and the flesh of other animals are called
omnivores. Example:Human beings, crow, bear.
(d) Scavengers: Animals which feed on the flesh of dead animals are called scavengers.
Example: Hyena, vulture, hawk.
(e) Parasites: Parasites live on or inside the body of other living organisms (hosts). They get
their food by sucking blood from the hosts. Example: Tapeworm, roundworm and hookworm.

5. What changes can a force bring about? Mention any three with example.
Ans. A force can bring following changes on applying on an object
push a ball lying on the ground, its moves
in the direction of force.
example, the speed of a car changes on
applying brakes.
change the shape and size of the object. For example, the shape of a balloon changes
on pressing it.

6. What causes friction ? Is friction useful or harmful to us ? Give reason.

Ans. Friction is caused when the surface of an object comes in contact with the surface of
another friction is both useful and harmful to us. Without friction, it would be impossible to
walk. But friction also causes wear and tear in machines.
7. Why do we need machines ? How does a simple machine make our work easy ?
Ans. We need a simple machine to make our job easier and faster. It changes the direction of
force and does the work with less effort or force.

8. Describe three sources of energy. What is the use of energy derived from these sources ?
Ans. Energy is obtained from different sources. There are three main source of energy are Sun,
wind and water.
(a) Sun: The main source of energy on the Earth is the Sun. The energy we get from the Sun is
called solar energy. This energy can be used to generate electricity.
(b) Wind: Wind is another source of energy. Any moving body possesses some energy. The
kinetic energy of wind is used to generate electricity.
(c) Water: Water is also an important source of energy. Moving water possesses a lot of
energy. This energy called hydroenergy, is used to generate electricity.

9. What is evaporation ? Which factors affect the rate of evaporation ?

Ans. Change of water into water vapour due to the heat of the Sun is affected by is called
evaporation. The rate of evaporation the following factors:
(a) Wind: Evaporation is faster when the weather is windy.
(b) Temperature: Evaporation is faster when the temperature is high.
(c) Dry air: Evaporation is faster when the air is dry.
(d) Surface area: Evaporation is faster if the exposed surface are of the liquid is large.

10. How are clouds formed ? When do we get rain ?

Ans. When water evaporates, its vapour rises up. The water vapour cools as it goes up and
changes into tiny droplets. These droplets join to form clouds. When the clouds become heavy
enough with water, they cannot hold the water more and fall down as rain.
11. What is the difference between sea breeze and land breeze ?
Ans. Sea Breeze
(a) The movement of breeze from the sea towards the land is called sea breeze.
(b) It blows during the day.

Land Breeze
(a) The movement of breeze from the land towards the sea is called land breeze
(b) It blows during the night.

12. What are the different ways of removing impurities from water ?
Ans. Water has insoluble and soluble impurities, insoluble impurities in water can be removed
the method of sedimentation, decantation and filtration. Soluble impurities can be removed
by boiling water or adding some chemicals like chlorine or bleaching powder or potassium
permanganate to it.

13. What do you mean by solar system ?

Ans. The solar system comprises the Sun (our nearest star) and everything that orbits around
it. This includes the eight planets and their natural satellite (such as our Moon), dwarf planets
and their satellites and many other heavenly objects.

14. What is the difference between a planet and a satellite ?

Ans. Planets
(a) Planets move around the Sun or any other star.
(b) Planets are natural.

Satellite
(a) Satellites move around the planets.
(b) Satellites can be natural or artificial.
15. How are seasons occurred ? Explain with a diagram.
Ans. We have seasons because the Earth is titled on its [Link] means that the Earth is always
pointing to one side as it goes around the Sun. So different parts of the Earth point towards or
away from the Sun at different times of the year. The part that is forward the Sun, has
summer, while the other part away from it has winter.

16. What are the effects of deforestation ?

Ans. The effects of deforestation are given below:
(a) Soil erosion
(b) Less or no rainfall
(c) Loss of habitat of many plants and animals
(d) Droughts

17. Describe any three ways to save trees.

Ans. Trees can be saved by following some simple tips:
(a) Plant more trees than those cut down.
(b) Do not waste paper because many trees are cut to produce paper. Programmes like Van
Mahotsava, tree plantation should be encouraged.

18. How do plants and animals maintain the balance of nature ?

Ans. Plants and animals depend on each other for their food and form a food chain, in which
each organism consumes the other. If this food chain is disturbed, the balance between plants
and animals also disrupts. For example, killing of carnivores (flesh-eating animals) would lead
to an increase in the number of herbivorous (plant eating animals ) which in turn would affect
the plants of the forest. And killing of herbivores would lead to increase in the number of
carnivores. Due to lack of food in the forest, they would come out from there to human
settlements and destroy them.
19. Why do we need to save wildlife ?
Ans. We need to save wildlife to save many species that live in the forests. Because they are
continuously being killed by humans to fulfil their greed.

20. How can we keep our planet green ?

Ans. We can keep our planet green by following some preventing measures like
(a) Plantation more and more tree to avoid soil erosion.
(b) Reducing the waste papers.
(c) Recycling the things to avoid the wastage.
(d) Burning less fuel.
(e) Avoiding the use of plastic bags and water bottles.

Thank You

&

Best Of Luck