EVOLUTION ZOOLOGY Lecture -§ : By- SAMAPTI MAM A Mag Frinet ble: ( a Brim): Tr a LuRge, PAnmetic Crandomly) meting Physics Walls, obulation allelic frequenc or re 4reay ei CONSTANT Reeemsaand nite on tL that ofula tton ia 4 free ror + Natural Selection, Meong in such Bofulation ovesty) « ene ‘mutali Ao EVoLuTION occURg discuss] \ © Tr Roving famute Jomakf'Velukenaw t Li Yenekic recotbination Forces De existe in Cenelte cquiltibwe + “Gene Mi veeen f 7 frenetic O41 Moe Quimpauml GENE POOL congtamt a Frerhon ster gal Gere ook: Gore tokal of alt Qirms & thete alee ina foun 5 Hee Arma form of fee > Mathemabical exfres sion iver Jov_H-w equilibeium: A fon gifen Jo a Allelic Pre queng elie of Dominant oUlele a e ques ' feay ° Yeccessive CaN (0) (ps iF LA ~salotta eqilibriom r Qorninan t vecesst allele. Allele P Mean evolobien, enedtnokubic Preqvency, of [Link] recessive ©! af Peyeng ES Classroom: Tobal 10-4 bude al —_ hremoy aous Derrinent vou sda | (I cot Prayer ete Vente , on a et ie mt a Fequen “fstaten tin a) a) Chowlbte: + Oe only Ao GY Tndtvidval adkedin a +e ae /— Sod Qoale moving ovk Prom Lion obo frldtion Lanter’ sever el “Poflalion (ete flew: 38 tn a Hobleter : oe Boel multe Ye. (euelic Belg: Sm Small Heol ated Bo foebion , Yon dom vom bom Logs of o {genes ‘la 2 ay Pes Sewall- Deg EMfect (moin Nerd © founder effect @© Bottleneck ejectFounder's elect Dotgfeal Geek waking ancestor Bird (mall Blac’ Some Drea keGelake t, aay ave kla = aS Pounnes's POPLL ATION SS [ a Eventuol aefending of the 008" bey Me | : a fecies fprmedeventvally Nema ( eed coling ancestor Bird) a Grttleneck feck: Lanier Lose of fers {prom fopulatien ave to Natural Caleta r hunting ele Tr Due te exceadiVe human huntin ———G Chua ein Dl fobotetion: (Billed the Chive ‘Original alton Ove bo a eee { Bastin Foro Rep ( ele the Ne Bottle) ‘ Agene locus has two alleles A and a. If the frequency of cone allele Q's [Link] the frequency of homozygous s and OTTIOZy gous recessive individuals in the population is, Soalas ; 0.48(Aa); .36 (aa, OD {p}a18 ‘AA){0.24(Aa); 0.36(aa, ( 0.16(AA); 0.36(Aa); 0.48(aa, QA d) 0.36(AA); 0.48(Aa); 0.16(aa) ae ICA) e042 p PY -0-16 qe 06 ~ 4 0-36 pq = Axo-6xo:CIPLE UO eee cee ao ene) eee Ina give alleles of a gei Preece ect iat renee one re tee ‘This principle says that allel SEG) oon Perce eer eee ee ens Exe en eRe Tie frequencies I 1) Individual Poe eee een Praia) Pret coe hits tes Peereiineney FOOT ESS Scere aT er enn ot cc Se ete eZ Sere ean Pere eee eat eM Tse Se Waab lite Ra Ration ‘The evolubion of diferent Sfectes in a given eo prathieal area, Starkin ‘ror o foint : Neva ey bo Vari ova qeaty habitat 4 DARWIN ELN CHES Some Treecr ecame NUT ea king: VALACENTAL MAMMALS in AUSTRALIA, V AUSTRALIAN MaARGUPIALE ( Povche a Mammal) Some. emeCactus — Neckar. eatin eatin * Kao vefresent: DIVERGENT evouthPlacenlal mammaly Mw M Lekme FI doula Beyond Nos & ) yao | Mole ena Bobeat NLL Un teatey ; , i quine Spotted eed Anteater(Nombayy Cocus meh ml BRSUPIALS> Alasentel...4. Mewbiak.. Mole 1 —Plorsufial Mole Conversence- Holeaterr—phu tbat pe iMacsv pial “| ovge emer ie etted Cuseus) Sing § uel tat Flying Phalange Rob: Catt—§_ffa¢maten Tigew( Nol (_STasmanian Tasmanian. Tren Thakabaer Teer cnr Nolr ‘hen amore than 1 Odabbive ra Biot: -on radiation occure thw Greain a Gen Kime: Members ma sina ont fvowunonren tinMatch List | with List Il. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 1-1-8, IID, IV-C. oes Darwin's Theory of] A. List Species evolve Evolution {through gradual, slow] changes Il |lamarck’s Theory of|B. |Species evolve due to Evolution jpherited acquired traits Ml, |Embryological iC. |Ernst Heckel [support for evolutio#~P™ W_ [Fossil Evidence D. [Provides a chronological record of life forms Statement |: The Big Bang theory explains the origin of the universe through a massive explosion. Statement II: Fossils are found only in the upper layers of sedimentary rocks. @ Both Statement | and Statement Ilare correct. @ AGiemen lis correct, but Statement Is incorrect. ® Statement |is incorrect, but Statement Ilis correct. @) Both statement and statement are incorrect ‘QUESTION "oO The flippers of the Penguins and Dolphins are the example of the nvergent evolution Divergent evolution @ ® Adaptive radiation ® Natural selection a?Regarding the earliest forms of life: 1. The first non-cellular forms of life originated about 3 billion years back. (T I. These non-cellular forms were likely giant molecules like RNA and Protei Ill The first cellular forms of life originated about 2000 million years ago and were probably single-cells. © \V. All early life forms existed only in a water environment. Which of statements are correct? @ Mineman re @ ll, and tl only : @ 4 andwonty @ 4 land.i-only Statement Il: The rate of appearance of new forms is not linked to the life cycle or the life span. © Both Statement | and Statement Il are correct. Statement lis correct, but Statement lis incorrect. Statement | is incorrect, but Statement Il is correct. eo Statement land Statement Ilare incorrect. @ According to Hugo de Vries, the mechanism of evolution is: 1 Mutt Saltation | Phenotypic variations @ a Minor mutations le step mutations‘QUESTION Industrial melanism shows “1 pirectional selectional (2 Normal selection erupth . ’ @® Disruptive selection “Oo “4 biversifying selection Genetic drift operates in: @ Large Isolated Population Oe ‘Small isolated Population. : ® Fast reproductive Population Q @®) Slow reproductive Population Directional Selection _. © woregonntocptiovets > Favours intermediate form of traits ©) eliminates uncommon form of actos @ hritts allele frequencies in a steady, consistent direction : & @ ——.Presence of fecessive traits|is(16%) the frequency of dominant allelg in population is: ae = 16-| fC) =p Mee gee we In a population of 1000 individuals 860 belong to genotype Ad) 480 to Aa and remaining (tie rapuneesyatcsies oye oe [aw = 268 — t PY =0-34 prog @® Mutation / @/aondom mating @ sexual seve