Mathematics- IX

7. Triangles
[2 Marks ]

1. In figure BA ⊥ AC, DE ⊥ DF. Such that BA = DE and BF = EC.

Show that ΔABC ≅ ΔDEF.

2. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC and BD and CE

are its two medians. Show that BD = CE.

3. In ΔABC, D is a point on side AC such that DE = DF and AD = CD and DE ⊥ AB at E and

DF ⊥ CB at F, then prove that AB = BC.

4. In ΔRST, RT = 6x – 2. In ΔUVW, UW = 2x + 7, ∠R = ∠U, and ∠S = ∠V. What must be the

value of x in order to prove that ΔRST ≅ ΔUVW ?
 [3 Marks ]

5. In the given figure, AB = AD, AC = AE and ∠BAD = ∠EAC, then prove that BC = DE.

6. In the given figure, PS is median produced upto F and QE and RF are

Perpendiculars drawn from Q and R, prove that QE = RF.

7. In the figure, if PQ=PS, RQ=RS , then show that ΔPQR ≅ ΔPSR and ΔRQT ≅ ΔRST.

8. In the fig. OA = OB, OC= OD and ∠AOB =∠COD. Prove that AC=BD.
 [5 Marks ]
9. If two isosceles triangles have a common base. Prove that the line joining their vertices
bisects them at right angles.
10. In fig. OA=OD and ∠1= ∠2. Prove that ΔOCB is an isosceles triangle.

[ Case Study Based : 4 Marks ]

Truss bridges are formed with a structure of connected elements that form triangular structures
to make up the bridge. Trusses are the triangles that connect to the top and bottom cord and
two end posts. You can see that there are some triangular shapes are shown in the picture given
alongside and these are represented as ΔABC, ΔCAD, and ΔBEA.

(a) If AB = CD and AD = CB, then prove: ΔABC ≅ ΔCDA

(b) If AB = 7.5 m, AC = 4.5 m and BC = 5 m. Find the perimeter of ΔACD, if ΔABC ≅ ΔCDA
by SSS congruence rule.
(c) If ΔABC ≅ ΔFDE, AB = 5 cm, ∠B = 40° and ∠A = 80°. Then find the length of DF and ∠E
 8. Quadrilaterals

[2 Marks ]

1. In a parallelogram, show that the angle bisectors of two adjacent angles intersect at right
angle.
2. Show that the diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular to each other.
3. ABCD is a parallelogram and AP and CQ are perpendiculars from vertices A and C on
diagonal BD (see the below). Show that (i) Δ APB ≅ Δ CQD (ii) AP = CQ

4. In quadrilateral PQRS, if ∠P = 60° and ∠Q:∠R:∠S = [Link], then find the measure of∠S.

[3 Marks ]

5. D, E and F are the mid-points of sides PQ, QR and PR respectively of an equilateral ΔPQR.
Show that Δ DEF is also an equilateral triangle.

6. In the figure, ABCD is a parallelogram. E and F are the mid-points of sides AB and CD
respectively. Show that the line segments AF and EC trisect the diagonal BD.

7. In the figure, BE ⊥ AC. AD is any line from A to BC intersecting BE in H. P, Q and are

respectively the mid-points of AH, AB and BC. Prove that ∠PQR = 90.

8. If the diagonals of a parallelogram are equal, then show that it is a rectangle.

[Link] is a rectangle and P, Q, R and S are mid points of the sides AB, BC, CD and DA
respectively. Show that the quadrilateral PQRS is a rhombus.

[5 Marks ]

10. ABCD is a rhombus and P,Q, R and S are the mid-points of AB, BC, CD and DA respectively.
Prove that the quadrilateral PQRS is a rectangle.

11. In given fig AD is the median of Δ ABC. E is the mid-point of AD. DG II BF. Prove that
AC=3AF.
 9. Circles
[2 Marks ]
1. In the given figure, ∠ADC = 130° and chord BC = chord BE. Find ∠CBE.

2. In the given figure, ΔABC is equilateral. Find ∠BDC and∠BEC.

3. Find the length of a chord which is at a distance of 5 cm from the centre of a circle of
radius 10 cm.

4. AB and CD are equal chords of a circle whose centre is O. If OM ⊥ AB

And ON ⊥ CD, prove that ∠OMN = ∠ONM.
 [3 Marks ]
5. In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle with radius 5 cm. OP⊥ AB, OQ⊥CD,
AB || CD, AB = 6 cm and CD = 8 cm. Determine PQ.

6. Prove that the angle subtended by an arc at the center of a circle is twice the angle
subtended by the same arc at any point on the remaining part of the circle.
7. The sum of either pair of opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180º.
[5 Marks ]
8. Three boys Rohit, Sameer and Tarun are sitting at equal distances from each other on
the boundary of a circular garden. The radius of the circular garden is 40 m. Find their
distances from each other.
9. In Fig. AB and CD are two chords of a circle intersecting each other at point E. Prove that
∠AEC = ½ (Angle subtended by arc CXA at centre + angle subtended by arc DYB at the
centre).
 10. Heron’s Formula
[2 Marks ]
1. The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 32 cm. The ratio of equal side to the
base is 3 : 2 Using Heron’s formula, find the area of triangle.
2. Two adjacent sides of a parallelogram measures 5 cm and 3.5 cm. One of its
diagonal measures 6.5 cm. Find the area of the parallelogram.
3. The sides of a triangular field are 51 m, 37m and 20m. Find the number of rose
beds that can be prepared in the field if each rose bed occupies a space of 6 sq.
m.
[3 Marks ]
4. Two identical circles with same inside design as shown in the figure are to be
made at the entrance. The identical triangular leaves are to be painted red and
the remaining are to be painted green. Find the total area to be painted red.

5. The triangular side walls of a flyover have been used for advertisements. The
sides of the walls are13 m, 14 m, 15 m. The advertisements yield an earning of
Rs. 2000 per m2 a year. A company hired one of its walls for 6 months. How much
rent did it pay?
 [ Case Study Based : 4 Marks ]
6. In my colony a park is situated in front of my house. This park has built in shape
of triangle (ABC)With the following sides 120m, 80m and 50m. Now-a-days,
some animals entered park and destroy And eat plants. So, our ward member of
area has decided to put railing around the park for protecting Plants and grass.
ward member ordered to a gardener to place a railing all around this park and
maintain grass inside park. He also sanctioned an amount to improve park in a
proper way for public Of that colony. Costing is decided Rs. 10 per meter for
railing around the park.

(i) What is the perimeter of the park? [1]

(ii) Calculate the semi-perimeter of triangle park, in which planting is needed? [1]

(iii) Calculate the area, in which planting is needed? [2]

OR

(iv) Find the cost of fencing it with barbed wire at the rate of Rs 20 per metre leaving
a space 3m wide for a gate on one side. [2]
 11. Surface Area and Volume
[2 Marks ]
1. A solid sphere of radius 3 cm is melted and then recast into small spherical balls
each of diameter 0.6 cm. Find the number of small balls thus obtained.
2. The diameters of two cones are equal. If their slant heights are in the ratio 7:4,
find the ratio of their curved surface area.
3. The radius and height of a cone are in the ratio 4 : 3. The area of the base is 154
cm2. Find the area of the curved surface. (Useπ =22/7)
4. A cloth having area of 165 m2 is shaped in the form of a conical tent of radius 5m.
Find the volume of it?
[3 Marks ]
5. A shot put is a metallic sphere of radius 4.9cm. If the density of the metal is
7.8 g per cm3. Find the mass of the shot put.
6. There are two cones, the curved surface area of one cone is twice that of the
other. The slant height of later is twice that of the former. Find the ratio of
their radii.

7 .The internal and external diameters of hollow hemispherical vessel are 24 cm

and 25 cm respectively. If the cost of painting 1cm2surface area is Rs. 0.05,
Find the total cost of painting the vessel all over.
[5 Marks ]
8. The surface area of a sphere of radius 5 cm is five times the area of the curved

surface area of a cone of radius 4cm. Find the height of the cone.
9. A corn cub shaped some what like a cone, has the radius of its broadest end as
2.1 cm and length (height) as 20 cm. If each 1cm2 of the curved surface carries an
average of four grains, find how many grains you would find on the entire corn
hub .
 [Link]
1.

2.

3.

4. The runs scored by two teams A and B on the first 42 balls in a cricket match are
given below. Draw the frequency polygon on the same graph.
 Math Solution Key -IX
7. Triangles
[2 Marks ]
1. Solution:
According to the question, BA ⊥ AC, DE ⊥ DF
Such that BA = DE and BF = EC.
In, ΔABC and ΔDEF
BA = ED [Given]
BF = EC [Given]
∠A = ∠D [Both 90°]
Now, BF = EC [Given]
BF + FC = EC + FC
BC = EF
∴ ΔABC ≅ΔDEF [By RHS Congruence Rule]
2. Solution:
Given: AB = AC
Also, BD and CE are two medians
∴ E is the mid-point of AB
D is the mid-point of AC
Hence ½ AB = ½ AC
BE = CD
In ΔBEC and ΔCDB
BE = DC [Given]
∠EBC = ∠DCB [Angles opposite to equal sides are equal]
BC = BC [Common]
Hence, ΔBEC ≅ ΔCDB [By SAS congruence rule]
BD = CE [By CPCT]
3. Solution:
In ΔAED and ΔCFD,
AD = CD
DE = DF
ΔAED ≅ ΔCFD [By RHS congruence rule]
∠A = ∠C
∴ AB = BC [Sides opposite to equal angles are equal]
4. Solution:

[3 Marks ]

5. Solution:
It is given that ∠BAD = ∠EAC
Thus, by adding ∠DAC to both sides of this equation,
we get
∠BAD + ∠DAC = ∠EAC + ∠DAC (∠DAC is common)
∠BAC = ∠DAE
In ΔBAC and ΔDAE,
AB = AD (Given)
∠BAC = ∠DAE (Proven above)
AC = AE (Given)
∴ ΔBAC ≅ΔDAE (By SAS congruence rule)
∴ BC = DE (By CPCT)

6. Proof: In ΔQES and ΔRFS

∠E = ∠F ( Each of 90°)
∠QSE= ∠RSF ( vertically opposite angles)
QS = RS. (Given as PS is median)
ΔQES≅ΔRFS
∴QE = RF. (CPCT)
7. Proof:

8 . Proof:
 9 Proof:

10. Proof:
 [ Case Study Based : 4 Marks ]

Ans. (a) In ΔABC and ΔCDA,

AB = CD [Given]
AD = CB [Given]
AC = CA [common]
So by SSS congruence rule, ΔABC ≅ΔCDA

(b) Given that ΔABC ≅ΔCDA [By SSS congruence rule]

So, Perimeter of ΔABC = Perimeter of ΔCDA
( 7.5 m + 4.5 m + 5 m) = Perimeter of ΔCDA
The required perimeter of ΔCDA = 17 m.

© Given, ΔABC ≅ΔFDE and AB = 5cm,

∠B = 40°
∠A = 80°
Since, ΔFDE ≅ΔABC
DF = AB [By CPCT]
DF = 5cm
And ∠E = ∠C
∠E = ∠C = 180°– (∠A + ∠B) [By Angle Sum Property of a DABC]
∠E = 180°– (80° + 40°) ⇒∠E = 60°
Hence, DF = 5cm, ∠E = 60°
 8. Quadrilaterals

1. Proof

2.
3.
Given : ABCD is a parallelogram and AP and CQ are perpendiculars from vertices
A and C on BD.
(a) In ΔAPB and ΔCQD, we have
∠ABP = ∠CDQ [Alternate angles]
AB = CD [Opposite sides of a parallelogram]
∠APB = ∠CQD [Each = 90°]
∴ ΔAPB ≅ ΔCQD [ASA congruence]
(b) So, AP = CQ [CPCT]

4. Let the common multiple be x

Angles are 2x, 3x and 7x
By angle sum property of quadrilateral
60+2x+3x+7x= 360°
12x= 360-60
12x = 300
x = 25
∴ ∠S = 25×7= 175°

5. proof:
6. According to the question, E and F are the midpoints of sides AB and CD.
∴ AE = AB and CF = CD
In the parallelogram opposite sides are equal, so AB = CD
1/2AB = 1/2CD
∴ AE = CF
Again, AB || CD ⇒ AE || FC
Hence, AECF is a parallelogram.
In ΔABP, E is the mid-point of AB and EQ || AP.
∴ Q is the mid-point of BP. (By converse of mid-point theorem)
Similarly, P is the mid-point of DQ.
∴ DP = PQ = QB

∴ Line segments AF and EC trisect the diagonal BD.

7.
8. Given: ABCD is a parallelogram
Thus, AC = BD
In ∆ABC and ∆DCB,

AC = DB [Given]
AB = DC [Opposite sides of a parallelogram]
BC = CB [Common]
∴ ∆ABC ≅∆DCB [By SSS congruency]
⇒∠ABC = ∠DCB [By C.P.C.T.] …(1)
Now, AB || DC and BC is a transversal. [ ∵ ABCD is a parallelogram]
∴ ∠ABC + ∠DCB = 180° … (2) [Co-interior angles]
From (1) and (2), we have
∠ABC = ∠DCB = 90°
Therefore, ABCD is a parallelogram having an angle equal to 90°.
Hence, ABCD is a rectangle.
9.
 [ 5 Marks ]
10.

11. In ΔADG, E is the midpoint of AD and EF II DG.

Or F is the mid point of AG ( converse of mid point theorem)
AF = FG………….(i)
In ΔCBF, BF II DG
D is the midpoint of BC.
Or G is the midpoint of FC
FG = GC ……………..(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
AF= FG= GC
AC = AF +FG + GC
AC = 3AF
 9. Circles
[ 2 Marks ]
1.

2. Proof: Since ABC is an equilateral triangle so,

∠A = ∠B = ∠C = 60°.
From figure,
∠BDC = ∠BAC (∵ angles in alternate segments are equal.)
∴∠BDC = 60°.
BDCE is a cyclic quadrilateral. Hence, sum of the opposite angles = 180°.
∠BDC + ∠BEC = 180°
60° + ∠BEC = 180°
∠BEC = 180° - 60° = 120°.

Hence, the value of ∠BDC = 60° and ∠BEC = 120°.

3.

4. Given : In circle C (O, r)

chord AB = chord CD and OM ⊥ AB and ON ⊥ CD
To prove : ∠OMN = ∠ONM
Proof : We know that equal chord of a circle are equidistant from center.
. Thus OM = ON
ΔOMN will be an isosceles triangle.
In isosceles triangle angles opposite to equal sides are equal
Thus ∠OMN = ∠ONM
 [ 3 Marks ]

5. Join OA and OC.

Since, the perpendicular from the centre of the circle to a chord bisects the
[Link],P and Q are
mid-points of AB and CD respectively.

PQ = 3+4 =7 cm

6. Refer theorem 9.7 ncert

7. Refer theorem 9.10 ncert
 [ 5 Marks ]
8.
9.

From (iii) and (iv) it is proved .

 10. Heron’s Formula
1.
2.
3.

4.
5. Solution:

[ Case Study Based : 4 Marks ]

(i) 250 m
(ii) Semi-perimeter of the park = 125 m

(iii) Area≈1,452.372. m
Or
(iii) Length to be fenced=250m−3m=247m

Cost per metre = Rs 20

Total cost=247×20=Rs4,940
 11. Surface Area and Volume
[ 2 Marks ]
1. Solution.

2.
3.

4.
 [ 3 Marks ]
5.

6.

7.

Solution:
 [ 5 Marks ]
8.
Solution:

9.
 12. Statistics

1.

2.
3. Solution
4.