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Malaria Vector Control

Vector control is a critical component of global malaria control strategies targeting both adult and larval stages. Common methods include indoor residual spraying, insecticide-treated nets, personal protection, and larval source management. The decline in malaria transmission is attributed to intensified vector control strategies, climate change, improved diagnosis and treatment, and better access to health services.

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3 views8 pages

Malaria Vector Control

Vector control is a critical component of global malaria control strategies targeting both adult and larval stages. Common methods include indoor residual spraying, insecticide-treated nets, personal protection, and larval source management. The decline in malaria transmission is attributed to intensified vector control strategies, climate change, improved diagnosis and treatment, and better access to health services.

Uploaded by

mihrar
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

VECTOR

 CONTROL  

MOOC  
VECTOR  CONTROL  

• Cri-cal  component  of  global  malaria  control  strategies  


• Aims  at  both  adult  and  larval  stages    
       Common  methods:  
– Indoor  residual  spraying  (IRS)  
– Insec-cide  treated  nets  (ITNs)  
– Personal  protec-on  
– Larval  source  management  (LSM)  
Indoor  Residual    Spraying  
• Choice  and  type  of  insec-cide  
depends  on  vector  biology,  
resistance  of  target  mosquito,  
acceptability  and  affordability  
Ø Organochlorines  
Ø Organophosphates  
Ø  Carbamates  
Ø Pyrethroids  
• Applica-on-­‐  EC  or  WP  
         formula-on,  compression  sprayer  
 Insec:cide    Treated    Nets  

• Can  have  self  protec-on  and  


mass  effect  
• Protects  even  when  badly  torn  or  
not  properly  placed  under  bed  
• Uses  less  toxic  environmentally  
friendly  insec-cides    such  as  
pyrethroids  
• Affordable  and  easily    to  
administer    

4
Personal  protec:on  

• Appropriate  in  areas  where  the  vector  has  preference  to  


feed  and  rest  outdoors  (exophagic-­‐exophilic)    
• Complementary  to  IRS  and  ITNs  
Ø Protec-ve  clothing  
Ø Improved  housing    
Ø Space  spraying-­‐aerosol  
Ø Repellents  
Ø Zooprophylaxis  

5
 
Larval  source  management    
 
• Effec-ve  where  breeding  sites    are:    
o of  manageable  size    
o can  be  located  
o accessible  
Ø  Appropriate  for  urban  areas  
 
• It  includes  environmental  management,  larviciding,  the  use  of  
biocides  and  biological  control  

•  Environmental  management,  
Ø Filling  in  or  drainage  of  large  breeding  sites  
Ø IntermiRent    or  overhead  irriga-on  

6
 
Larval  source  management    
 
• Larviciding:  
 Larvicides:      Temephos,  Chlorpyrifos,  
                                             Pirimiphos-­‐methyl,Fenthion  

• Biocides:    Bacillus  thuringiensis,  B.  sphaericus  

• Biological  control:    
                                   Predators  such  as  Gambusia  affinis  

7
Decline  in  malaria    

• Decline  in  transmission  and  clinical  burden  of  malaria  parasites  


and  in  par-cular,  P.  falciparum  aRributed  to:  
– Intensified  vector  control  strategies  
– Climate  change  
– Improved  rapid  diagnosis  and  treatment  
– Improved    access  to  health  services  

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