1a) Write a python program to find the best of two test average marks out of three

test’s marks accepted from the user.

# Program to find the best of two test average marks out of three tests

# Accept marks from the user

mark1 = float(input("Enter marks for Test 1: "))
mark2 = float(input("Enter marks for Test 2: "))

mark3 = float(input("Enter marks for Test 3: "))

# Put marks in a list

marks = [mark1, mark2, mark3]

# Sort marks in descending order to get the two highest

[Link](reverse=True)

# Compute average of best two marks

best_two_average = (marks[0] + marks[1]) / 2

# Display result
print(f"\nThe best two test marks are: {marks[0]} and {marks[1]}")

print(f"The best two test average is: {best_two_average:.2f}")

Output:

Enter marks for Test 1: 78

Enter marks for Test 2: 85
Enter marks for Test 3: 69

The best two test marks are: 85.0 and 78.0

The best two test average is: 81.50
1b) Develop a Python program to check whether a given number is palindrome or not
and also count the number of occurrences of each digit in the input number.
# Program to check if a number is palindrome and count occurrences of each digit

# Accept number from user

num = input("Enter a number: ")

# Check if the number is palindrome

if num == num[::-1]:
print(f"\n {num} is a Palindrome number.")
else:
print(f"\n {num} is not a Palindrome number.")

# Count occurrences of each digit

print("\nDigit occurrences:")
for digit in sorted(set(num)): # sorted for neat output

print(f"Digit {digit} occurs {[Link](digit)} time(s).")

Output:

Enter a number: 1221

1221 is a Palindrome number.

Digit occurrences:
Digit 1 occurs 2 time(s).
Digit 2 occurs 2 time(s).
2a) Write a function called root that is given a number x and an integer n and returns
x1/n. In the function definition, set the default value of n to 2.
def root(x, n=2):

return x ** (1 / n)
# Example usage:
print(root(9)) # Default: square root of 9 → 3.0
print(root(27, 3)) # Cube root of 27 → 3.0

print(root(16, 4))

output
3.0
3.0
2.0

2b) Write a function called merge that takes two already sorted lists of possibly different lengths,
and merges them into a single sorted list. (a) Do this using the sort method. (b) Do this without using
the sort method.
(a) Using the sort() Method

def merge_with_sort(list1, list2):

merged = list1 + list2 # Combine both lists
[Link]() # Sort the combined list
return merged

# Example usage:
list1 = [1, 3, 5]
list2 = [2, 4, 6]
print(merge_with_sort(list1, list2))

Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
(b) Without Using the sort() Method (Manual Merge)
def merge_without_sort(list1, list2):

merged = []
i=j=0

# Traverse both lists and append the smaller element to merged

while i < len(list1) and j < len(list2):

if list1[i] < list2[j]:
[Link](list1[i])
i += 1
else:
[Link](list2[j])
j += 1

# Append remaining elements (only one of these will execute)

[Link](list1[i:])
[Link](list2[j:])

return merged

# Example usage:
list1 = [1, 3, 5]
list2 = [2, 4, 6]
print(merge_without_sort(list1, list2))

Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
3a) Write a Python program that accepts a sentence and find the number of words, digits, uppercase
letters and lowercase letters.
# Program to count words, digits, uppercase and lowercase letters in a sentence
# Accept a sentence from the user

sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ")

# Initialize counters
word_count = len([Link]())
digit_count = 0

uppercase_count = 0
lowercase_count = 0
# Loop through each character in the sentence
for ch in sentence:

if [Link]():
digit_count += 1
elif [Link]():
uppercase_count += 1

elif [Link]():
lowercase_count += 1

# Display the results

print("\nResults:")

print(f"Number of words: {word_count}")

print(f"Number of digits: {digit_count}")
print(f"Number of uppercase letters: {uppercase_count}")
print(f"Number of lowercase letters: {lowercase_count}")
Output:

Enter a sentence: Hello World 2025

Results:
Number of words: 3
Number of digits: 4

Number of uppercase letters: 2

Number of lowercase letters: 8
3b) Write a Python program to find the string similarity between two given strings
Sample Output 1: Sample Output 2:
Python Exercises Python Exercises
Python Exercises Python Exercise

Similarity between two said strings: 1.0 Similarity between two said strings: 0. 967741935483871

from difflib import SequenceMatcher

str1 = input("Enter first string: ")

str2 = input("Enter second string: ")

similarity = SequenceMatcher(None, str1, str2).ratio()
print("\nOriginal strings:")
print(str1)

print(str2)
print(f"Similarity between two said strings: {similarity}")

Output 1

Enter first string: Python Exercises

Enter second string: Python Exercises

Original strings:
Python Exercises

Python Exercises
Similarity between two said strings: 1.0
Output2
Enter first string: Python Exercises

Enter second string: Python Exercise

Original strings:
Python Exercises

Python Exercise
Similarity between two said strings: 0.967741935483871
4a) Write a Python program to Merge Similar Dictionaries in List

from collections import defaultdict

def merge_similar_dicts(dict_list):

merged = defaultdict(int) # Use int for summing numeric values

for d in dict_list:

for key, value in [Link]():

merged[key] += value

return dict(merged)

# Example usage

dicts = [

{'a': 10, 'b': 20},

{'a': 5, 'c': 15},

{'b': 25, 'd': 30}

result = merge_similar_dicts(dicts)

print(result)

output
{'a': 15, 'b': 45, 'c': 15, 'd': 30}
4b) Write a python program to Find All Pairs Combination of Two Tuples

# Program to find all pairs combination of two tuples

# Example tuples

tuple1 = (1, 2, 3)

tuple2 = (4, 5, 6)

# Using list comprehension

result = [(a, b) for a in tuple1 for b in tuple2]

print("All pairs combinations:")

print(result)

output
All pairs combinations:

[(1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6)]

5a) Write a function called isphonenumber() to recognize a pattern 415-555-4242 without using regular
expression and also write the code to recognize the same pattern using regular expression.

import re

def isPhoneNumber(text):

pattern = [Link](r'^\d{3}-\d{3}-\d{4}$')

return bool([Link](text))

# Example usage:

print(isPhoneNumber("415-555-4242")) # ✅ True

print(isPhoneNumber("415-55A-4242")) # ❌ False

print(isPhoneNumber("4155554242")) # ❌ False

output
True

False

False
5b) Develop a python program that could search the text in a file for phone numbers (+919900889977) and
email addresses (sample@[Link])

import re

# Open the file

f = open("[Link]", "r")

text = [Link]()

[Link]()

# Search patterns

phones = [Link](r"\+91\d{10}", text)

emails = [Link](r"[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}", text)

# Print results

print("Phone numbers:", phones)

print("Email addresses:", emails)

Suppose [Link] contains:

Contact me at +919900889977 or email sample@[Link].

Another mail: test123@[Link]

My alternate number is +918888554433

Output
Phone numbers: ['+919900889977', '+918888554433']
Email addresses: ['sample@[Link]', 'test123@[Link]']

6a) Write a python program to accept a file name from the user and perform the following operations 1.
Display the first N line of the file 2. Find the frequency of occurrence of the word accepted from the user in
the file

# Accept file name

filename = input("Enter file name: ")

# Accept N

N = int(input("Enter number of lines to display: "))

# Accept word to search

word = input("Enter a word to find its frequency: ")

# Read the file

with open(filename, "r") as f:

lines = [Link]()

# --- 1. Display first N lines ---

print("\nFirst", N, "lines of the file:")

for line in lines[:N]:

print(line, end="")

# --- 2. Count frequency of the word ---

text = "".join(lines).lower()

count = [Link]([Link]())

print("\n\nFrequency of the word '{}' : {}".format(word, count))

Suppose the file [Link] contains:

Python is easy to learn.

Python supports object oriented programming.

Many students learn Python.

Learning Python is fun.

Output

Enter file name: [Link]

Enter number of lines to display: 2

Enter a word to find its frequency: Python

First 2 lines of the file:

Python is easy to learn.

Python supports object oriented programming.

Frequency of the word 'Python' : 3

6b) Write a python program to create a ZIP file of a particular folder which contains several files inside it.

import zipfile

import os

folder = input("Enter folder name: ")

zipname = input("Enter zip file name: ")

zipf = [Link](zipname, 'w')

for file in [Link](folder):

[Link]([Link](folder, file))

[Link]()

print("ZIP file created!")

Suppose your folder contains:

Folder name: myfiles

Files inside:

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]

output
Enter folder name: myfiles

Enter zip file name: [Link]

ZIP file created!

A file named [Link] will be created, containing:

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]
7a) By using the concept of inheritance write a python program to find the area of triangle, circle and
rectangle.

import math
# Base class
class Shape:
def area(self):

pass # This will be overridden in child classes

# Derived class for Rectangle

class Rectangle(Shape):

def area(self, length, breadth):

return length * breadth

# Derived class for Triangle

class Triangle(Shape):
def area(self, base, height):
return 0.5 * base * height

# Derived class for Circle

class Circle(Shape):
def area(self, radius):
return [Link] * radius * radius

# --- Main Program ---

rect = Rectangle()
tri = Triangle()
cir = Circle()

print("Area of Rectangle:", [Link](5, 3))

print("Area of Triangle:", [Link](4, 6))
print("Area of Circle:", round([Link](3), 2))
output
Area of Rectangle: 15
Area of Triangle: 12.0
Area of Circle: 28.27

7b) Write a python program by creating a class called Employee to store the details of Name, Employee_ID,
Department and Salary, and implement a method to update salary of employees belonging to a given
department.

class Employee:

def __init__(self, name, emp_id, dept, salary):

[Link] = name

self.emp_id = emp_id

[Link] = dept

[Link] = salary

def update(self, amount):

[Link] += amount

# Creating employee objects

e1 = Employee("Mohammed", 101, "IT", 30000)

e2 = Employee("Aisha", 102, "HR", 25000)

e3 = Employee("Rahul", 103, "IT", 28000)

employees = [e1, e2, e3]

# Taking input

d = input("Enter department: ")

inc = int(input("Enter increment amount: "))

# Updating salary

for e in employees:

if [Link] == d:

[Link](inc)
# Displaying results

for e in employees:

print([Link], e.emp_id, [Link], [Link])

output

Enter department: IT

Enter increment amount: 2000

Mohammed 101 IT 32000

Aisha 102 HR 25000

Rahul 103 IT 30000

8) Write a python program to find the whether the given input is palindrome or not (for both string and
integer) using the concept of polymorphism and inheritance.

# Base class

class Palindrome:
def check(self, value):
pass # Method will be overridden in child classes

# Derived class for String palindrome

class StringPalindrome(Palindrome):
def check(self, value):
value = [Link]()
if value == value[::-1]:

print("✅ The given string is a palindrome.")

else:

print("❌ The given string is not a palindrome.")

# Derived class for Integer palindrome

class NumberPalindrome(Palindrome):
 def check(self, value):
num_str = str(value)
if num_str == num_str[::-1]:

print("✅ The given number is a palindrome.")

else:

print("❌ The given number is not a palindrome.")

# --- Main Program ---

inp = input("Enter a string or number: ")

if [Link]():

obj = NumberPalindrome() # object of child class (number)

[Link](int(inp))
else:
obj = StringPalindrome() # object of child class (string)

[Link](inp)

Output1
Enter a string or number: madam

✅ The given string is a palindrome.

Output2

Enter a string or number: 12321

✅ The given number is a palindrome.

Output3
Enter a string or number: hello

❌ The given string is not a palindrome.

9a) Write a python program to download the all XKCD comics

import requests, os
[Link]("xkcd", exist_ok=True)
i=1
while True:

try:
j = [Link](f"[Link]
open(f"xkcd/{i}.png","wb").write([Link](j["img"]).content)
print("Downloaded:", i)

i += 1
except:
break
print("Done!")

Output

Downloaded: 1

Downloaded: 2

Downloaded: 3

Downloaded: 4

Downloaded: 5

Downloaded: 6

Downloaded: 7

Downloaded: 8

Downloaded: 9

Downloaded: 10

...

Downloaded: 2789

Downloaded: 2790

Done!
9b) Demonstrate python program to read the data from the spreadsheet and write the data in to the
spreadsheet

from openpyxl import load_workbook, Workbook

# --- Read from Excel ---

wb1 = load_workbook("[Link]")

sheet1 = [Link]

print("Reading data:")

for row in sheet1.iter_rows(values_only=True):

print(row)

# --- Write to Excel ---

wb2 = Workbook()

sheet2 = [Link]

sheet2["A1"] = "Hello"

sheet2["B1"] = "World"

[Link]("[Link]")

print("Data written to [Link]")

output

Suppose [Link] contains:

Name Marks

John 78

Sara 88

🖥 Program Output
Reading data:
('Name', 'Marks')
('John', 78)
('Sara', 88)
Data written to [Link]
10a) Write a python program to combine select pages from many PDFs

from PyPDF2 import PdfReader, PdfWriter

writer = PdfWriter()

# Read first PDF and take page 1 (0 index)

pdf1 = PdfReader("[Link]")
writer.add_page([Link][0])

# Read second PDF and take page 2 (1 index)

pdf2 = PdfReader("[Link]")
writer.add_page([Link][1])

# Save output
with open("[Link]", "wb") as f:
[Link](f)

print("Done!")

output
Done!

10b) Write a python program to fetch current weather data from the JSON file

import json

# --- Step 1: Read data from JSON file ---

with open("[Link]", "r") as file:

data = [Link](file)

# --- Step 2: Extract weather information ---

city = data["name"]

temperature = data["main"]["temp"]

humidity = data["main"]["humidity"]

description = data["weather"][0]["description"]

# --- Step 3: Display the data ---

print("City:", city)

print("Temperature:", temperature, "°C")

print(" Humidity:", humidity, "%")

print(" Weather Description:", description)

[Link] File

"coord": {"lon": 77.6, "lat": 12.97},

"weather": [

{"id": 800, "main": "Clear", "description": "clear sky", "icon": "01d"}

],

"main": {

"temp": 29.5,

"feels_like": 30.0,

"pressure": 1012,

"humidity": 45

},

"name": "Bangalore"

Output

City: Bangalore

Temperature: 29.5 °C

Humidity: 45 %

Weather Description: clear sky