SOLUTIONS
SOLUTIONS
What will happen if you add a spoon of sugar in a
glass of water?
EXAMPLES
Concentration of
Solution
DILUTE SOLUTION CONCENTRATED SOLUTION
Objectives
Express concentrations of solutions quantitatively by preparing
different concentrations of mixtures according to uses and availability
of materials. S7MT-Id-3
Specifically, learners should be able to meet the following objectives:
[Link] dilute from concentrated solutions qualitatively and
quantitatively;
[Link] percentage by mass and volume related problems.
[Link] the importance of concentration of solution in our
daily life.
What is concentrated and dilute solutions?
Concentrated Dilute
When a solution When the solution
has large amount has lesser or small
of solute for a amount of
given amount of dissolved solute in
solvent. a given amount of
solvent.
Let us take this example, both glass A and B contain 50 ml of tap water.
You pour 1 teaspoon of powder juice to glass A and
your sister pour 2 teaspoons of powder juice to glass
B. Compare the color and taste of the two solutions.
Describe your observation between the two solutions.
How they differ?
CONCENTRATED DILUTE
• The glass that taste “too The other glass which taste
sweet” and has “darker “less sweet” and “lighter
color” is concentrated color” is dilute solution.
solution.
Concentration of Solution
We can express the concentration of the solutions
qualitatively and quantitatively. It is qualitative if you
are describing the appearance of the solution after
pouring a powder juice in a 50 ml of water through
your observation. And it is quantitative if you are
referring to the number of teaspoons of powder juice
poured in a 50ml of water.
Percent by
Volume (% V/V)
Percent by Volume (% V/V)
• The percent by volume is the amount of solute in a given volume of solution expressed as
grams solute per 100 milliliters of solution.
• The volume of the solution may be determined by adding the volume of the solute and the
volume of the solvent.
• We can calculate the percent by volume using this formula;
• Percent by volume =
• Volume of solute will be divided by the volume of solution and multiply it to 100.
Sample Problem 1:
Suppose you want to prepare a homemade vinegar. You need 40 ml acetic acid and 250 ml of
water. What is the percentage by volume of the acetic acid?
Questions Answer
What are the given? Volume of solute= 40 mL acetic acid
Volume of solvent = 250mL water
Volume of solution = 40 mL acetic acid + 250 mL water
What is unknown? Percent by volume (% V/V)
What is the formula?
Solution %(v/v) = 40 mL/ 290 mL x 100
Answer % (v/v) = 13.79% 14%
Sample Problem 2:
What is the percent by volume of ethanol in a solution that contains 60 mL of
ethanol dissolved in 150 mL of water?
Questions Answer
What are the given? Volume of solute= 60 mL ethanol
Volume of solvent = 150 mL water
Volume of solution = 60 mL ethanol + 150 mL water
What is unknown? Percent by volume (% V/V)
What is the formula?
Solution % (v/v) = 60 mL/ 210 mL x 100
Answer % (v/v) = 28.57% or 29%
Self - Test
Calculate what is ask in the following problem. Follow the format in
the sample problem in answering.
1. What is the percent by volume of ethanol when 85 mL is diluted
to a volume of 250 mL water?
2. What is the percent by volume of a solution formed by added
50 mL of acetone to 100 mL of water?
Percent by Mass
(% m/m)
“Which is Which?”
Jenny is wearing 24 Karat earrings while her younger sister Jelly is wearing
18 Karat of necklace.
How will you know which of the two jewelries is more expensive?
Pure gold is referred to as 24 Karats and it is expensive compared to other
metals. The 18 Karats necklace of Jelly is less expensive because it only has
18 grams or 75% of the necklace is gold and the 6 grams or 25% of the
necklace is other metals. Jenny’s earrings are said to be 24 Karat or 100%
made of gold.
Percent by Mass (% m/m)
• The amount of solute in a given mass of solvent express as grams in
solute per 100 grams of solution.
• To calculate it use this formula;
Sample Problem 1:
What is the percentage concentration of solution if 2 grams of sugar dissolved in 50 grams of
water?
Questions Answer
What are the given? mass of solute= 2 grams sugar
mass of solvent = 50 grams water
mass of solution = 2 grams sugar + 50 grams water
What is unknown? Percent by mass (% m/m)
What is the formula?
Solution % (m/m) = 2g/52 x100
Answer %(m/m) = 3.8% or 4%
Sample Problem 2:
What is the percentage of concentration if 5 grams of sodium chloride dissolved in 100 grams
water?
Questions Answer
What are the given? mass of solute= 5 grams sugar
mass of solvent = 100 grams water
mass of solution = 5 grams sugar + 100 grams water
What is unknown? Percent by mass (% m/m)
What is the formula?
Solution % (m/m) = 5g/105g x 100
Answer % (m/m) = 4.76% or 5%
Self - Test
Calculate what is ask in the following problem. Follow the format in the sample problem in
answering.
[Link] % by mass of 10 g of detergent powder dissolve in 90 grams water.
2.A student prepared a solution by dissolving 25 grams of sugar in 500 grams of
coconut oil. Calculate the % by mass of the solution.