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DC Math

The document discusses basic electrical concepts, focusing on the calculations of voltage, current, and resistance in various circuit configurations, including series and parallel circuits. It includes examples and solutions for determining power, voltage drops, and equivalent resistance using methods like Thevenin's and Norton's theorems. Additionally, it covers the principles of current distribution and mesh analysis in electrical networks.

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vedp31428
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2 views24 pages

DC Math

The document discusses basic electrical concepts, focusing on the calculations of voltage, current, and resistance in various circuit configurations, including series and parallel circuits. It includes examples and solutions for determining power, voltage drops, and equivalent resistance using methods like Thevenin's and Norton's theorems. Additionally, it covers the principles of current distribution and mesh analysis in electrical networks.

Uploaded by

vedp31428
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Basie Concepts and Definitions 15 woe drop across ndvidual fyoseo Rasta 220 Vsaply. Whats the esstanee tobe connected Solation: Rated power of amp, = GOW Rated volageoflamp, V= 100 V Lanpwilloperatenomalyo 20 Vaso ifthe crest wing trough ep remains the rtd cunt 06 A. teogh the resistance R, an the amp ie 06 & ad voltage don ste lle equal supply volage es voltage rp ass the ap ‘olageof belamp) ‘or Vole drop ars tance, a = suply vliage—rited voltage ofthelamp = 220-100 120.¥ oer= 22-29-2000 ans. T "06 [iia PARALLEL ciRcuITS ‘When a number of resistors are connected in such away that point andthe oer ends being joined to another common tobe connected in parallel and such circuits are known a parallel circuits one end of each of them i joined t common as shown in Fig. 1.9, then esistrs are sid Inthe circuits caret divided © Scanned with OKEN Scanner Rese “1, 100 a | 4h | = B 2240.0 Ann ResitaceR, = Y= 3 1.22. Thee los A,B, Care connected in parallel 04240 ¥ sou Fig 110 te eka a 220 mt eh uhatent estan. a San: Centdrm bye = Bw SOX oe v 0 = 60 am o 210 260m mo = 20 a4 ane @ Power dravn by load B, Py = VxIg = 249% 2 14.44W 1000 Lendesane, Ro = 48 V2 soy Cure nby othe = 2 a0, nox Power drawn by load C, Fo = Viele = =12kw Also, PeVxi= ROS «36, sme as above 1 rsistos (or so, roca ofthe = nF - BAO arpnanemsne Example 123. When resistor placed across 20 V sup Teale =1y fy +lp2 40 +604 50150 An. islpower,P =P, +Py +Pe=96+ 144+ 12=36kW Ans. Saar By=@A given) 160 Am arent is 12 A. What isthe vale of resistor end lecrovics Engineering De: 205) © Scanned with OKEN Scanner am pe Lee vl ft estar comet FM Ree RR RR, 161 9150 Ans. or Ry(R, #8) = 6018101. ae oe Be as ome go hat when they are connected in pargyy 0 many ees a and Elec EMGMEring May 2 A wot to rn ti neta Solution: Let the wire be cut into m pieces of equal length. v Ray 1 Now theessune ofeach pic of wie, R = 2.0 oe, een wen bei cecil Sn 10 " be rest 108 5 ac Fae ofl pats Substinting Ry = 1.0, we have ns 122 oq y100 ot n=¥i00 = 10-1 in Fig. 1.11(a). Posten Ta 4 = Coen owing though thesis cei show in i vio = Disk ane y-S isa Tr eto of ow of cures shown ini Voliag drop across 300 reser $1530 15230245 V A, 4.20 CURRENT DISTRIBUTION IN PARALLEL CIRCUITS [Aktwo resistors of resistances R, and R, be connected aw Cent owing trough esis mee Come wing trough sist Ry y= z Dividing Ea. (1.27) by Ba, (1.28) we have Hence current floving through each revi, ‘heir respective resistances ‘Since conductance i is reciprocal of resistance and if © Scanned with OKEN Scanner 13 13 directly proportional to its respetve conductance ence, current in any branch ofa paral multiplied by the ratio of the conductance of the 5 curren flowing thro the resistors ofthe reat shown in Fig 113. anne Univ Cit Tas May ane201) 1 Conductance of 2 resistor, G, = + =05S 1 debe} 7 conection 0, | 108 eu contre fess, = 4 2025 tence, 6=6j +0, 40,=05+12025178 Or apc8 wt = soe 2147064 As Oy p25 264 curt arent ig = x52 = S21 a 20412 A Ans. cument i= iS = FTG = 2940 rent jy = 1x22 = S702 5.880 Ams the same erossetional area and the sm Me smour wires are connected in series ‘Example 1.27. Four wires of same material, eng en Pee ea Az al sane 02501 a resistance? Solution Sine the nat arn of eee scton and ti fac eae be same, tit be Robms heer resistance ofeach wi wil © scanned with OKEN Scanner some oul R+R4RARIE ARG, when connected pretties rea inseries and 62 connected re Technology December 2096 wD. Unit 10 2 os OOM renin Win, = HE = 9% «1.04 on OY = 1-ratedcuren of 60 W bulb = L0-06=0.4.A 100 R= 1 22500 Ans, 2 200 a © Scanned with OKEN Scanner nd currents in the cach branch an ‘volage dop across _Voliage dp across rah AB, (Coren in 20 ri Be AON 5 Dresser = Vag = 3% 15-245 V Ang ‘Voltage across 20 resitie = Vag = 36 Ans (6) Total poner conse, P=Vx1= 81320 W Ans Example 131, nthe iret Elec Engineering, 2012) SPSvey a shown in Fig 118 uivalen eine of ara eo io Li] Toulresiansof tect, " Fie ta) Sialic © Scanned with OKEN Scanner Power through 20 0 resi | Pole 122. Ine given deat sown ini 9 fd he sane een te ts Ba (Gb Tete Bl anger Slain: Resisancein branch AB, Rye 4}2# 4 213850 Resisansin ch B,Bge = 614= S24 2240 6x2 § 2 stance is branch CA,Req = 6||2=2" > Resistance is branch CA,Ro, = 62= 25 Resistance between points B and C Fig 149 "2a of resistance 6 each are arranged to form the edges of cube. A current of $) corner and out at opposite corner. Calculate the pd developed between these lectrical Technology, December-2008] junction A, = the resistances are equal, current in wire AB = © scanned with OKEN Scanner ot (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner Example 27. Obtain in terms of gin ‘Solution: Appying Krcbot'scuren OR ip +017 =0 Ig = (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner se wan 6 usm spo 4p {yo Bus soy>ueag sno (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner 1228 lad he currents nal the restive branches Sottion: The network is redrawn as shown in Fig, 260, The india banc current along with ther directions of low re Showinthe cit agra, Apving KVL t0 oop we have 101, +5(1,+ 10) =100 oe 151, +50 =100 0 Bessa ‘Thoscutenin 10 resistance, 153334 Ans, os CCumeatin S Qeesisance =1, +10 3334101333 Ane CCureotin20Q resistance = 10 Ans. ple 224. Find the current in 20 resistance inthe following Figure (Fig, 261) using loop analysis method. AK Teodmcal Unt. Bote Ecce Engicering Second Semester, 2015-6) Solution: The network is redrawn, a ilrated in Fig. 262. There ate two V4 Independent oops, Loop carrens have been aken locks as marked in the figure. The individ ranch caren’ lons withthe dretions flow aso shown nth ict dpa, ‘Applying KVL meshes Lad Ilrespetvly we have 41, #201, -1)=40-20, or 6, ~2h, or 3 i and 31,2, ~h)=20-10 or -24,+51,=10 ti) Solving Eas (andi we have Ans sample 226. Using mesh analysis, alee the currents and Tn Fi. 248. —— HOD. Tencal On Buel Eiri ist Semeie, 20113 ‘Solution: The network shows in Fig. 263s redrawn, as shown in Fig. 264 128 4a ‘These rete independents lop. The loop curenthave cn takenas shown -—)———## Fig. 264 satsying the cutets marked in Fig. 263. Te nln ual bach cur oe ‘emsalong withthe decton of flow ae als hws tect diagram. The fessor carrying crn, whe ale mo given maybe assumed of 82 fa io 4 tev | eas ill (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner Pig. 277 £32, Determine the voltage Vand Let cit een within Ose ference noe and shown i Fig 278 i Apriving KCL. to nodes A and B respectively we ave 25 Ans and V, =2375 VAs 2.33. Caleulate currentsinaltheresstancesofthecreitshown "2.9 (a) using node analysis method. [UP Technical Uns lecrialEnenecring Fit Semester, Lette given circuit he redrawn wit cminal Gas the reference passed disuton cures, as shown aig. 279) “Rirchio'scurent 19 node B we have Wel+h = Yeah gg © scanned with OKEN Scanner its ir theorem is advantageous when we -ral network particularly och WE ae to determine the whe Wks steno omen Se hs nese ee! (nea aes ee pe a (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner ¥ NN oa Basie Becta cy, staan ‘Thevenn's voltage, Vy = Voltage drop across 402 resistance =41.= 4% 5° = 4.444 y vy 4M Cet hough 22 resistance fy = —Y— 06154 A Ans. alla Le Rey 265222 phn bret has quilt ofthe reat shown in yo ta the following igure Pig, 2.9%), ag (WG; Technical Uni. Nework Analyst, June-20141 0 © Station: For dctermining ihe Thevni’s quent sistance of the crit ay ‘.eteminals AB, the voluge sources are replaced by shortcuts and 2210 2 resistances removed as shown in Fig. 294) Teves eqivalcat resus, Rated ile (2) For determination of open-circuit voltage, wi the resistance of 2.0 is removed from the te ta circuit, the circuit becomes as shown in Ae to Fig. 2940, Uetnode Ge the reference node and po- 19: a tential of nodes 1 and 2be V, and V, espe tively. Applying KCL at node I we have 7 BSNS) Dae 1 oa © o 5V,-2V, 210 “0 Fig. 2.94 Applying KCL at node? we have o oF 2¥,-3¥,2-5 (and (i) we have ‘io, © scanned with OKEN Scanner Fig. 2.98 ‘Solution: For determination of equivalent resistance ofthe circuit» ried and current source is open circuited and 60 resistance i remo S0,R,=20 For determination of open-circuit voltage across terminals and b 6 Crestor removed and the cit became 38 shown in Fig. 2.100 2 Fiz 29 V,, = Open-circuit wotage aos terminals. and v ‘Current flowing through 6 resistor 1A from terminal to eminal A. Ams. RR, 2 4241. Find the Thevenin's equivalent circuit ofthe circuit shown in Fig. 2.101 to the let of terminals ind the current through R, = 60, [Link] 360. IDCRUSTM Electrical Technolog, December2 20 One ie fasta 9 Ges @ » Fig. 2.102 Jegivalent resistance ofthe iit... terminal and b te voltage sours as shown in Fig. 2.102) “ee © Scanned with OKEN Scanner 0c Gireuts ‘Current in branch AB, eo S=1A Le LA ftom termina Bo terminal A Ams. wee anesthe Tip rn wd esse are a resistor connected between terminals and By ay shown in Fig, 207, [Blecrical Engineering U.P. Technical Unie Joe 200, GB, Techical Univ Odd Semester, 201213 | Solution: Now inthe circuit shown in Fig. 2.107, ‘Potential of point B wert. terminal D 5x80 {000 +880 Potential of point Aw 1, terminal D Veo 05 95 4005 =2324324 rer PD between terminals Band A, Vz = 2340126 2.124324 = 00161 V sw08 0 ‘After replacing batteries by short cteuts in the circuit, equivalent resistance ofthe network with reference to terminals A and B (Fig. 2.108). Ry = 100/185 + 1,000] 380 eo ° 4 Current in 1,000 resistor connected between terminals A and B, Vp 0161 1 +R, ~ 1000-518 10,625. from terminals Bt A Ans. Fig. 2.108 240126 v Fig. 2.107 245. How Norton's theorem is equivalent to Thevenin’s theorem? rn the limitations of Thevenin’s theorem and Find the vllage across ea MR, using Thevenin’s theorem, when load resistance is2k2. |. as Bm Unis, Basic Electrical Engineering First Semester, 2015-16] ‘of Thevenin’s equivalent resistance ofthe circuit voltage source is replaced bya short and in Fig. 2.109, the voliage placed by ash aa asshown in Fig.2.110(a). resistance, Ry = 1.5||3 a alee a 2. jing KVL to the loop formed by 45 V have, ifthe current supplied by the 45, © scanned with OKEN Scanner @ Scanned with OKEN Scanner © Scanned with OKEN Scanner ee ee ae ee ceeendears deg, ST em airman ra ela ah

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