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Here’s Set 2 of 50 MCQs on Measurements and Instrumentation (without answers, in SJVN exam style):
Measurements and Instrumentation – MCQ Set 2 (Q51–Q100)
Q51. Which of the following is an example of a primary standard?
(a) Mercury column barometer
(b) Spring balance
(c) Ammeter
(d) Voltmeter
Q52. The term “accuracy” of an instrument refers to:
(a) The smallest measurable quantity
(b) Closeness to the true value
(c) Freedom from random errors
(d) Sensitivity of the instrument
Q53. Sensitivity of an instrument is defined as:
(a) Output/input ratio
(b) Ratio of full-scale deflection to input
(c) Change in output per unit change in input
(d) Least count
Q54. Which of the following is not a static characteristic of an instrument?
(a) Accuracy
(b) Repeatability
(c) Responsiveness
(d) Sensitivity
Q55. The instrument which stores energy during operation is called:
(a) Absolute instrument
(b) Secondary instrument
(c) Deflection type instrument
(d) Integrating instrument
Q56. Which of the following is an absolute instrument?
(a) Wattmeter
(b) Tangent galvanometer
(c) Energy meter
(d) Electrodynamometer
Q57. A galvanometer can be converted into an ammeter by:
(a) Connecting a shunt resistance in series
(b) Connecting a shunt resistance in parallel
(c) Connecting a series resistance
(d) Using a current transformer
Q58. A voltmeter should always be connected:
(a) In parallel with load
(b) In series with load
(c) Across current source
(d) Across shunt resistance
Q59. The deflection of a moving coil instrument is proportional to:
(a) Current through the coil
(b) Voltage applied
(c) Square of current
(d) Resistance of coil
Q60. Which of the following is a disadvantage of PMMC instruments?
(a) Cannot measure AC
(b) High power consumption
(c) Low sensitivity
(d) Non-linear scale
Q61. A dynamometer type wattmeter can be used for:
(a) Only DC power
(b) Only AC power
(c) Both AC and DC power
(d) Power factor measurement
Q62. The creep in energy meters is minimized by:
(a) Adjusting friction compensation
(b) Using a shading loop
(c) Drilling holes in the disc
(d) Using a brake magnet
Q63. The shadow pole in an induction instrument is used for:
(a) Eliminating stray magnetic fields
(b) Increasing torque
(c) Reducing eddy current
(d) Power factor correction
Q64. Phantom loading is used for:
(a) Small energy meters
(b) High current energy meters
(c) Inductance measurement
(d) Resistance calibration
Q65. Which instrument is based on thermal expansion?
(a) Hot-wire instrument
(b) Electrodynamometer
(c) Thermocouple voltmeter
(d) LVDT
Q66. The main disadvantage of an electrostatic voltmeter is:
(a) High current consumption
(b) Low range
(c) Cannot measure DC
(d) Very fragile construction
Q67. A ballistic galvanometer measures:
(a) Steady currents
(b) Impulse charge
(c) RMS current
(d) Peak voltage
Q68. Which device is used for accurate measurement of small currents?
(a) Thermistor
(b) Moving coil galvanometer
(c) Hot-wire meter
(d) PMMC voltmeter
Q69. Which instrument is used to measure very small resistances?
(a) Megger
(b) Kelvin bridge
(c) Wheatstone bridge
(d) Schering bridge
Q70. The Megger is an instrument for measuring:
(a) Very small resistances
(b) High resistance and insulation
(c) Medium resistance
(d) Energy
Q71. The Q-meter is primarily used for measuring:
(a) Quality factor of coils
(b) Frequency
(c) Resistance
(d) Energy
Q72. The working principle of a digital frequency counter is based on:
(a) Voltage measurement
(b) Time interval counting
(c) Resistance measurement
(d) Capacitance measurement
Q73. Which instrument uses a thermocouple junction?
(a) Hot-wire meter
(b) Electrostatic voltmeter
(c) Thermocouple voltmeter
(d) PMMC instrument
Q74. In a CRO, the horizontal deflection plates control:
(a) Voltage
(b) Time base
(c) Brightness
(d) Gain
Q75. Which device is commonly used as a display element in digital instruments?
(a) PMMC meter
(b) LED or LCD
(c) Analog pointer
(d) Photodiode
Q76. What is the function of a sample-and-hold circuit?
(a) Convert analog to digital
(b) Store and hold voltage for a period
(c) Reduce noise
(d) Display analog signal
Q77. A dual-slope A/D converter is preferred because:
(a) It is faster
(b) It rejects noise better
(c) It is cheaper
(d) It requires no clock signal
Q78. The resolution of a 10-bit ADC is:
(a) 1/512
(b) 1/1024
(c) 1/256
(d) 1/2048
Q79. A DAC converts:
(a) Voltage to current
(b) Digital signals to analog signals
(c) Analog to digital signals
(d) Current to voltage
Q80. Which transducer is based on the Hall effect?
(a) Magnetic field sensor
(b) Temperature sensor
(c) Pressure sensor
(d) Vibration sensor
Q81. The thermopile sensor is used for measuring:
(a) Voltage
(b) Infrared radiation
(c) Mechanical stress
(d) Pressure
Q82. A photodiode works on:
(a) Thermal expansion
(b) Photovoltaic effect
(c) Hall effect
(d) Seebeck effect
Q83. Which is a disadvantage of strain gauges?
(a) High sensitivity
(b) Temperature dependence
(c) Wide frequency response
(d) Compact size
Q84. LVDT is used for measurement of:
(a) Temperature
(b) Displacement
(c) Current
(d) Voltage
Q85. Tachometers are used to measure:
(a) Torque
(b) Rotational speed
(c) Current
(d) Resistance
Q86. Which flowmeter is based on electromagnetic induction?
(a) Orifice meter
(b) Venturi meter
(c) Rotameter
(d) Electromagnetic flowmeter
Q87. Which transducer is suitable for measuring dynamic pressure?
(a) Strain gauge
(b) Piezoelectric sensor
(c) LVDT
(d) Thermistor
Q88. Which of the following is a passive transducer?
(a) Thermistor
(b) Photodiode
(c) LVDT
(d) Piezoelectric crystal
Q89. The principle of operation of RTD is:
(a) Change in resistance with temperature
(b) Electromagnetic induction
(c) Change in capacitance with temperature
(d) Thermal expansion
Q90. Which instrument measures noise levels?
(a) Hygrometer
(b) Sound level meter
(c) Lux meter
(d) Thermopile
Q91. The output of a thermocouple is in the form of:
(a) Resistance
(b) Voltage
(c) Current
(d) Capacitance
Q92. The bandwidth of a CRO depends on:
(a) Sweep generator
(b) Deflection plates
(c) Amplifier bandwidth
(d) Power supply
Q93. Which of the following is a digital instrument?
(a) Thermocouple voltmeter
(b) Digital multimeter
(c) PMMC voltmeter
(d) Hot-wire instrument
Q94. The term "hysteresis error" in an instrument means:
(a) Difference between upscale and downscale readings
(b) Random variations
(c) Instrument calibration error
(d) Temperature error
Q95. In a bridge circuit, balance is obtained when:
(a) Voltage is maximum
(b) No current flows through detector
(c) Current is maximum
(d) Impedance is zero
Q96. Which of the following is not a bridge for inductance measurement?
(a) Maxwell bridge
(b) Anderson bridge
(c) Hay’s bridge
(d) Schering bridge
Q97. The purpose of damping torque in measuring instruments is:
(a) Reduce oscillations
(b) Increase deflection
(c) Increase sensitivity
(d) Reduce accuracy
Q98. The torque required to rotate the pointer to zero position is:
(a) Deflecting torque
(b) Controlling torque
(c) Damping torque
(d) Frictional torque
Q99. Which instrument is used for measuring high insulation resistance?
(a) Kelvin bridge
(b) Megger
(c) Wheatstone bridge
(d) CRO
Q100. Which of the following is a secondary instrument?
(a) Tangent galvanometer
(b) Dead-weight tester
(c) Wattmeter
(d) Mercury column barometer