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Overview of Serial Communication

Serial communication transmits data bitwise and sequentially over a single wire, making it more cost-effective for long-distance communication compared to parallel communication. It operates in two modes: asynchronous, where clocks are independent and often uses parity for error control, and synchronous, where clocks are synchronized and allows for higher data rates. Asynchronous is commonly used for random interval data transmission, while synchronous is preferred for high-speed communication.

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Prashanth Shantz
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10 views10 pages

Overview of Serial Communication

Serial communication transmits data bitwise and sequentially over a single wire, making it more cost-effective for long-distance communication compared to parallel communication. It operates in two modes: asynchronous, where clocks are independent and often uses parity for error control, and synchronous, where clocks are synchronized and allows for higher data rates. Asynchronous is commonly used for random interval data transmission, while synchronous is preferred for high-speed communication.

Uploaded by

Prashanth Shantz
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Serial

Communication
Serial Communication occurs when
data is transmitted bitwise and in a
sequential manner over a single
wire.
The concept of serial communication is the
process of sending data one bit at a time,
sequentially, over a communication channel or
computer bus.
This is in contrast to parallel communication,
where several bits are sent as a whole, on a
link with several parallel channels.
Serial communication is used for all long-haul
communication and most computer networks,
where the cost of cable and synchronization
difficulties make parallel communication
impractical.
Basics of serial communication
Parallel: expensive - short distance – fast – no modulation
Serial :cheaper– long (two different cities by modem)-slow
Basics of serial
communication
Serial Communications Transmission
Modes

 Two basic transmission modes:


◦ asynchronous: transmitter and receiver
clocks are independent
◦ synchronous: transmitter and receiver are
synchronized
Serial Communications
Asynchronous transmission
 Error control: parity
◦ In an N bit word: count number of 1s on the
first N-1 positions
◦ Insert 1 or 0 in the Nth position to get:
 even (even parity - E)
 odd (odd parity - O)
number of 1s
 Parity rather not used these days (parity none

- N)
Serial Communications
Asynchronous transmission
Convention:
◦ Parameters of an asynchronous transmission
are often presented in the following form:
Sbps xAz
where:
 S is a connection speed (19200, 38400bps,
….)
 bps: bits per second
 x is a number of bits in a word (usually 8)
 A is parity (usually none: N)
 z is a number of stopbits
38400bps 8N1 is a good bet ;-)
Serial Communications
Synchronous transmission
 DTE accepts a clock signal generated by DCE
 Clock signal transmitted either:

◦ over a separate line (see V.35, RS232 lines)


◦ or encoded into the data (Manchester,
differential Manchester encoding) to allow a
single line for both data and clock
 No start, stop bits, but still frame

synchronization words are needed.


Serial Communications
Comparison of transmission
modes
 Asynchronous:
◦ suitable for data transmitted at random intervals
(e.g. keyboard to computer)
◦ large overhead (20% or more)
◦ rather low data rates (up to 115.2 kbps,
practically 38.4 kbps)
◦ simplicity and availability: UART and RS232 are
present in any PC
◦ used in the great majority of dial-up connections
 Synchronous:

◦ low overhead (long frames)


◦ high rates

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