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Homomorphic Filtering for Image Enhancement

The document discusses homomorphic filtering for image enhancement. Homomorphic filtering involves taking the logarithm of an image to separate its illumination and reflection components, applying a filter in the frequency domain, and then taking the inverse logarithm. This allows separate processing of the illumination and reflection components. The filter function can control the illumination and reflection, resulting in a sharper, higher contrast enhanced image after processing.

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Murali Krishna Dama
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111 views14 pages

Homomorphic Filtering for Image Enhancement

The document discusses homomorphic filtering for image enhancement. Homomorphic filtering involves taking the logarithm of an image to separate its illumination and reflection components, applying a filter in the frequency domain, and then taking the inverse logarithm. This allows separate processing of the illumination and reflection components. The filter function can control the illumination and reflection, resulting in a sharper, higher contrast enhanced image after processing.

Uploaded by

Murali Krishna Dama
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

HOMOMORPHIC FILTERING

PRESENTED BY
[Link] KUMAR
R NO:94015
[Link] (E.I) IIIRD SEM
IMAGE FORMATION MODEL

Images are denoted by two dimensional functions of


the form f(x,y).
0<f(x,y)<∞
The functio f(x,y) may be characterized by two
components

1) Illumination
2) Reflection
The two functions combine as a product to form
f(x,y):
f(x,y)=i(x,y)r(x,y)

0<i(x,y)<∞
and
0<r(x,y)<1
The fourier transform of the product of two
functions is not seperable :
Ŧ{f(x,y)} ≠Ŧ {i(x,y)}Ŧ{r(x,y)}

Suppose if we define
z(x,y)=ln f(x,y)
=ln i(x,y)+ln r(x,y)
Then
Ŧ{ z(x,y)} =Ŧ {ln(f(x,y)}
= Ŧ{ln i(x,y)}+Ŧ{ln r(x,y)}

Z(u,v) =Fi(x,y) +Fr(x,y)


Now if we process Z(u,v)by means of a filter function
H(u,v) then
S(u,v)= H(u,v)Z(u,v)
= H(u,v) Fi(u,v) + H(u,v) Fr(u,v)
s(x,y) =Ŧ-1{S(u,v)}
=Ŧ-1 {H(u,v) Fi(u,v)} + Ŧ-1{H(u,v) Fr(u,v)}
By letting
i’(x,y) = Ŧ-1 {H(u,v) Fi(u,v)}
And
r’(x,y) = Ŧ-1{H(u,v) Fr(u,v)},
Now s(x,y) can be expressed as
s(x,y) = i’(x,y)+r’(x,y)
Enhanced image g(x,y) is

g(x,y)=es(x,y)
=e i’(x,y). er’(x,y)

=i(x,y) r(x,y)
f(u,v) H(u,v)F(u,v)
Filter Inverse
Fourier
function Fourier
transform
H(u,v) transform

Pre Post
-processing -processing

f(x,y) g(x,y)
Input image enhanced image
Homomorphic filtering for image enhancement

f(x,y)

ln DFT H(u,v)
g(x,y)

Inverse DFT exp


The illumination component of an image generally is
characterized by slow spatial variations.
Reflectance components tend to vary abruptly at the
junctions of dissimilar objects.
Control can be gained over the illumination and
reflectance components with a homomorphic filter.
Filter function
original image image processed by homomorphic filtering
conclusions

Application of homomorphic filtering results in


 Sharper image
 Increase in contrast
 Increase in dynamic range compression

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