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MEC701 Week 10: Heat Exchangers Overview

This document summarizes key aspects of heat exchangers discussed in a lecture on heat transfer. There are three basic types of heat exchangers: concentric tube, cross-flow, and shell-and-tube. Heat exchanger analysis can determine existing heat transfer and outlet temperatures, or design a new heat exchanger to meet a required heat transfer with specified inlet/outlet temperatures. The overall heat transfer coefficient is essential, representing the total thermal resistance across solid walls and flowing fluids in a heat exchanger.

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8 views3 pages

MEC701 Week 10: Heat Exchangers Overview

This document summarizes key aspects of heat exchangers discussed in a lecture on heat transfer. There are three basic types of heat exchangers: concentric tube, cross-flow, and shell-and-tube. Heat exchanger analysis can determine existing heat transfer and outlet temperatures, or design a new heat exchanger to meet a required heat transfer with specified inlet/outlet temperatures. The overall heat transfer coefficient is essential, representing the total thermal resistance across solid walls and flowing fluids in a heat exchanger.

Uploaded by

Mehraz Haque
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Week 10 Lecture Note: MEC701 HEAT TRANSFER

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Heat Exchangers (HXs) (Sections 11-1 to 11-4)


Types of HXs:
Classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction. There are three basic types:
1. Concentric tube HXs

Figure 11-1: Different flow arrangement and associated temperature profiles in a doublepipe (or concentric tube) heat exchanger.
Note: It is practical to flow hot fluid inside:
1. concerning safety issue
2. minimizing heat loss to surroundings and hence maximizing heat exchange between the
fluids.
2. Cross-flow heat exchangers

Gas or air
Ti or T1

To or T2

ti
or
t1
to or t2

Liquid or water

Cross-flow finned-tube HX
with both fluids unmixed (Figure 11-4(a))

Symbol

Week 10 Lecture Note: MEC701 HEAT TRANSFER


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ti or t1
Ti or T1

To or T2
ti

to or t2

Symbol

Cross-flow unfinned-tube HX
with one fluid mixed and the other unmixed (Figure 11-4(b))
3. Shell-and-tube HXs

Shell-and-tube HX with one shell pass


and one tube pass (counter-flow) (Figure 11-5)
Note: The baffles on the shell side is to induce turbulence
and a cross-flow velocity component.

Shell-and-tube HX with one shell pass and two tube passes (Figure 11-6(a))

Shell-and-tube HX with two shell pass (or multiple shell passes)


and four tube passes (or multiple tube passes) (Figure 11-6(b))

Week 10 Lecture Note: MEC701 HEAT TRANSFER


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4. Plate HXs

Figure 11-7: A plate-and-frame liquid-to-liquid HX.

There are two methods used to analyze heat exchangers, namely: (1) LMTD and (2) effectiveness-NTU
methods. But we will only cover the LMTD method.
Heat Exchanger Analysis
The purpose of heat exchanger analysis can be two-fold:
Analysis #1: To analyze an existing HX for predicting the heat exchange ( Q ) and outlet
temperatures (Tc,o and Th,o). This type of problem is classified as a heat exchanger
performance analysis. An iteration procedure is required for the LMTD method, since
the outlet temperatures are unknown.
Note: FYI (not in final exam), the effectiveness-NTU method in section 11-5 is
preferable for analyzing this problem without the need of iteration.
Analysis #2: To design a new HX for performing a particular task, i.e. meeting a required Q with
specified inlet and outlet temperatures and obtaining the designed heat transfer
surface area A. This type of problem is classified as a heat exchanger design analysis.
Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
The overall heat transfer coefficient (U) or the total thermal resistance (Rtotal) is an essential part of heat
exchanger analysis. Typically, a heat exchanger involves two flowing fluids separated by a solid wall
and the heat transfer is given by

Ti

Ts,i

Ts,o

Note: See Week 10 handout for more details about the overall heat transfer coefficient.

To

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