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Microprocessor Operations Overview

The document discusses three types of operations in a microprocessor: microprocessor initiated operations, internal operations, and peripheral initiated operations. It then focuses on microprocessor initiated operations, which include four primary communication processes between the microprocessor and peripheral devices: memory read, memory write, I/O read, and I/O write. The memory read operation is described in detail, involving the microprocessor placing the memory address on the address bus, activating the memory read control signal, the memory identifying the location and placing the contents on the data bus, and the microprocessor reading the data bus.

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72 views12 pages

Microprocessor Operations Overview

The document discusses three types of operations in a microprocessor: microprocessor initiated operations, internal operations, and peripheral initiated operations. It then focuses on microprocessor initiated operations, which include four primary communication processes between the microprocessor and peripheral devices: memory read, memory write, I/O read, and I/O write. The memory read operation is described in detail, involving the microprocessor placing the memory address on the address bus, activating the memory read control signal, the memory identifying the location and placing the contents on the data bus, and the microprocessor reading the data bus.

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Ambuj
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Operation Types in a Microprocessor

All of the operations of the microprocessor can be classified into


one of three types:
o Microprocessor Initiated Operations
o Internal Operations
o Peripheral Initiated Operations

Microprocessor Initiated Operations and 8085


BUS Organization

Microprocessor Performs primarily four operations as a part of


communication process between MPU and peripheral devices.

1.

Memory Read : Reads data ( instructions) from memory

2.

Memory Write : Writes data ( instructions) in to memory

3.

I/O Read : Accepts data from input devices.

4.

I/O Write : Sends data to output devices

To communicate with a peripheral, the MPU need to perform following


steps :-

1.

Identify the peripherals or the memory location (with its address)

2.

Transfer binary information ( data and instructions )

3.

Provide timing or synchronization signals (control signals)

Memory Read Operation

The Read Operation


To read the contents of a memory location, the
following steps take place:
The microprocessor places the 16-bit address
of the memory location on the address bus.
The microprocessor activates a control signal
called memory read which enables the
memory chip.
The memory decodes the
identifies the right location.

address

and

The memory places the contents on the data


bus.
4 The microprocessor reads the value of the data
bus after a certain amount of time.

Example: Instruction Fetch Operation

All instructions (program steps) are stored in memory.


To run a program, the individual instructions must
be read from the memory in sequence, and executed.
Program counter puts the 16-bit memory address of the
instruction on the address bus
Control unit sends the Memory Read Enable signal to
access the memory
The 8-bit instruction stored in memory is placed on the
data bus and transferred to the instruction decoder
Instruction is decoded and executed

Example: Instruction Fetch Operation

Example: Instruction Fetch Operation

11

010

010

001

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