Package FuzzyNumbers

February 26, 2015

Title Tools to Deal with Fuzzy Numbers
Type Package
Description S4 classes and methods
to deal with fuzzy numbers. With them you can compute any arithmetic
operations (e.g. by using the Zadeh extension principle),
perform approximation of arbitrary FNs by trapezoidal and piecewise
linear FNs, prepare plots of FNs for publications, calculate
possibility and necessity values for comparisons, etc.
Version 0.4-1
Date 2015-02-26
URL [Link]
BugReports [Link]
License LGPL (>= 3)
ByteCompile TRUE
VignetteBuilder knitr
Suggests knitr
Depends R (>= 3.0.0), methods, grDevices, graphics, stats
Author Marek Gagolewski [aut, cre],
Jan Caha [ctb]
Maintainer Marek Gagolewski <gagolews@[Link]>
NeedsCompilation no
Repository CRAN
Date/Publication 2015-02-26 12:32:10

R topics documented:
FuzzyNumbers-package
alphacut . . . . . . . . .
alphaInterval . . . . . .
ambiguity . . . . . . . .

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R topics documented:

2
approxInvert . . . . . . . . . . . . .
arctan2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
[Link] . . . . . . . . . . . . .
[Link] . . . . . . . . . .
[Link] . .
[Link] . . . . . . .
[Link] . . . .
convertAlpha . . . . . . . . . . . .
convertSide . . . . . . . . . . . . .
core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber . . . .
DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-class .
distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
evaluate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
expectedInterval . . . . . . . . . . .
expectedValue . . . . . . . . . . . .
Extract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
fapply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FuzzyNumber . . . . . . . . . . . .
FuzzyNumber-class . . . . . . . . .
integrateAlpha . . . . . . . . . . . .
integrate_discont_val . . . . . . . .
maximum . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
minimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
necessityExceedance . . . . . . . .
necessityStrictExceedance . . . . .
necessityStrictUndervaluation . . .
necessityUndervaluation . . . . . .
piecewiseLinearApproximation . . .
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber . . .
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class
plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
possibilityExceedance . . . . . . . .
possibilityStrictExceedance . . . . .
possibilityStrictUndervaluation . . .
possibilityUndervaluation . . . . . .
PowerFuzzyNumber . . . . . . . .
PowerFuzzyNumber-class . . . . .
show . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
supp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
trapezoidalApproximation . . . . .
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber . . . . .
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class . .
TriangularFuzzyNumber . . . . . .
value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
weightedExpectedValue . . . . . . .
width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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FuzzyNumbers-package

^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Index

94

FuzzyNumbers-package

Tools to Deal with Fuzzy Numbers

Description
FuzzyNumbers is an open source (LGPL 3) package for R. It provides S4 classes and methods
to deal with Fuzzy Numbers. The package may be used by the practitioners as well as by the researchers in fuzzy numbers theory (e.g. for testing new algorithms, generating numerical examples,
preparing figures).
Details
Fuzzy set theory lets us quite intuitively represent imprecise or vague information. Fuzzy numbers,
which form a particular subclass of fuzzy sets of the real line, play a significant role in many important theoretical and/or practical considerations. This is because we often describe our knowledge
about objects through numbers, e.g. "Im about 180 cm tall" or "The rocket was launched between
2 and 3 p.m.".
For the formal definition of a fuzzy number please refer to the FuzzyNumber man page. Note that
this package also deals with particular types of fuzzy numbers like trapezoidal, piecewise linear, or
parametric FNs (see TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber, PowerFuzzyNumber,
and *EXPERIMENTAL* DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber)
The package aims to provide the following functionality:
1. Representation of arbitrary fuzzy numbers (including FNs with discontinuous side functions
and/or alpha-cuts), as well as their particular types, e.g. trapezoidal and piecewise linear fuzzy
numbers,
2. Defuzzification and approximation by triangular and piecewise linear FNs (see e.g. expectedValue,
value, trapezoidalApproximation, piecewiseLinearApproximation),
3. Visualization of FNs (see plot, [Link]),
4. Basic operations on FNs (see e.g. fapply and Arithmetic),
5. Aggregation of FNs **TO DO**,
6. Ranking of FNs **TO DO**,
7. Random FN generation **TO DO**,
8. . . .
Please feel free to send any comments and feature requests to the author (see his homepage at
[Link]
For a complete list of classes and methods call help(package="FuzzyNumbers"). Moreover, you
will surely be interested in a step-by-step guide to the package usage and features which is available
at the projects webpage.

FuzzyNumbers-package
Keywords: Fuzzy Numbers, Fuzzy Sets, Shadowed Sets, Trapezoidal Approximation, Piecewise
Linear Approximation, Approximate Reasoning, Imprecision, Vagueness, Randomness.
Acknowledgments: Many thanks to Jan Caha, Przemyslaw Grzegorzewski, Lucian Coroianu, and
Pablo Villacorta Iglesias for stimulating discussion.
The development of the package in March-June 2013 was partially supported by the European
Union from resources of the European Social Fund, Project PO KL Information technologies:
Research and their interdisciplinary applications, agreement UDA-POKL.04.01.01-00-051/10-00.

Author(s)
Marek Gagolewski <gagolews@[Link]>,
with contributions from Jan Caha
References
FuzzyNumbers Homepage, [Link]
Ban A.I. (2008), Approximation of fuzzy numbers by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers preserving the
expected interval, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 159, pp. 1327-1344.
Ban A.I. (2009), On the nearest parametric approximation of a fuzzy number - Revisited, Fuzzy
Sets and Systems 160, pp. 3027-3047.
Bodjanova S. (2005), Median value and median interval of a fuzzy number, Information Sciences
172, pp. 73-89.
Chanas S. (2001), On the interval approximation of a fuzzy number, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 122,
pp. 353-356.
Coroianu L., Gagolewski M., Grzegorzewski P. (2013), Nearest Piecewise Linear Approximation
of Fuzzy Numbers, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 233, pp. 26-51.
Coroianu L., Gagolewski M., Grzegorzewski P., Adabitabar Firozja M., Houlari T. (2014), Piecewise linear approximation of fuzzy numbers preserving the support and core, In: Laurent A. et al.
(Eds.), Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, Part
II (CCIS 443), Springer, pp. 244-254.
Delgado M., Vila M.A., Voxman W. (1998), On a canonical representation of a fuzzy number, Fuzzy
Sets and Systems 93, pp. 125-135.
Dubois D., Prade H. (1978), Operations on fuzzy numbers, Int. J. Syst. Sci. 9, pp. 613-626.
Dubois D., Prade H. (1987a), The mean value of a fuzzy number, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 24, pp.
279-300.
Dubois D., Prade H. (1987b), Fuzzy numbers: An overview, In: Analysis of Fuzzy Information.
Mathematical Logic, vol. I, CRC Press, pp. 3-39.
Grzegorzewski P. (2010), Algorithms for trapezoidal approximations of fuzzy numbers preserving the expected interval, In: Bouchon-Meunier B. et al (Eds.), Foundations of Reasoning Under
Uncertainty, Springer, pp. 85-98.
Grzegorzewski P. (1998), Metrics and orders in space of fuzzy numbers, Fuzzy Sets and Systems
97, pp. 83-94.
Grzegorzewski P,. Pasternak-Winiarska K. (2011), Trapezoidal approximations of fuzzy numbers
with restrictions on the support and core, Proc. EUSFLAT/LFA 2011, Atlantic Press, pp. 749-756.

alphacut

Klir G.J., Yuan B. (1995), Fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic. Theory and applications, Prentice Hall, New
Jersey.
Stefanini L., Sorini L. (2009), Fuzzy arithmetic with parametric LR fuzzy numbers, In: Proc.
IFSA/EUSFLAT 2009, pp. 600-605.
Yeh C.-T. (2008), Trapezoidal and triangular approximations preserving the expected interval, Fuzzy
Sets and Systems 159, pp. 1345-1353.

alphacut

Calculate Alpha-Cuts

Description
If A is a fuzzy numbers, then its -cuts are always in form of intervals. Moreover, the -cuts form
a nonincreasing chain w.r.t. alpha.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber,numeric'
alphacut(object, alpha)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy numbers

alpha

numeric vector with elements in [0,1]

Value
Returns a matrix with two columns (left and right alha cut bounds). if some elements in alpha are
not in [0,1], then NA is set.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumbe
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Trapez
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-met

alphaInterval

[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance,
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,
distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method;
evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Other alpha_cuts: core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method
Examples
A <- TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber(1, 2, 3, 4)
alphacut(A, c(-1, 0.4, 0.2))

alphaInterval

Calculate the Alpha-Interval of a Fuzzy Number

Description
R1
R1
We have Int(A) := [ 0 AL () d, 0 AU () d].
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
alphaInterval(object, ...)
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber'
alphaInterval(object)
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
alphaInterval(object)
## S4 method for signature 'PowerFuzzyNumber'
alphaInterval(object)

alphaInterval

Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

...

for FuzzyNumber and DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber - additional arguments passed

to integrateAlpha

Details
Note that if an instance of the FuzzyNumber or DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber class is given, the
calculation is performed via numerical integration. Otherwise, the computation is exact.
Value
Returns numeric vector of length 2.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

alphaInterval

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; arctan2,
arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link],
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other PowerFuzzyNumber-method: PowerFuzzyNumber-class; PowerFuzzyNumber; [Link],

[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-

ambiguity

+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class;
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber; TriangularFuzzyNumber; [Link], [Link]
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Trapez
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-met
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy

ambiguity

Calculate the Ambiguity of a Fuzzy Number

Description
The ambiguity (Delgado et al, 1998) is a measure of nonspecificity of a fuzzy number.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
ambiguity(object, ...)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

...

additional arguments passed to alphaInterval

Details
The ambiguity is defined as amb(A) :=

R1
0

(AU () AL ()) d.

Value
Returns a single numeric value.
References
Delgado M., Vila M.A., Voxman W. (1998), On a canonical representation of a fuzzy number, Fuzzy
Sets and Systems 93, pp. 125-135.

10

approxInvert

See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumbe
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Trapez
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-met
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance,
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,
distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method;
evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Other characteristics: expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method;
weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

approxInvert

Approximate the Inverse of a Given Function

Description
The function may be used to create side generating functions from alpha-cut generators and inversely.

arctan2

11

Usage
approxInvert(f, method = c("[Link]", "linear", "hyman"), n = 500)
Arguments
f

a monotonic, continuous function f: [0,1]->[0,1]

method

interpolation method: [Link], hyman or linear

number of interpolation points

Details
The function is a wrapper to splinefun and approxfun. Thus, interpolation is used.
Value
Returns a new function, the approximate inverse of the input.
See Also
FuzzyNumber
Other auxiliary: convertAlpha; convertSide

arctan2

Arc-tangent

Description
The arc-tangent of two arguments arctan2(y, x) returns the angle between the x-axis and the vector
from the origin to (x, y) for PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbers.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
arctan2(y, x)
Arguments
y

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
Note that resulting values are no longer from interval [-pi,pi] but [-1.5pi,pi], in order to provide
valid fuzzy numbers as result.

12

arctan2

Value
Returns a fuzzy number of the class PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber indicating the angle specified
by the input fuzzy numbers. The range of results is [-1.5pi,pi].
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Examples
y = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-2, 3, 5), knot.n = 9)
x = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-4.8, -4, 1.5), knot.n = 9)
arctan2(y,x)

Arithmetic

Arithmetic

13

Arithmetic Operations on Fuzzy Numbers

Description
Applies arithmetic operations using the extension principle and interval-based calculations.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'numeric,FuzzyNumber'
e1 + e2 # e2 + e1
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber'
e1 + e2
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
e1 + e2
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric'
e1 + e2
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber'
e1 + e2 # calls [Link]()
## S4 method for signature 'numeric,FuzzyNumber'
e1 - e2 # e2*(-1) + e1
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber'
e1 - e2
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
e1 - e2
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric'
e1 - e2
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber'
e1 - e2 # calls [Link]()
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber,ANY'
e1 - e2 # -e1
## S4 method for signature 'numeric,FuzzyNumber'
e1 * e2 # e2 * e1

14

Arithmetic
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric'
e1 * e2
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
e1 * e2
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber'
e1 * e2 # calls [Link]()
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric'
e1 * e2
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric'
e1 / e2
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
e1 / e2
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber'
e1 / e2 # calls [Link]()

Arguments
e1

a fuzzy number or single numeric value

e2

a fuzzy number or single numeric value

Details
Implemented operators: +, -, *, / for piecewise linear fuzzy numbers. Also some versions may be
applied on numeric values and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers.
Note that according to the theory the class of PLFNs is not closed under the operations * and /.
However, if you operate on a large number of knots, the results should be satisfactory.
Value
Returns a fuzzy number of the class PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber or TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method

alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumbe
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Trapez
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-met
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,

Arithmetic

15

[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance,
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,
distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method;
evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber;

^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber;

TriangularFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFu
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;

16

[Link]

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]

[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method

Other extension_principle: ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzy

[Link]

Get Basic Information on a Fuzzy Number in a String

Description
This method is especially useful if you would like to generate LaTeX equations defining a fuzzy
numbers.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
[Link](x, toLaTeX=FALSE, varnameLaTeX="A")
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber'
[Link](x, toLaTeX=FALSE, varnameLaTeX="A")
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
[Link](x, toLaTeX=FALSE, varnameLaTeX="A")
## S4 method for signature 'PowerFuzzyNumber'
[Link](x, toLaTeX=FALSE, varnameLaTeX="A")
Arguments
x

a fuzzy number

toLaTeX

logical; should LaTeX code be output?

varnameLaTeX

character; variable name to be included in equations

Details
Consider calling the cat function on the resulting string.
Thanks to Jan Caha for suggesting the toLaTeX arg.

[Link]

17

Value
Returns a character vector.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,

18

[Link]

alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other PowerFuzzyNumber-method: PowerFuzzyNumber-class; PowerFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval,

alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

Other conversion: [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method

[Link]

Converts an Object to a Fuzzy Number

[Link]

19

Description
Please note that applying this function on a FuzzyNumber child class causes information loss, as
it drops all additional slots defined in the child classes. FuzzyNumber is the base class for all FNs.
Note that some functions for TFNs or PLFNs work much faster and are more precise. This function
shouldnt be used in normal computations.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'numeric'
[Link](object)
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
[Link](object)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number or a single numeric value (crisp number) or vector of length two
(interval)

Value
Returns an bject of class FuzzyNumber.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;

20

[Link]

expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met

expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other conversion: [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,

[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Trapez
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-met
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

[Link]
Converts an Object to a Piecewise Linear Fuzzy Number

Description
This method is only for exact conversion. For other cases (e.g. general FNs), use piecewiseLinearApproximation.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber'
[Link](object, knot.n=0,
[Link]=seq(0, 1, [Link]=knot.n+2)[-c(1,knot.n+2)])
## S4 method for signature 'numeric'
[Link](object, knot.n=0,
[Link]=seq(0, 1, [Link]=knot.n+2)[-c(1,knot.n+2)])
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
[Link](object, knot.n=0,
[Link]=seq(0, 1, [Link]=knot.n+2)[-c(1,knot.n+2)])
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
[Link](object, knot.n=0,
[Link]=seq(0, 1, [Link]=knot.n+2)[-c(1,knot.n+2)])

[Link]

21

Arguments
object

a fuzzy number or a single numeric value (crisp number) or vector of length two
(interval)

knot.n

the number of knots

[Link]

knot.n alpha-cut values at knots, defaults to uniformly distributed knots

Value
Returns an bject of class PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu

22

[Link]

+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,

-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link],
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class;
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber; TriangularFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-meth
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,

[Link]

23

expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy

Other conversion: [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

[Link]

Converts an Object to a Power Fuzzy Number

Description
This method is only for exact conversion.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'numeric'
[Link](object)
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
[Link](object)
## S4 method for signature 'PowerFuzzyNumber'
[Link](object)
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
[Link](object)
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber'
[Link](object)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number or a single numeric value (crisp number) or vector of length two
(interval)

Value
Returns an object of class PowerFuzzyNumber.

24

[Link]

See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance,
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,
distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method;
evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me

[Link]

25

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie

[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-met
maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; minimum,
minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other PowerFuzzyNumber-method: PowerFuzzyNumber-class; PowerFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval,

alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class;
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber; TriangularFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; [Link], [Link]
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Trapez
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],Fuz
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,

26

[Link]
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method

Other conversion: [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

[Link]
Converts an Object to a Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number

Description
This method is only for exact conversion. For other cases (e.g. general FNs), use trapezoidalApproximation.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'numeric'
[Link](object)
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
[Link](object)
## S4 method for signature 'PowerFuzzyNumber'
[Link](object)
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
[Link](object)
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber'
[Link](object)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number or a single numeric value (crisp number) or vector of length two
(interval)

Value
Returns an bject of class TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber.

[Link]

27

See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance,
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,
distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method;
evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me

28

[Link]

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-met
maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; minimum,
minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other PowerFuzzyNumber-method: PowerFuzzyNumber-class; PowerFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval,

alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class;
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber; TriangularFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; [Link], [Link]
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Trapez
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-met
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,

convertAlpha

29

plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method

Other conversion: [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

convertAlpha

Convert a Given Upper/Lower Alpha-Cut Function to an Alpha-Cut

Generating Function

Description
The resulting function calls the original function and then linearly scales its output.

Usage
convertAlpha(f, y1, y2)
Arguments
f

a function into [y1,y2]

y1

numeric vector of length 1

y2

numeric vector of length 1

Value
Returns a new function defined on [0,1] (scaled input).

See Also
FuzzyNumber
Other auxiliary: approxInvert; convertSide

30

core

convertSide

Convert a Given Side Function to Side Generating Function

Description
The resulting function linearly scales the input and passes it to the original function.
Usage
convertSide(f, x1, x2)
Arguments
f

a function defined on [x1,x2]

x1

numeric vector of length 1; if longer, only the first element is used

x2

numeric vector of length 1; if longer, only the first element is used

Details
The function works for x1<x2 and x1>x2.
Value
Returns a new function defined on [0,1] (scaled input).
See Also
FuzzyNumber
Other auxiliary: approxInvert; convertAlpha

core

Calculate the Core of a Fuzzy Number

Description
We have core(A) := [a2, a3]. This gives the values that a fuzzy number necessarily represents.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
core(object)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber

31

Value
Returns a numeric vector of length 2.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,DiscontinuousFuz
distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method;
evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Other alpha_cuts: alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method

DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber
Creates a Fuzzy Number with Possibly Discontinuous Side Functions
or Alpha-Cut Bounds

32

DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber

Description
For convenience, objects of class DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber may be created with this function.
Usage
DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber(a1, a2, a3, a4, lower = function(a) rep(NA_real_,
length(a)), upper = function(a) rep(NA_real_, length(a)),
left = function(x) rep(NA_real_, length(x)), right = function(x)
rep(NA_real_, length(x)), [Link] = numeric(0),
[Link] = numeric(0), [Link] = numeric(0),
[Link] = numeric(0))
Arguments
a1

a number specyfing left bound of the support

a2

a number specyfing left bound of the core

a3

a number specyfing right bound of the core

a4

a number specyfing right bound of the support

lower

lower alpha-cut bound generator; a nondecreasing function [0,1]->[0,1] or returning NA_real_

upper

upper alpha-cut bound generator; a nonincreasing function [0,1]->[1,0] or returning NA_real_

left

lower side function generator; a nondecreasing function [0,1]->[0,1] or returning

NA_real_

right

upper side function generator; a nonincreasing function [0,1]->[1,0] or returning

NA_real_

[Link]
nondecreasingly sorted numeric vector with elements in (0,1), possibly of length
0
[Link]
nondecreasingly sorted numeric vector with elements in (0,1), possibly of length
0
[Link]
nondecreasingly sorted numeric vector with elements in (0,1), possibly of length
0
[Link]
nondecreasingly sorted numeric vector with elements in (0,1), possibly of length
0
Value
Object of class DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber

DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-class

33

See Also

Other DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method: DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-class; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFu

distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,chara
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missi
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-class
**EXPERIMENTAL** S4 Class Representing a Fuzzy Number with
Discontinuous Side Functions or Alpha-Cut Bounds

Description
Discontinuity information increase the precision of some numerical integration-based algorithms,
e.g. of piecewiseLinearApproximation. It also allows for making more valid fuzzy number
plots.
Slots
a1, a2, a3, a4, lower, upper, left, right: Inherited from the FuzzyNumber class.
[Link]: nondecreasingly sorted numeric vector with elements in (0,1); discontinuity points for the left side generating function
[Link]: nondecreasingly sorted numeric vector with elements in (0,1); discontinuity points for the right side generating function
[Link]: nondecreasingly sorted numeric vector with elements in (0,1); discontinuity points for the lower alpha-cut bound generator
[Link]: nondecreasingly sorted numeric vector with elements in (0,1); discontinuity points for the upper alpha-cut bound generator
Extends
Class FuzzyNumber, directly.
See Also
DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber for a convenient constructor

Other DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method: DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNum

distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,chara
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missi
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
Examples
showClass("DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber")
showMethods(classes="DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber")

34

distance

distance

Calculate the Distance Between Two Fuzzy Numbers

Description
Currently, only Euclidean distance may be calculated. We have d2E (A, B) :=
BU ())2 d, see (Grzegorzewski, 1988).

R1
0

(AL ()BL ())2 d,

Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber'
distance(e1, e2, type=c("Euclidean", "EuclideanSquared"), ...)
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber'
distance(e1, e2, type=c("Euclidean", "EuclideanSquared"), ...)
## S4 method for signature 'DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber'
distance(e1, e2, type=c("Euclidean", "EuclideanSquared"), ...)
## S4 method for signature 'DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber'
distance(e1, e2, type=c("Euclidean", "EuclideanSquared"), ...)
Arguments
e1

a fuzzy number

e2

a fuzzy number

...

additional arguments passed to integrate

type

one of "Euclidean", "EuclideanSquared"

Details
The calculation are done using numerical integration,
Value
Returns the calculated distance, i.e. a single numeric value.
References
Grzegorzewski P., Metrics and orders in space of fuzzy numbers, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 97, 1998,
pp. 83-94.

R1
0

+(AU ()

evaluate

35

See Also

Other DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method: DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-class; DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber;

integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missi
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; expectedInterval,
expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

evaluate

Evaluate the Membership Function

Description
This function returns the value(s) of the membership function of a fuzzy number at given point(s).

36

evaluate

Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber,numeric'
evaluate(object, x)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy numbers

numeric vector

Value
Returns a numeric vector.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,

expectedInterval

37

trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,

weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Examples
T <- TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber(1,2,3,4)
evaluate(T, seq(0, 5, by=0.5))

expectedInterval

Calculate the Expected Interval of a Fuzzy Number

Description
We have EI(A) := [

R1
0

AL () d,

R1
0

AU () d], see (Duboid, Prade, 1987).

Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
expectedInterval(object, ...)
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber'
expectedInterval(object)
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
expectedInterval(object)
## S4 method for signature 'PowerFuzzyNumber'
expectedInterval(object)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

...

for FuzzyNumber and DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber - additional arguments passed

to integrateAlpha

Details
Note that if an instance of the FuzzyNumber or DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber class is given, the
calculation is performed via numerical integration. Otherwise, the computation is exact.
Value
Returns a numeric vector of length 2.
References
Dubois D., Prade H. (1987), The mean value of a fuzzy number, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 24, pp.
279-300.

38

expectedInterval

See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me

expectedInterval

39

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other PowerFuzzyNumber-method: PowerFuzzyNumber-class; PowerFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval,

alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class;
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber; TriangularFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; [Link], [Link]
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Trapez
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-met
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,

40

expectedValue

plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy

expectedValue

Calculate the Expected Value of a Fuzzy Number

Description
The calculation of the so-called expected value is one of possible methods to deffuzify a fuzzy
number.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
expectedValue(object, ...)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

...

additional arguments passed to expectedInterval

Details
The expected value of A is defined as EV (A) := (EIU (A) + EIL (A))/2, where EI is the
expectedInterval.
Value
Returns a single numeric value.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Extract

41

[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Other characteristics: ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method;
weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other deffuzification: value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNu

Extract

FuzzyNumber Slot Accessors

Description
For possible slot names see man pages for the FuzzyNumber class and its derivatives
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber,character'
x[i]
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,character'
x[i]
## S4 method for signature 'PowerFuzzyNumber,character'
x[i]
## S4 method for signature 'DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character'
x[i]
Arguments
x

a fuzzy number

character; slot name

42

fapply

Details
All slot accessors are read-only.
Value
Returns the slot value.
Examples
A <- FuzzyNumber(1,2,3,4)
A["a1"]
A["right"]

fapply

Apply a Function on a Fuzzy Number

Description
Applies a given monotonic function using the extension principle (i.e. the function is applied on
alpha-cuts).
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function'
fapply(object, fun, ...)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

fun

a monotonic, vectorized R function

...

additional arguments passed to fun

Details
Currently only a method for the PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber class has been defined. The computations are exact (up to a numeric error) at knots. So, make sure you have a sufficient number of
knots if you want good approximation.
For other types of fuzzy numbers, consider using piecewiseLinearApproximation.
Value
Returns a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber.

fapply

43

See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; minimum,
minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other extension_principle: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,P

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method

44

FuzzyNumber

FuzzyNumber

Creates a Fuzzy Number

Description
For convenience, objects of class FuzzyNumber may be created with this function.
Usage
FuzzyNumber(a1, a2, a3, a4, lower = function(a) rep(NA_real_, length(a)),
upper = function(a) rep(NA_real_, length(a)), left = function(x)
rep(NA_real_, length(x)), right = function(x) rep(NA_real_, length(x)))
Arguments
a1

a number specyfing left bound of the support

a2

a number specyfing left bound of the core

a3

a number specyfing right bound of the core

a4

a number specyfing right bound of the support

lower

lower alpha-cut bound generator; a nondecreasing function [0,1]->[0,1] or returning NA_real_

upper

upper alpha-cut bound generator; a nonincreasing function [0,1]->[1,0] or returning NA_real_

left

lower side function generator; a nondecreasing function [0,1]->[0,1] or returning

NA_real_

right

upper side function generator; a nonincreasing function [0,1]->[1,0] or returning

NA_real_

Value
Object of class FuzzyNumber
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;

FuzzyNumber-class

45

alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

FuzzyNumber-class

S4 class Representing a Fuzzy Number

Description
Formally, a fuzzy number A (Dubois, Prade, 1987) is a fuzzy subset of the real line R with membership function given by:

(x) =

|0
| lef t((x a1)/(a2 a1))
|1
| right((x a3)/(a4 a3))
|0

if x < a1,
if a1 x < a2,
if a2 x a3,
if a3 < x a4,
if a4 < x,

where a1, a2, a3, a4 R, a1 a2 a3 a4, lef t : [0, 1] [0, 1] is a nondecreasing function
called the left side generator of A, and right : [0, 1] [0, 1] is a nonincreasing function called the
right side generator of A. Note that this is a so-called L-R representation of a fuzzy number.
Alternatively, it may be shown that each fuzzy number A may be uniquely determined by specifying
its -cuts, A(). We have A(0) = [a1, a4] and
A() = [a1 + (a2 a1) lower(), a3 + (a4 a3) upper()]

46

FuzzyNumber-class
for 0 < 1, where lower : [0, 1] [0, 1] and upper : [0, 1] [0, 1] are, respectively, strictly
increasing and decreasing functions satisfying lower() = inf{x : (x) } and upper() =
sup{x : (x) }.

Details
Please note that many algorithms that deal with fuzzy numbers often use -cuts rather than side
functions.
Note that the FuzzyNumbers package also deals with particular types of fuzzy numbers like trapezoidal, piecewise linear, or parametric FNs.
Slots
a1: Single numeric value specifying the left bound for the support.
a2: Single numeric value specifying the left bound for the core.
a3: Single numeric value specifying the right bound for the core.
a4: Single numeric value specifying the right bound for the support.
lower: A nondecreasing function [0,1]->[0,1] that gives the lower alpha-cut bound.
upper: A nonincreasing function [0,1]->[1,0] that gives the upper alpha-cut bound.
left: A nondecreasing function [0,1]->[0,1] that gives the left side function.
right: A nonincreasing function [0,1]->[1,0] that gives the right side function.
Child/sub classes
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber, PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber, PowerFuzzyNumber, and DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber
References
Dubois D., Prade H. (1987), Fuzzy numbers: An overview, In: Analysis of Fuzzy Information.
Mathematical Logic, vol. I, CRC Press, pp. 3-39.
See Also
FuzzyNumber for a convenient constructor, and [Link] for conversion of objects to this
class. Also, see convertSide for creating side functions generators, convertAlpha for creating
alpha-cut bounds generators, approxInvert for inverting side functions/alpha-cuts numerically.

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;

integrateAlpha

47

alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;

[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Examples
showClass("FuzzyNumber")
showMethods(classes="FuzzyNumber")

integrateAlpha

Numerically Integrate Alpha-Cut Bounds

Description
Integrates numerically a transformed or weighted lower or upper alpha-cut bound of a fuzzy number.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric'
integrateAlpha(object, which=c("lower", "upper"),
from=0, to=1, weight=NULL, transform=NULL, ...)
## S4 method for signature 'DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric'
integrateAlpha(object, which=c("lower", "upper"),
from=0, to=1, weight=NULL, transform=NULL, ...)

48

integrateAlpha

Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

which

one of "lower", "upper"

from

numeric

to

numeric

...

additional arguments passed to integrate or integrate_discont_val

weight

a function or NULL

transform

a function or NULL

Value
Returns a single numeric value.
See Also

Other DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method: DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-class; DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber;

distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,DiscontinuousFuz
distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method;
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met

integrate_discont_val

49

expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation, piecewiseLinearApproxima
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

integrate_discont_val Integrate a Function with at Most Finite Number of Discontinuities

*EXPERIMENTAL*

Description
The function uses multiple calls to integrate.

Usage
integrate_discont_val(f, from, to, discontinuities = numeric(0), ...)

Arguments
f

an R function taking a numeric vector of length 1 as its first argument and returning a numeric vector of length 1

from

the lower limit of integration

to

the upper limit of integration

discontinuities
nondecreasingly sorted numeric vector which indicates the points at which f is
discontinuous
...

further arguments to be passed to the integrate function.

Value
Returns the estimate of the integral.

50

maximum

maximum

Maximum of fuzzy nubmers

Description
Determines maximum fuzzy number based on two inputs.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
maximum(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
The resulting PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber is only an approximation of the result it might not be
very precise for small number of knots (see examples).
Value
Returns a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber representing maximal value of the inputs.
References
KAUFMANN, A., GUPTA, M. M. (1985) Introduction to Fuzzy Arithmetic. New York : Van
Nostrand Reinhold Company. ISBN 044230079.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]

maximum

51

[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
necessityExceedance, necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Other min_max-operators: minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
Examples
# example with low number of knots, showing the approximate nature
# of the result
x = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-4.8, -3 , -1.5))
y = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-5.5, -2.5, -1.1))
maxFN = maximum(x,y)
min = min(alphacut(x,0)[1],alphacut(y,0)[1])
max = max(alphacut(x,0)[2],alphacut(y,0)[2])
plot(x, col="red", xlim=c(min,max))
plot(y, col="blue", add=TRUE)
plot(maxFN, col="green", add=TRUE)
# example with high number of knots, that does not suffer
# from the approximate nature of the result
x = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-4.8, -3 , -1.5), knot.n = 9)
y = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-5.5, -2.5, -1.1), knot.n = 9)
maxFN = maximum(x,y)
min = min(alphacut(x,0)[1],alphacut(y,0)[1])
max = max(alphacut(x,0)[2],alphacut(y,0)[2])
plot(x, col="red", xlim=c(min,max))
plot(y, col="blue", add=TRUE)
plot(maxFN, col="green", add=TRUE)

52

minimum

minimum

Minimum of fuzzy nubmers

Description
Determines minimum fuzzy number based on two inputs.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
minimum(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
The resulting PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber is only an approximation of the result it might not be
very precise for small number of knots (see examples).
Value
Returns a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber representing maximal value of the inputs.
References
KAUFMANN, A., GUPTA, M. M. (1985) Introduction to Fuzzy Arithmetic. New York : Van
Nostrand Reinhold Company. ISBN 044230079.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]

minimum

53

[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
necessityExceedance, necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Other min_max-operators: maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
Examples
# example with low number of knots, showing the approximate nature
# of the result
x = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-4.8, -3 , -1.5))
y = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-5.5, -2.5, -1.1))
minFN = minimum(x,y)
min = min(alphacut(x,0)[1],alphacut(y,0)[1])
max = max(alphacut(x,0)[2],alphacut(y,0)[2])
plot(x, col="red", xlim=c(min,max))
plot(y, col="blue", add=TRUE)
plot(minFN, col="green", add=TRUE)
# example with high number of knots, that does not suffer
# from the approximate nature of the result
x = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-4.8, -3 , -1.5), knot.n = 9)
y = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-5.5, -2.5, -1.1), knot.n = 9)
minFN = minimum(x,y)
min = min(alphacut(x,0)[1],alphacut(y,0)[1])
max = max(alphacut(x,0)[2],alphacut(y,0)[2])
plot(x, col="red", xlim=c(min,max))
plot(y, col="blue", add=TRUE)
plot(minFN, col="green", add=TRUE)

54

necessityExceedance

necessityExceedance

Necessity of exceedance

Description
Determines value of necessity of e1 >= e2, the result is from range [0,1]. Value 0 indicates no
fulfilment of the operator and 1 indicates complete fulfilment.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
necessityExceedance(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
The detailed description of the operator and its definition is provided in article referenced below.
Value
Returns a value from range [0,1] indicating the necessity of exceedance of e2 by e1.
References
DUBOIS, Didier and PRADE, Henri, 1983, Ranking Fuzzy Numbers in the Setting of Possibility
Theory. Information Sciences. 1983. Vol. 30, no. 3, p. 183224.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]

necessityStrictExceedance

55

[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityStrictExceedan
necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other comparison-operators: necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumb

necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Examples
a <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(2, 3, 5)
b <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(1.5, 4, 4.8)
a <- [Link](a, knot.n = 9)
b <- [Link](b, knot.n = 9)
necessityExceedance(a,b)

necessityStrictExceedance
Necessity of strict exceedance

Description
Determines value of necessity of e1 > e2, the result is from range [0,1]. Value 0 indicates no
fulfilment of the operator and 1 indicates complete fulfilment.

56

necessityStrictExceedance

Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
necessityStrictExceedance(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
The detailed description of the operator and its definition is provided in article referenced below.
Value
Returns a value from range [0,1] indicating the strict necessity of exceedance of e2 by e1.
References
DUBOIS, Didier and PRADE, Henri, 1983, Ranking Fuzzy Numbers in the Setting of Possibility
Theory. Information Sciences. 1983. Vol. 30, no. 3, p. 183224.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;

necessityStrictUndervaluation

57

fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,

minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other comparison-operators: necessityExceedance, necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise

necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Examples
a <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(2, 3, 5)
b <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(1.5, 4, 4.8)
a <- [Link](a, knot.n = 9)
b <- [Link](b, knot.n = 9)
necessityStrictExceedance(a,b)

necessityStrictUndervaluation
Necessity of strict undervaluation

Description
Determines value of necessity of e1 < e2, the result is from range [0,1]. Value 0 indicates no
fulfilment of the operator and 1 indicates complete fulfilment.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
necessityStrictUndervaluation(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

58

necessityStrictUndervaluation

Details
The detailed description of the operator and its definition is provided in article referenced below.
Value
Returns a value from range [0,1] indicating the necessity of exceedance of e2 by e1.
References
DUBOIS, Didier and PRADE, Henri, 1983, Ranking Fuzzy Numbers in the Setting of Possibility
Theory. Information Sciences. 1983. Vol. 30, no. 3, p. 183224.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

necessityUndervaluation

59

Other comparison-operators: necessityExceedance, necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise

necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Examples
a <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(0.2, 1.0, 2.8)
b <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(0, 1.8, 2.2)
a <- [Link](a, knot.n = 9)
b <- [Link](b, knot.n = 9)
necessityStrictUndervaluation(a,b)

necessityUndervaluation
Necessity of undervaluation

Description
Determines value of necessity of e1 <= e2, the result is from range [0,1]. Value 0 indicates no
fulfilment of the operator and 1 indicates complete fulfilment.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
necessityUndervaluation(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
The detailed description of the operator and its definition is provided in article referenced below.
Value
Returns a value from range [0,1] indicating the necessity of exceedance of e2 by e1.
References
DUBOIS, Didier and PRADE, Henri, 1983, Ranking Fuzzy Numbers in the Setting of Possibility
Theory. Information Sciences. 1983. Vol. 30, no. 3, p. 183224.

60

necessityUndervaluation

See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other comparison-operators: necessityExceedance, necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise

necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Examples
a <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(0.2, 1.0, 2.8)
b <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(0, 1.8, 2.2)

piecewiseLinearApproximation

61

a <- [Link](a, knot.n = 9)

b <- [Link](b, knot.n = 9)
necessityUndervaluation(a,b)

piecewiseLinearApproximation
Piecewise Linear Approximation of a Fuzzy Number

Description
This method finds a piecewise linear approximation P (A) of a given fuzzy number A by using the
algorithm specified by the method parameter.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
piecewiseLinearApproximation(object,
method=c("NearestEuclidean", "SupportCorePreserving",
"Naive"),
knot.n=1, [Link]=seq(0, 1, [Link]=knot.n+2)[-c(1,knot.n+2)],
..., verbose=FALSE)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

...

further arguments passed to integrateAlpha [only "NearestEuclidean" and

"SupportCorePreserving"]

method

character; one of: "NearestEuclidean" (default), "SupportCorePreserving",

or "Naive"

knot.n

desired number of knots (if missing, then calculated from given [Link])

[Link]

alpha-cuts at which knots will be positioned (defaults to equally distributed

knots)

verbose

logical; should some technical details on the computations being performed be

printed? [only "NearestEuclidean"]

Details
method may be one of:
1. NearestEuclidean: see (Coroianu, Gagolewski, Grzegorzewski, 2013 and 2014a); uses numerical integration, see integrateAlpha. Slow for large knot.n.
2. SupportCorePreserving: This method was proposed in (Coroianu et al., 2014b) and is currently only available for knot.n==1. It is the L2-nearest piecewise linear approximation with
constraints core(A)==core(P(A)) and supp(A)==supp(P(A)); uses numerical integration.
3. Naive: We have core(A)==core(P(A)) and supp(A)==supp(P(A)) and the knots are taken directly from the specified alpha cuts (linear interpolation).

62

piecewiseLinearApproximation

Value
Returns a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber object.
References
Coroianu L., Gagolewski M., Grzegorzewski P. (2013), Nearest Piecewise Linear Approximation
of Fuzzy Numbers, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 233, pp. 26-51.
Coroianu L., Gagolewski M., Grzegorzewski P., Adabitabar Firozja M., Houlari T. (2014a), Piecewise linear approximation of fuzzy numbers preserving the support and core, In: Laurent A. et al.
(Eds.), Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, Part
II (CCIS 443), Springer, pp. 244-254.
Coroianu L., Gagolewski M., Grzegorzewski P. (2014b), Nearest Piecewise Linear Approximation
of Fuzzy Numbers - General Case, submitted for publication.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missi
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,

PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

63

trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,

weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Other approximation: trapezoidalApproximation, trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method
Examples
(A <- FuzzyNumber(-1, 0, 1, 3,
lower=function(x) sqrt(x),upper=function(x) 1-sqrt(x)))
(PA <- piecewiseLinearApproximation(A, "NearestEuclidean",
knot.n=1, [Link]=0.2))

PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber
Creates a Piecewise Linear Fuzzy Number

Description
For convenience, objects of class PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber may be created with this function.
Usage
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber(a1, a2, a3, a4, knot.n = 0,
[Link] = numeric(0), [Link] = numeric(0),
[Link] = numeric(0))
Arguments
a1

a number specyfing left bound of the support

a2

a number specyfing left bound of the core

a3

a number specyfing right bound of the core

a4

a number specyfing right bound of the support

knot.n

the number of knots

[Link]

knot.n alpha-cut values at knots

[Link]

knot.n knots on the left side; a nondecreasingly sorted vector with elements in
[a1,a2]

[Link]

knot.n knots on the right side; a nondecreasingly sorted vector with elements
in [a3,a4]

Details
If a1, a2, a3, and a4 are missing, then [Link] and [Link] may be of length knot.n+2.
If knot.n is not given, then it guessed from length([Link]). If [Link] is missing, then
the knots will be equally distributed on the interval [0,1].

64

PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class

Value
An object of class PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class
S4 Class Representing a Piecewise Linear Fuzzy Number

PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class

65

Description
A piecewise linear fuzzy number (PLFN) has side functions and alpha-cut bounds that linearly
interpolate a given set of points (at fixed alpha-cuts).
Details
If knot.n is equal to 0 or all left and right knots lie on common lines, then a Piecewise Linear Fuzzy
Number reduces to a TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber. Note that, however, the TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber
does not inherit from PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber for efficiency reasons. To convert the former
to the latter, call [Link].
Slots
a1, a2, a3, a4, lower, upper, left, right: Inherited from the FuzzyNumber class.
knot.n: number of knots, a single integer value, 0 for a trapezoidal fuzzy number
[Link]: alpha-cuts, increasingly sorted vector of length knot.n with elements in [0,1]
[Link]: nondecreasingly sorted vector of length knot.n; defines left alpha-cut bounds at knots
[Link]: nondecreasingly sorted vector of length knot.n; defines right alpha-cut bounds at
knots
Extends
Class FuzzyNumber, directly.
See Also
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber for a convenient constructor, [Link]
for conversion of objects to this class, and piecewiseLinearApproximation for approximation
routines.

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber;
^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb

66

plot

[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Examples
showClass("PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber")
showMethods(classes="PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber")

plot

Plot a Fuzzy Number

Description
The function aims to provide a similar look-and-feel to the built-in [Link] and curve function.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber,missing'
plot(x, y, from=NULL, to=NULL, n=101, [Link]=NULL,
[Link]=TRUE, [Link]=![Link],
xlab=NULL, ylab=NULL, xlim=NULL, ylim=NULL,
type="l", col=1, lty=1, pch=1, lwd=1,
shadowdensity=15, shadowangle=45, shadowcol=col, shadowborder=NULL,
add=FALSE, ...)
## S4 method for signature 'TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing'
plot(x, y, from=NULL, to=NULL,
[Link]=TRUE, [Link]=![Link],
xlab=NULL, ylab=NULL, xlim=NULL, ylim=NULL,
type="l", col=1, lty=1, pch=1, lwd=1, add=FALSE, ...)

plot

67
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing'
plot(x, y, from=NULL, to=NULL,
[Link]=TRUE, [Link]=![Link],
xlab=NULL, ylab=NULL, xlim=NULL, ylim=NULL,
type="l", col=1, lty=1, pch=1, lwd=1, add=FALSE, ...)
## S4 method for signature 'DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing'
plot(x, y, from=NULL, to=NULL,
n=101, [Link]=TRUE, [Link]=![Link],
xlab=NULL, ylab=NULL, xlim=NULL, ylim=NULL,
type="l", col=1, lty=1, pch=1, lwd=1,
add=FALSE, ...)

Arguments
x

a fuzzy number

not used

from

numeric;

to

numeric;

numeric; number of points to probe

[Link]

numeric vector; give exact alpha-cuts at which linear interpolation should be

done
[Link]
logical; you want membership function (TRUE) or alpha-cuts plot (FALSE)?
[Link] logical; defaults ![Link]
xlab

character; x-axis label

ylab

character; y-axis label

xlim

numeric;

ylim

numeric;

type

character; defaults "l"; plot type, e.g.~"l" for lines, "p" for points, or "b" for
both

col

see [Link]

lty

see [Link]

pch

see [Link]

lwd

see [Link]

shadowdensity

numeric; for shadowed sets;

shadowangle

numeric; for shadowed sets;

shadowcol

color specification, see [Link]; for shadowed sets;

shadowborder

numeric; for shadowed sets;

add

logical; add another FuzzyNumber to existing plot?

...

further arguments passed to [Link]

68

plot

Details
Note that if from > a1 then it is set to a1.
Value
Returns nothing really interesting.
See Also

Other DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method: DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-class; DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber;

distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,DiscontinuousFuz
distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method;
integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp,
supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation, trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method;
value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

plot

69

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class;
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber; TriangularFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; [Link], [Link]
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Trapez
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-met

70

possibilityExceedance

[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method
Examples
plot(FuzzyNumber(0,1,2,3), col="gray")
plot(FuzzyNumber(0,1,2,3, left=function(x) x^2, right=function(x) 1-x^3), add=TRUE)
plot(FuzzyNumber(0,1,2,3, lower=function(x) x, upper=function(x) 1-x), add=TRUE, col=2)

possibilityExceedance Possibility of exceedance

Description
Determines value of possibility of e1 >= e2, the result is from range [0,1]. Value 0 indicates no
fulfilment of the operator and 1 indicates complete fulfilment.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
possibilityExceedance(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
The detailed description of the operator and its definition is provided in article referenced below.
Value
Returns a value from range [0,1] indicating the possibility of exceedance of e2 by e1.
References
DUBOIS, Didier and PRADE, Henri, 1983, Ranking Fuzzy Numbers in the Setting of Possibility
Theory. Information Sciences. 1983. Vol. 30, no. 3, p. 183224.

possibilityExceedance

71

See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other comparison-operators: necessityExceedance, necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise

necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Examples
a <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(2, 3, 5)
b <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(1.5, 4, 4.8)

72

possibilityStrictExceedance
a <- [Link](a, knot.n = 9)
b <- [Link](b, knot.n = 9)
possibilityExceedance(a,b)

possibilityStrictExceedance
Possibility of strict exceedance

Description
Determines value of possibility of e1 > e2, the result is from range [0,1]. Value 0 indicates no
fulfilment of the operator and 1 indicates complete fulfilment.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
possibilityStrictExceedance(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
The detailed description of the operator and its definition is provided in article referenced below.
Value
Returns a value from range [0,1] indicating the strict possibility of exceedance of e2 by e1.
References
DUBOIS, Didier and PRADE, Henri, 1983, Ranking Fuzzy Numbers in the Setting of Possibility
Theory. Information Sciences. 1983. Vol. 30, no. 3, p. 183224.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;

possibilityStrictUndervaluation

73

PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,

alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other comparison-operators: necessityExceedance, necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise

necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Examples
a <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(2, 3, 5)
b <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(1.5, 4, 4.8)
a <- [Link](a, knot.n = 9)
b <- [Link](b, knot.n = 9)
possibilityStrictExceedance(a,b)

possibilityStrictUndervaluation
Possibility of strict undervaluation

74

possibilityStrictUndervaluation

Description
Determines value of possibility of e1 < e2, the result is from range [0,1]. Value 0 indicates no
fulfilment of the operator and 1 indicates complete fulfilment.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
possibilityStrictUndervaluation(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
The detailed description of the operator and its definition is provided in article referenced below.
Value
Returns a value from range [0,1] indicating the necessity of exceedance of e2 by e1.
References
DUBOIS, Didier and PRADE, Henri, 1983, Ranking Fuzzy Numbers in the Setting of Possibility
Theory. Information Sciences. 1983. Vol. 30, no. 3, p. 183224.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb

possibilityUndervaluation

75

[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other comparison-operators: necessityExceedance, necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise

necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
Examples
a <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(0.2, 1.0, 2.8)
b <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(0, 1.8, 2.2)
a <- [Link](a, knot.n = 9)
b <- [Link](b, knot.n = 9)
possibilityStrictUndervaluation(a,b)

possibilityUndervaluation
Possibility of undervaluation

Description
Determines value of possibility of e1 <= e2, the result is from range [0,1]. Value 0 indicates no
fulfilment of the operator and 1 indicates complete fulfilment.
Usage
## S4 method for signature
## 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber'
possibilityUndervaluation(e1, e2)

76

possibilityUndervaluation

Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

Details
The detailed description of the operator and its definition is provided in article referenced below.
Value
Returns a value from range [0,1] indicating the possibility of exceedance of e2 by e1.
References
DUBOIS, Didier and PRADE, Henri, 1983, Ranking Fuzzy Numbers in the Setting of Possibility
Theory. Information Sciences. 1983. Vol. 30, no. 3, p. 183224.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; ^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method; alphaInterval,
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine

PowerFuzzyNumber

77

necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise

Other comparison-operators: necessityExceedance, necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise

necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
Examples
a <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(0.2, 1.0, 2.8)
b <- TriangularFuzzyNumber(0, 1.8, 2.2)
a <- [Link](a, knot.n = 9)
b <- [Link](b, knot.n = 9)
possibilityUndervaluation(a,b)

PowerFuzzyNumber

Creates a Fuzzy Number with Sides Given by Power Functions

Description
For convenience, objects of class PowerFuzzyNumber may be created with this function.
Usage
PowerFuzzyNumber(a1, a2, a3, a4, [Link] = 1, [Link] = 1)
Arguments
a1

a number specyfing left bound of the support

a2

a number specyfing left bound of the core

a3

a number specyfing right bound of the core

a4

a number specyfing right bound of the support

[Link]

a positive number specyfing the exponent for the left side

[Link]

a positive number specyfing the exponent for the right side

Value
Object of class PowerFuzzyNumber

78

PowerFuzzyNumber-class

See Also

Other PowerFuzzyNumber-method: PowerFuzzyNumber-class; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,

alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-meth
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method

PowerFuzzyNumber-class
S4 class Representing a Fuzzy Number with Sides Given by Power
Functions

Description
Bodjanova-type fuzzy numbers which sides are given by power functions are defined using four
coefficients a1 <= a2 <= a3 <= a4, and parameters [Link], [Link]>0, which determine exponents
for the side functions.
Details
We have left(x) = [Link] , and right(x) = (1 x)[Link] .
This class is a natural generalization of trapezoidal FNs. For other see PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber.
Slots
a1, a2, a3, a4, lower, upper, left, right: Inherited from the FuzzyNumber class.
[Link]: single numeric value; 1.0 for a trapezoidal FN.
[Link]: single numeric value; 1.0 for a trapezoidal FN.
Extends
Class FuzzyNumber, directly.
References
Bodjanova S. (2005), Median value and median interval of a fuzzy number, Information Sciences
172, pp. 73-89.

show

79

See Also
PowerFuzzyNumber for a convenient constructor, [Link] for conversion of objects
to this class.
PowerFuzzyNumber for a convenient constructor

Other PowerFuzzyNumber-method: PowerFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,

alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-meth
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],Pie
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-m
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method; expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method,
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method
Examples
showClass("PowerFuzzyNumber")
showMethods(classes="PowerFuzzyNumber")

show

Print Basic Information on a Fuzzy Number

Description
See [Link] for more details.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
show(object)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

Details
The method [Link] is called on given fuzzy number object with default arguments. The
results are printed on stdout.
Value
Does not return anything interesting.

80

supp

See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation, trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method;
value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
width, width,FuzzyNumber-method

supp

Calculate the Support of a Fuzzy Number

Description
We have supp(A) := [a1, a4]. This gives the values that a fuzzy number possibly may represent.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
supp(object)

supp

81

Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

Value
Returns a numeric vector of length 2.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation, trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method;
value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method;
width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Other alpha_cuts: alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; core, core,FuzzyNumber-method

82

trapezoidalApproximation

trapezoidalApproximation
Trapezoidal Approximation of a Fuzzy Number

Description
This method finds a trapezoidal approximation T (A) of a given fuzzy number A by using the
algorithm specified by the method parameter.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
trapezoidalApproximation(object,
method=c("NearestEuclidean", "ExpectedIntervalPreserving",
"SupportCoreRestricted", "Naive"),
..., verbose=FALSE)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

...

further arguments passed to integrateAlpha

method

character; one of: "NearestEuclidean" (default), "ExpectedIntervalPreserving",

"SupportCoreRestricted", "Naive"

verbose

logical; should some technical details on the computations being performed be

printed?

Details
method may be one of:
1. NearestEuclidean: see (Ban, 2009); uses numerical integration, see integrateAlpha
2. Naive: We have core(A)==core(T(A)) and supp(A)==supp(T(A))
3. ExpectedIntervalPreserving: L2-nearest trapezoidal approximation preserving the expected interval given in (Grzegorzewski, 2010; Ban, 2008; Yeh, 2008) Unfortunately, for
highly skewed membership functions this approximation operator may have quite unfavourable
behavior. For example, if Val(A) < EV_1/3(A) or Val(A) > EV_2/3(A), then it may happen
that the core of the output and the core of the original fuzzy number A are disjoint (cf. Grzegorzewski, Pasternak-Winiarska, 2011)
4. SupportCoreRestricted: This method was proposed in (Grzegorzewski, Pasternak-Winiarska,
2011). L2-nearest trapezoidal approximation with constraints core(A) core(T(A)) and
supp(T(A)) supp(A), i.e. for which each point that surely belongs to A also belongs to
T(A), and each point that surely does not belong to A also does not belong to T(A).
Value
Returns a TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber object.

trapezoidalApproximation

83

References
Ban A.I. (2008), Approximation of fuzzy numbers by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers preserving the
expected interval, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 159, pp. 1327-1344.
Ban A.I. (2009), On the nearest parametric approximation of a fuzzy number - Revisited, Fuzzy
Sets and Systems 160, pp. 3027-3047.
Grzegorzewski P. (2010), Algorithms for trapezoidal approximations of fuzzy numbers preserving the expected interval, In: Bouchon-Meunier B. et al (Eds.), Foundations of Reasoning Under
Uncertainty, Springer, pp. 85-98.
Grzegorzewski P, Pasternak-Winiarska K. (2011), Trapezoidal approximations of fuzzy numbers
with restrictions on the support and core, Proc. EUSFLAT/LFA 2011, Atlantic Press, pp. 749-756.
Yeh C.-T. (2008), Trapezoidal and triangular approximations preserving the expected interval, Fuzzy
Sets and Systems 159, pp. 1345-1353.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy

84

TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method;
weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Other approximation: piecewiseLinearApproximation, piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method

Examples
(A <- FuzzyNumber(-1, 0, 1, 40,
lower=function(x) sqrt(x), upper=function(x) 1-sqrt(x)))
(TA <- trapezoidalApproximation(A,
"ExpectedIntervalPreserving")) # Note that the cores are disjoint!
expectedInterval(A)
expectedInterval(TA)

TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber
Creates a Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number

Description
For convenience, objects of class TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber may be created with this function.
Usage
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber(a1, a2, a3, a4)
Arguments
a1

a number specyfing left bound of the support

a2

a number specyfing left bound of the core

a3

a number specyfing right bound of the core

a4

a number specyfing right bound of the support

Value
Object of class TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber
See Also

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class;

TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class

85

TriangularFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFu

alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method

TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class
S4 class Representing a Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number

Description
Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers have linear side functions and alpha-cut bounds.
Details
Trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are among the simplest FNs. Despite their simplicity, however, they include triangular FNs, crisp real intervals, and crisp reals. Please note that currently no separate
classes for these particular TFNs types are implemented in the package.
Slots
a1, a2, a3, a4, lower, upper, left, right: Inherited from the FuzzyNumber class.
Extends
Class FuzzyNumber, directly.
See Also
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber for a convenient constructor, [Link] for conversion of objects to this class, and trapezoidalApproximation for approximation routines.

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,

86

TriangularFuzzyNumber

-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber; TriangularFuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method
Examples
showClass("TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber")
showMethods(classes="TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber")

TriangularFuzzyNumber Creates a Triangular Fuzzy Number

Description
For convenience, objects of class TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber may be created with this function.
Usage
TriangularFuzzyNumber(a1, amid, a4)
Arguments
a1

a number specyfing left bound of the support

amid

a number specyfing the core

a4

a number specyfing right bound of the support

Details
Currently there is no separate class of a Triangular Fuzzy Number.
Value
Object of class TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber

value

87

See Also

Other TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class;
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearF
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method

value

Calculate the Value of a Fuzzy Number

Description
The calculation of the so-called value is one of possible methods to deffuzify a fuzzy number.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
value(object, ...)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

...

additional arguments passed to alphaInterval

Details
The value of A (Delgrado et al, 1998) is defined as val(A) :=

R1
0

(AL () + AU ()) d.

88

value

Value
Returns a single numeric value.
References
Delgado M., Vila M.A., Voxman W. (1998), On a canonical representation of a fuzzy number, Fuzzy
Sets and Systems 93, pp. 125-135.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumberwidth, width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other characteristics: ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-met

weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Other deffuzification: expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method

weightedExpectedValue

89

weightedExpectedValue Calculate the Weighted Expected Value of a Fuzzy Number

Description
The calculation of the so-called weighted expected value is one of possible methods to deffuzify a
fuzzy number.
For w = 0.5 we get the ordinary expectedValue.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
weightedExpectedValue(object, w=0.5, ...)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

...

additional arguments passed to expectedInterval

a single numeric value in [0,1]

Details
The weighted expected value of A is defined as EVw (A) := (1 w)EIL (A) + wEIU (A), where
EI is the expectedInterval.
Value
Returns a single numeric value.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

90

width

[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; width,
width,FuzzyNumber-method

Other characteristics: ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-met

value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; width, width,FuzzyNumber-method
Other deffuzification: expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method

width

Calculate the Width of a Fuzzy Number

Description
The width (Chanas, 2001) is a measure of nonspecificity of a fuzzy number.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'FuzzyNumber'
width(object, ...)
Arguments
object

a fuzzy number

...

additional arguments passed to expectedInterval

Details
The width of A is defined as width(A) := EIU (A)EIL (A), where EI is the expectedInterval.
Value
Returns a single numeric value.

^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method

91

References
Chanas S. (2001), On the interval approximation of a fuzzy number, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 122,
pp. 353-356.
See Also

Other FuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; FuzzyNumber-class; FuzzyNumber;
alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
alphacut, alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method; ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link]
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
core, core,FuzzyNumber-method; distance, distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-met
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-m
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method; evaluate, evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method; integrateAlpha, integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumbe
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method; piecewiseLinearApproximation,
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzy
show, show,FuzzyNumber-method; supp, supp,FuzzyNumber-method; trapezoidalApproximation,
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method; value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue,
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method

Other characteristics: ambiguity, ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method; expectedValue, expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-met

value, value,FuzzyNumber-method; weightedExpectedValue, weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method

^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method
Integer power of fuzzy number

92

^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method

Description
For fuzzy numbers the equality of X*X == X^2 does not hold.
Usage
## S4 method for signature 'PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric'
e1 ^ e2
Arguments
e1

a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber

e2

numeric (if it is not integer it will be converted by function [Link]())

Details
This function calculates integer power of a PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber according to the reference below.
Value
Returns a fuzzy number of the class PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber indicating e1^e2.
References
KAUFMANN, A., GUPTA, M. M. (1985) Introduction to Fuzzy Arithmetic. New York : Van
Nostrand Reinhold Company. ISBN 044230079.
See Also

Other PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method,

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Fu
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, +,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, -,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class;
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber; alphaInterval, alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,PiecewiseLin
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
arctan2, arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; [Link]
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-me
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
[Link],numeric-method; [Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-m
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PowerFuzzyNumb
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],numeric-method;
[Link], [Link],FuzzyNumber-method, [Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method,

^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method

93

[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method, [Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
expectedInterval, expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-met
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method, expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method;
fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method; maximum, maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
minimum, minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method; necessityExceedance,
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method;
necessityStrictExceedance, necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
necessityStrictUndervaluation, necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLine
necessityUndervaluation, necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumbe
plot, plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method,
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method, plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method;
possibilityExceedance, possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-me
possibilityStrictExceedance, possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFu
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewise
possibilityUndervaluation, possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN

Other extension_principle: *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, *,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,P

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, *,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, +,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyN
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, +,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method, -,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-metho
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method, -,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method, -,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method, /,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method, Arithmetic; fapply, fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,func
Examples
x = [Link](TriangularFuzzyNumber(-2, 1, 9), knot.n = 2)
x^2
x^3

Index

*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method
(Extract), 41
(Arithmetic), 13
[,FuzzyNumber,character-method
(Extract), 41
*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
[,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,character-method
(Arithmetic), 13
(Extract), 41
*,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method
[,PowerFuzzyNumber,character-method
(Arithmetic), 13
(Extract), 41
*,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,numeric-method
^,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method,
(Arithmetic), 13
91
*,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method
(Arithmetic), 13
alphacut, 5, 7, 10, 14, 17, 19, 21, 24, 27, 31,
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method
35, 36, 38, 40, 45, 47, 48, 62, 68, 80,
(Arithmetic), 13
81, 83, 88, 89, 91
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
alphacut,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method
(Arithmetic), 13
(alphacut), 5
+,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method
alphaInterval, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 1719,
(Arithmetic), 13
21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 31, 35, 36,
+,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method
3840, 43, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56,
(Arithmetic), 13
58, 60, 62, 64, 65, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74,
+,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method
76, 7881, 83, 8589, 91, 92
(Arithmetic), 13
alphaInterval,FuzzyNumber-method
-,FuzzyNumber,ANY-method (Arithmetic),
(alphaInterval), 6
13
alphaInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method
(alphaInterval), 6
(Arithmetic), 13
alphaInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
(alphaInterval), 6
(Arithmetic), 13
alphaInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method
-,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method
(alphaInterval), 6
(Arithmetic), 13
ambiguity, 5, 7, 9, 14, 17, 19, 21, 24, 27, 31,
-,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method
35, 36, 38, 40, 41, 45, 47, 48, 62, 68,
(Arithmetic), 13
80, 81, 83, 8891
-,numeric,FuzzyNumber-method
ambiguity,FuzzyNumber-method
(Arithmetic), 13
(ambiguity), 9
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method
approxfun, 11
(Arithmetic), 13
approxInvert, 10, 29, 30, 46
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
arctan2, 8, 11, 15, 18, 22, 24, 27, 38, 43, 50,
(Arithmetic), 13
52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 64, 65, 69, 71, 73,
/,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,numeric-method
74, 76, 92
(Arithmetic), 13
arctan2,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
[,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character-method
(arctan2), 11
94

INDEX

95

Arithmetic, 3, 5, 710, 12, 13, 17, 19, 21, 22,

([Link]), 23
24, 25, 27, 28, 31, 35, 36, 3840, 43,
[Link],numeric-method
44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62,
([Link]), 23
64, 65, 68, 69, 71, 72, 74, 76, 80, 81,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
83, 84, 8689, 9193
([Link]), 23
[Link], 3, 68, 10, 12, 15, 16, 1929,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method
31, 35, 36, 38, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 48,
([Link]), 23
51, 53, 55, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method
69, 71, 73, 75, 76, 7881, 83, 88,
([Link]), 23
9092
[Link], 610, 12,
1526, 26, 31, 35, 36, 38, 39, 41, 43,
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method
45, 47, 48, 51, 53, 55, 56, 58, 60, 62,
([Link]), 16
64, 65, 6871, 73, 74, 76, 7881, 83,
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
8588, 9092
([Link]), 16
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method
([Link]), 26
([Link]), 16
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method [Link],numeric-method
([Link]), 26
([Link]), 16
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-metho
[Link], 5, 7, 10, 14, 17, 18, 18, 21,
([Link]), 26
23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 31, 35, 36, 38, 40,
[Link],PowerFuzzyNumber-method
4548, 62, 68, 80, 81, 83, 88, 89, 91
([Link]), 26
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method
([Link]), 18
([Link]), 26
[Link],numeric-method
([Link]), 18
cat, 16
[Link], 5, 710,
convertAlpha, 11, 29, 30, 46
12, 1420, 20, 2429, 31, 35, 36,
convertSide, 11, 29, 30, 46
3840, 43, 45, 47, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56,
core, 6, 7, 10, 15, 17, 19, 21, 24, 27, 30, 35,
58, 60, 62, 64, 65, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74,
36, 38, 41, 45, 47, 48, 62, 68, 80, 81,
76, 80, 81, 83, 8589, 91, 92
83, 88, 90, 91
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method
core,FuzzyNumber-method (core), 30
([Link]),
curve, 66
20
[Link],numeric-method
([Link]),
DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber, 3, 31, 32, 33,
20
35, 46, 48, 68
[Link],PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-class, 33
([Link]),
distance, 6, 7, 10, 15, 17, 19, 21, 24, 27, 31,
20
33, 34, 36, 38, 41, 45, 47, 48, 62, 68,
[Link],TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method
80, 81, 83, 88, 90, 91
([Link]),
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber
20
(distance), 34
[Link], 5, 710, 12, 1423,
distance,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method
23, 2729, 31, 35, 36, 3840, 43, 45,
(distance), 34
47, 48, 51, 53, 55, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64,
distance,FuzzyNumber,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber-method
65, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74, 76, 7881, 83,
(distance), 34
8589, 91, 92
distance,FuzzyNumber,FuzzyNumber-method
[Link],FuzzyNumber-method
(distance), 34

96

INDEX

evaluate, 6, 7, 10, 15, 17, 19, 21, 24, 27, 31,

maximum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
35, 35, 38, 41, 45, 47, 48, 62, 68, 80,
(maximum), 50
81, 83, 88, 90, 91
minimum, 8, 12, 15, 18, 22, 25, 28, 39, 43, 51,
evaluate,FuzzyNumber,numeric-method
52, 55, 57, 58, 60, 64, 66, 69, 71, 73,
(evaluate), 35
75, 76, 93
expectedInterval, 610, 12, 1518, 2022,
minimum,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNum
24, 25, 27, 28, 31, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41,
(minimum), 52
43, 45, 47, 48, 51, 53, 55, 56, 58, 60,
necessityExceedance, 8, 12, 15, 18, 22, 25,
62, 64, 66, 6871, 73, 75, 76, 7881,
28, 39, 43, 51, 53, 54, 5760, 64, 66,
83, 8591, 93
69, 71, 73, 7577, 93
expectedInterval,FuzzyNumber-method
necessityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLi
(expectedInterval), 37
expectedInterval,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method (necessityExceedance), 54
necessityStrictExceedance, 8, 12, 15, 18,
(expectedInterval), 37
22, 25, 28, 39, 43, 51, 53, 55, 55,
expectedInterval,PowerFuzzyNumber-method
5860, 64, 66, 69, 71, 73, 7577, 93
(expectedInterval), 37
necessityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piece
expectedInterval,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-method
(necessityStrictExceedance), 55
(expectedInterval), 37
necessityStrictUndervaluation, 8, 12, 15,
expectedValue, 3, 6, 7, 10, 15, 17, 20, 21, 24,
18, 22, 25, 28, 39, 43, 51, 53, 55, 57,
27, 31, 35, 36, 38, 40, 45, 47, 49, 62,
57, 60, 64, 66, 69, 71, 73, 7577, 93
68, 80, 81, 83, 8891
necessityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,P
expectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method
(necessityStrictUndervaluation),
(expectedValue), 40
57
Extract, 41
necessityUndervaluation, 8, 12, 15, 18, 22,
fapply, 3, 8, 12, 15, 16, 18, 22, 25, 28, 39, 42,
25, 28, 39, 43, 51, 53, 55, 5759, 59,
51, 53, 55, 57, 58, 60, 64, 66, 69, 71,
64, 66, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 93
73, 75, 76, 93
necessityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,Piecewi
fapply,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,function-method
(necessityUndervaluation), 59
(fapply), 42
FuzzyNumber, 3, 5, 7, 10, 11, 14, 17, 19, 21,
piecewiseLinearApproximation, 3, 6, 7, 10,
24, 27, 2931, 33, 35, 36, 38, 40, 41,
15, 17, 20, 21, 24, 27, 31, 33, 35, 36,
44, 44, 46, 48, 62, 65, 68, 78, 80, 81,
38, 41, 42, 45, 47, 49, 61, 65, 68, 80,
83, 85, 88, 89, 91
81, 83, 84, 88, 90, 91
FuzzyNumber-class, 45
piecewiseLinearApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method
FuzzyNumbers-package, 3
(piecewiseLinearApproximation),
61
integrate, 34, 48, 49
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,
3, 8, 12, 14,
integrate_discont_val, 48, 49
15,
17,
21,
22,
24,
27,
38,
42, 43, 46,
integrateAlpha, 6, 7, 10, 15, 17, 20, 21, 24,
50,
52,
54,
56,
58,
60,
62,
63,
63, 64,
27, 31, 33, 3538, 41, 45, 47, 47, 61,
65,
69,
71,
73,
74,
76,
78,
92
62, 68, 8083, 88, 90, 91
PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-class, 64
integrateAlpha,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method
plot,
3, 610, 12, 1518, 2025, 27, 28, 31,
(integrateAlpha), 47
33, 35, 36, 38, 39, 41, 43, 45, 4749,
integrateAlpha,FuzzyNumber,character,numeric,numeric-method
51, 53, 55, 57, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 66,
(integrateAlpha), 47
71, 73, 75, 77, 80, 81, 83, 8588, 90,
91, 93
maximum, 8, 12, 15, 18, 22, 25, 28, 39, 43, 50,
53, 55, 57, 58, 60, 64, 66, 69, 71, 73,
plot,DiscontinuousFuzzyNumber,missing-method
75, 76, 93
(plot), 66

INDEX

97

plot,FuzzyNumber,missing-method (plot),
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber, 3, 9, 14, 15, 22,
66
25, 26, 28, 39, 46, 65, 69, 82, 84, 84,
8587
plot,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,missing-method
TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber-class, 85
(plot), 66
plot,TrapezoidalFuzzyNumber,missing-method TriangularFuzzyNumber, 9, 15, 22, 25, 28,
39, 69, 85, 86, 86
(plot), 66
[Link], 66, 67
value, 3, 6, 7, 10, 15, 17, 20, 21, 24, 27, 31,
possibilityExceedance, 8, 12, 15, 18, 22,
35, 37, 38, 41, 45, 47, 49, 63, 68, 80,
25, 28, 39, 43, 51, 53, 55, 5760, 64,
81, 84, 87, 90, 91
66, 69, 70, 73, 75, 77, 93
value,FuzzyNumber-method
(value), 87
possibilityExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
(possibilityExceedance), 70
weightedExpectedValue, 6, 7, 10, 15, 17, 20,
possibilityStrictExceedance, 8, 12, 15,
21, 24, 27, 31, 35, 37, 38, 41, 45, 47,
18, 22, 25, 28, 39, 43, 51, 53, 55,
49, 63, 68, 80, 81, 84, 88, 89, 91
5760, 64, 66, 69, 71, 72, 75, 77, 93
weightedExpectedValue,FuzzyNumber-method
possibilityStrictExceedance,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
(weightedExpectedValue), 89
(possibilityStrictExceedance),
width,
6,
7,
10, 15, 17, 20, 21, 24, 27, 31, 35,
72
37,
38, 41, 45, 47, 49, 63, 68, 80, 81,
possibilityStrictUndervaluation, 8, 12,
84,
88, 90, 90
15, 18, 22, 25, 28, 39, 43, 51, 53, 55,
width,FuzzyNumber-method
(width), 90
5760, 64, 66, 69, 71, 73, 73, 77, 93
possibilityStrictUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
(possibilityStrictUndervaluation),
73
possibilityUndervaluation, 8, 12, 15, 18,
22, 25, 28, 39, 43, 51, 53, 55, 5760,
64, 66, 69, 71, 73, 75, 75, 93
possibilityUndervaluation,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber,PiecewiseLinearFuzzyNumber-method
(possibilityUndervaluation), 75
PowerFuzzyNumber, 3, 8, 18, 23, 25, 28, 39,
46, 77, 77, 79
PowerFuzzyNumber-class, 78
show, 6, 7, 10, 15, 17, 20, 21, 24, 27, 31, 35,
36, 38, 41, 45, 47, 49, 62, 68, 79, 81,
84, 88, 90, 91
show,FuzzyNumber-method (show), 79
splinefun, 11
supp, 6, 7, 10, 15, 17, 20, 21, 24, 27, 31, 35,
36, 38, 41, 45, 47, 49, 62, 68, 80, 80,
84, 88, 90, 91
supp,FuzzyNumber-method (supp), 80
trapezoidalApproximation, 3, 6, 7, 10, 15,
17, 20, 21, 24, 26, 27, 31, 35, 36, 38,
41, 45, 47, 49, 62, 63, 68, 80, 81, 82,
85, 88, 90, 91
trapezoidalApproximation,FuzzyNumber-method
(trapezoidalApproximation), 82