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Evolution Terms and Concepts Defined

This document contains questions about evolution and related concepts such as natural selection, adaptation, speciation, gene pools, and artificial selection. It asks the reader to define key terms, compare Darwin and Lamarck's explanations for traits, discuss how selection pressure can drive evolution, and explain examples of convergent and divergent evolution among different organisms. It also addresses how human activities may be impacting evolution and asks how antibiotic resistance in bacteria illustrates the process of evolution.

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Sara Jones
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20 views2 pages

Evolution Terms and Concepts Defined

This document contains questions about evolution and related concepts such as natural selection, adaptation, speciation, gene pools, and artificial selection. It asks the reader to define key terms, compare Darwin and Lamarck's explanations for traits, discuss how selection pressure can drive evolution, and explain examples of convergent and divergent evolution among different organisms. It also addresses how human activities may be impacting evolution and asks how antibiotic resistance in bacteria illustrates the process of evolution.

Uploaded by

Sara Jones
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Evolution

Glossary: Define the following terms


adaptation
artificial selection
convergent evolution
divergent evolution
homologous structures
mutation
natural selection
parallel evolution
speciation
variation
Questions
1. What is a gene pool? How do gene pools change over long time periods?
2. What does the term evolution mean to you?
3. Use point form to compare how Darwin and Lamarck would have explain the long neck of a
giraffe.
4. What is selection pressure? What are some factors in an organism's environment that could act
as selection agents?
5. Why is the fossil record incomplete?
6. In genetic terms, why do you think a species of organisms that produce offspring 12 times a year
can evolve more rapidly than a species that only produces offspring once a year?
7. There are flightless birds on several different continents; there are emus in Australia, ostriches in
Africa rheas in South America. There used to be flightless moas in New Zealand, and New
Zealand still has some flightless kiwis. In what ways does the existence of these widely separated
flightless bird species support the ideas of continental drift and evolution of species?
8.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

Explain whether the following pairs of organisms show convergent, divergent or parallel evolution.
butterflies and bats
dolphins and porpoises
sharks and whales
snakes and lizards
eels and earthworms
zebras and horses

9. What does the expression survival of the fittest really mean in genetic and evolutionary terms?
10. With reference to gene pools, what is extinction?
11. How is extinction related to survival of the fittest?
12. Explain whether you think extinction of a species could ever have been a natural event?
13. Explain why the sort of breeding carried out in agriculture is known as artificial selection.

Year 10 Semester 2 - Worksheet Booklet

14. Wild budgerigars are green, but those kept as pets come in many different colours. Why is this?
15. How might modern technologies and lifestyles be altering human gene pools and reshaping
human populations and the human species as a whole?
16. Explain how resistance to anti-biotics in bacteria occurs. Explain why this is an example of
evolution.

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