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TCP Connection and Sequence Numbering

The document discusses key aspects of the transport layer including UDP and TCP. It explains that UDP uses source and destination port numbers in its datagram header. It also describes how TCP establishes a connection using a 3-way handshake initiated by the client and sends an ACK after receiving segments, including if they fill gaps or are out of order. For TCP, it further clarifies that if the initial sequence number is 12300, the sequence number would be 13301 after 1000 bytes have been transmitted due to increments each time data is sent.

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12 views5 pages

TCP Connection and Sequence Numbering

The document discusses key aspects of the transport layer including UDP and TCP. It explains that UDP uses source and destination port numbers in its datagram header. It also describes how TCP establishes a connection using a 3-way handshake initiated by the client and sends an ACK after receiving segments, including if they fill gaps or are out of order. For TCP, it further clarifies that if the initial sequence number is 12300, the sequence number would be 13301 after 1000 bytes have been transmitted due to increments each time data is sent.

Uploaded by

hj43us
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 3: Transport Layer

1.-What are the two port numbers presents on a


UDP datagram header?
2.-How is a TCP connection initiated?
3.-If the ISN (initial sequence number) of a TCP
sender is 12300. What is the sequence number
after 1000 bytes have been transmitted?
4.-When does TCP send an ACK?

1.-What are the two port numbers


presents on a UDP datagram
header?

Each end of the communication uses a port


number so each end process can be binded to
it

Source and destination ports

aka local and remote ports

2.-How is a TCP connection


initiated?

It is initiated by sending an empty segment (no


data) with the SYN bit activated to a server
It is the client side who starts the connection
A 3-way handshake is used to establish the
connection

3.-If the ISN (initial sequence


number) of a TCP sender is 12300.
What is the sequence number after
1000 bytes have been transmitted?

During the connection establishment the


sequence number is incremented by one
because of of the SYN segment
After 1000 more data bytes, another +1000
increment is done
At the end the sequence number is 13301

4.-When does TCP send an ACK?

When it receives a segment it can be delayed


0.5sec due to delayed acknowledgments
When it receives two segments ACK is
transmitted at once
When it receives an out of order segment ACK
is transmitted at once too
At once when the received segment fills in a
gap

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