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3G Sectorization: Capacity and Challenges

The document discusses the pros and cons of 3G sectorization, which involves splitting cell sites into more sectors to increase network capacity. Some key points: - Splitting a cell site from 3 sectors to 6 sectors provides a 100% gain in cell numbers but less than 100% gain in capacity due to increased interference between cells. - Challenges of sector splitting include sector overlap which causes poor signal quality in null areas near the site, and needing more precise neighbor cell optimization due to the increased number of cells. - While higher order sectorization can increase capacity by improving frequency reuse, it also increases inter-cell interference which diminishes returns at a certain point due to degradation of signal quality. The optimal

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Muhammad Jamil Awan
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120 views8 pages

3G Sectorization: Capacity and Challenges

The document discusses the pros and cons of 3G sectorization, which involves splitting cell sites into more sectors to increase network capacity. Some key points: - Splitting a cell site from 3 sectors to 6 sectors provides a 100% gain in cell numbers but less than 100% gain in capacity due to increased interference between cells. - Challenges of sector splitting include sector overlap which causes poor signal quality in null areas near the site, and needing more precise neighbor cell optimization due to the increased number of cells. - While higher order sectorization can increase capacity by improving frequency reuse, it also increases inter-cell interference which diminishes returns at a certain point due to degradation of signal quality. The optimal

Uploaded by

Muhammad Jamil Awan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Make it easy

Keep promises

3G Sectorization
(Sector Split)
Pros & Cons

Be inspiring

Be respectful

Capacity Expansion in 3G/4G


Carrier Addition (Not Possible since TP has only one carrier)
New Site deployment (High Cost of implementation due to rentals/ SA,
OPEX etc.)
MIMO (Major impact on peak data rate only. Cell edge throughput is not
increased as MIMO is available in good channel conditions)
Sector splitting (Used in areas where rapid capacity addition is required)

3G Sector Split

The 6-sector network gain comes from the cell number


gain: 100%
The network capacity gain is less than 100% because
there is more interference between cells.
Coverage enhancement due to antenna gain resulting
in around 20% more coverage

Challenges in Sector Split

Sector Overlap
The sector Overlap in Downlink
results in poor EcNo and CQI in the
null areas near the site.

Neighbor Optimization
The cell splitting from 3 to 6 cells
per site require higher number of
neighbor relations to be defined per
cell and require more precision.

Why Split Antenna


65 3 sector
general
antenna

33 6-sector
antenna

6-sector split
antenna

Antenna Pattern
(Twin Beam vs 3 Sector Antenna 6500)
Loss of Coverage in
Bore Direction due
to 5 dB low gain

650 BW
Antenna

Loss of coverage footprint in bore


direction due to 5 dB lower gain in
Twin Beam
380 BW
Antenna

Null.
Improved coverage in side lobes
due to 5~7dB higher gain in the
Direction of Twin Beams
EcNo degradation in Main lobes due

Degraded EcNo
due to overlap area
of Twin beams

to overlap of twin beams near the


site

Sectorization Capacity Tradeoff


According to Shannons Law, increasing capacity in a given channel
bandwidth requires Wireless Service Providers to improve the signal-tonoise ratio and/or increase frequency reuse.
In 3G and 4G LTE networks, noise containment in the RF path is critical.
External noise from a variety of sources including multi-path reflection,
environmental noise and interference from adjacent or nearby cells.
To maximize the cell DL capacity, inter cell interference should be
minimum in order to improve the CQI (Channel Quality Index).
In case of Increase in overlap area resulting due to higher order
sectorization, the Inter-cell interference will increase. This will result in
diminishing gains in terms of capacity gain for higher order sectorization.

Thanks

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