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Gage R&R: Key Measurement Elements

This document discusses Gage R&R, a study used to estimate measurement variation from different sources. It defines repeatability as variation from one person repeatedly measuring an item, and reproducibility as variation between operators measuring the same item. Gage R&R breaks down overall variation into true product variation, operator variation, and measurement error variation. The document outlines how a typical Gage R&R study is conducted and analyzed using ranges or analysis of variance to estimate these variance components. It provides an example showing largest variation was from the product, not the measurement system operators or repetitions.

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Murugeswari Rajaselvam
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10 views16 pages

Gage R&R: Key Measurement Elements

This document discusses Gage R&R, a study used to estimate measurement variation from different sources. It defines repeatability as variation from one person repeatedly measuring an item, and reproducibility as variation between operators measuring the same item. Gage R&R breaks down overall variation into true product variation, operator variation, and measurement error variation. The document outlines how a typical Gage R&R study is conducted and analyzed using ranges or analysis of variance to estimate these variance components. It provides an example showing largest variation was from the product, not the measurement system operators or repetitions.

Uploaded by

Murugeswari Rajaselvam
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Gage R&R

Estimating measurement
components
Gage capability and acceptability
measures

Terms and Definitions


Repeatability refers to the
measurement variation obtained
when one person repeatedly
measures the same item with the
same gage.
Reproducibility refers to the variation
due to different operators using the
same gage measuring the same
item.

Estimated Common Cause


Our estimate of Common Cause
Variation, which is the variance of the
actual product measurement, is
actually the sum of three components:
The true product variation.
Variation due to different operators
(reproducibility).
Variance of measurement equipment
error (repeatability).

Measurement Component Analysis

Notation

Gage R&R:
Designed Data Collection
In order to estimate these
components of variation, we do a
standard Gage R&R study. All such
studies follow the following format:
We select a fixed number of parts.
We select a fixed number of
operators.
Each operator measures each of the
parts a fixed number of times.

Layout of Typical Gage R&R Study

Analysis of Gage R&R Study Data


There are two typical Statistical tools for the
analysis of the data from Gage R&R studies:
The first, and most widely taught technique,
is the analysis of average Ranges.
Ranges are obtained from successive
replications to estimate error variance.
Ranges from averages between different
operators for the same part are used to
estimate operator variation.

Analysis of Variance for Gage R&R


The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) can also
be used to analyze Gage R&R studies.
In ANOVA terminology, most Gage R&R
studies have an ANOVA type data
structure.
A variance component analysis can easily
be done in most software packages.
The individual variance components
provide estimates of error, operator and
true product variance.

Typical example

Variance component model

Yijk Parti Operatorj repetition(ij ) k

Variance components
Part has variance
p2
Operator has variance
o2
Repetition within Part Operator
2

combination
has variance
e

Variance component estimates from


Analysis of Variance

p2 530.889
o2 19.525
e2 12.446

Conclusions from Gage R&R


Part has the greatest variability
Operator and repetition are
negligible
Invest in the Process
The Measurement system here is not
an issue in the sense of
Reproducibility and Repeatability
Concentrate on the Process, put on
Target with Minimum Variation

Gage Capability

Gage Acceptability (usually specified


by contract as a numerical value)

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