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IIW Welding Defects Overview

The document lists types of welding defects in order of seriousness according to the IIW, including cracks, lack of fusion, incomplete penetration, undercuts, slag inclusions, and gas porosity. It then discusses common workmanship defects such as lack of fusion, lack of penetration, solid inclusions, and porosity. Technological defects from structural stresses like lamellar tearing, hydrogen induced cracking in ferritic steels, and hot cracking in all alloys are also mentioned. The document concludes by defining dilution and pick-up effects that can occur during fusion welding as metals from the parent material and welding electrode mix together in the weld deposit.

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56 views3 pages

IIW Welding Defects Overview

The document lists types of welding defects in order of seriousness according to the IIW, including cracks, lack of fusion, incomplete penetration, undercuts, slag inclusions, and gas porosity. It then discusses common workmanship defects such as lack of fusion, lack of penetration, solid inclusions, and porosity. Technological defects from structural stresses like lamellar tearing, hydrogen induced cracking in ferritic steels, and hot cracking in all alloys are also mentioned. The document concludes by defining dilution and pick-up effects that can occur during fusion welding as metals from the parent material and welding electrode mix together in the weld deposit.

Uploaded by

PPM
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Order of seriousness

Type of defects by IIW


Crack
Lack of fusion
Incomplete penetration
Undercut
Slag inclusion
Gas porosity

Workmanship defects
Lack of fusion
Lack of penetration
Solid inclusions
Porosity
Shape defects
Technological defects
Lamellar tearing structural & pressure vessel steels
Hydrogen induced cracking ferritic steel only
Hot cracking all alloys

Dilution
When 2 metals are fusion welded, their final composition
consists of a mixture of parent metal / welding electrode.
Wt of parent metal in weld
% dilution =
x 100
Total wt of weld
x+y
x p y
=
x+p+y
40% dilution means: plate contributes 40%, weld
electrode 60%

Pick-up
An addition of alloying element in weld deposit by
melting some of the base metal.

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