Shutter Speed
Typical Examples
1 - 30+ seconds
Specialty night and low-light photos on a tripod
2 - 1/2 second
To add a silky look to flowing water
Landscape photos on a tripod for enhanced depth of field
1/2 to 1/30 second
To add motion blur to the background of a moving subject
Carefully taken hand-held photos with stabilization
1/50 - 1/100 second
Typical hand-held photos without substantial zoom
1/250 - 1/500 second
To freeze everyday sports/action subject movement
Hand-held photos with substantial zoom (telephoto lens)
1/1000 - 1/4000 second
To freeze extremely fast, up-close subject motion
Aperture Setting
Relative Light
Example Shutter Speed
f/22
1X
16 seconds
f/16
2X
8 seconds
f/11
4X
4 seconds
f/8.0
8X
2 seconds
f/5.6
16X
1 second
f/4.0
32X
1/2 second
f/2.8
64X
1/4 second
f/2.0
128X
1/8 second
f/1.4
256X
1/15 second
Exposure Mode
Auto (
How It Works
Camera automatically selects all exposure settings.
Camera automatically selects aperture & shutter speed; you can choose a corresponding ISO speed
Program (P)
& exposure compensation. With some cameras, P can also act as a hybrid of the Av & Tv modes.
Aperture Priority (Av
You specify the aperture & ISO; the camera's metering determines the corresponding shutter speed.
or A)
Shutter Priority (Tv
You specify the shutter speed & ISO; the camera's metering determines the corresponding aperture.
or S)
Manual (M)
You specify the aperture, ISO and shutter speed regardless of whether these values lead to a
correct exposure.
Useful for exposures longer than 30 seconds. You specify the aperture and ISO; the shutter speed is
determined by a remote release switch, or by the duration until you press the shutter button a
Bulb (B)
second time.