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Electrochemistry Practice Problems

This document contains 3 practice electrochemistry questions. Question 1 calculates the emf and assigns polarity for a Galvanic cell containing Ag/AgCl and AgBr half cells. Question 2 estimates the percentage of iron and copper impurities in a sample based on electrolysis data. Question 3 calculates the equilibrium constant K and standard reduction potential for the redox couple [Co(en)3]3+/[Co(en)3]2+ based on a lead electrode displacement reaction.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
414 views11 pages

Electrochemistry Practice Problems

This document contains 3 practice electrochemistry questions. Question 1 calculates the emf and assigns polarity for a Galvanic cell containing Ag/AgCl and AgBr half cells. Question 2 estimates the percentage of iron and copper impurities in a sample based on electrolysis data. Question 3 calculates the equilibrium constant K and standard reduction potential for the redox couple [Co(en)3]3+/[Co(en)3]2+ based on a lead electrode displacement reaction.

Uploaded by

pankaj16fb
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Question 2
  • Question 1
  • Question 3
  • Question 4
  • Question 5
  • Question 7
  • Question 6
  • Question 8
  • Question 9
  • Question 10
  • Question 11
  • Question 12
  • Question 13
  • Question 14
  • Question 15
  • Question 16

PRACTISE QUESTIONS

ELECTROCHEMISTRY
1

For the Galvanic cell,

Ag | AgCl(s) | KCl (0.2 M) || KBr (0.001 M) | AgBr(s) | Ag


Calculate the emf generated and assign correct polarity to each electrode for a spontaneous
process after taking into account the cell at 25C

Given Ksp(AgCl) = 2.8 1010, Ksp (AgBr) = 3.3 1013


1.

AgCl
Ag+ + Cl
Ksp(AgCl)
[Ag+] [Cl]
[Ag+]LHS =

K sp [ AgCl]
[Cl ]

2.8 10 10
= 1.4 10 9 M
0 .2

AgBr
Ag++ Br
Ksp(AgBr) =[Ag+] [Br]
[Ag+]RHS =

K sp ( AgBr )
[Br ]

3.3 10 13
= 3.3 10 10 M
0.001

Cell Reaction
E0
E 0Ag / Ag + = xV
Ag Ag++ e
LHS
+
E0Ag + / Ag = E0Ag / Ag + = xV
Ag + e Ag
RHS

Ag+(RHS) Ag+(LHS)
E0cell= 0.00 V

Cell
LHS
RHS

Net

[ Ag+ ]LHS
K=
[ Ag+ ]RHS
Ecell = E0cell

0.0591
0.0591
1.4 10 9
log K = 0
log
= 0.0371 V
n
1
3.3 10 10

To make Ecell positive, LHS cell should be cathode (+ve half cell)
2.

Assume that impure copper contains only iron, silver, and gold as impurities. After passage
of 140 A, for 482.5 s, the mass of the anode decreased by 22.260 g and the cathode
increased in mass by 22.011 g. Estimate the % iron and % copper originally present.

2.

The increase in mass of the cathode is solely due to copper. Hence, there is, 22.011 g of
copper (equivalent to 0.3464 mol) and therefore a total of 0.249 g of iron, gold and silver.
Only the iron and copper are oxidized. The gold and silver fall to the bottom in the anode
mud. Since each of the active metals requires 2 mol electrons per mol metal,
140 C 1mol e - 1mol M2 +
= 0.3500 moles of M2+

there must be(482.5s)


s 96500 C 2 mol
The no. of moles of iron is therefore 0.0036, and the mass of iron is 0.20g. The metal is
98.88% copper and 0.90% iron.

3. When a rod of metallic lead was added to a 0.01 M solution of [Co(en) 3]3+, it was found that 68%
of the cobalt complex was reduced to [Co(en)3] 2+ by lead.
i) Find the value of K for Pb + 2[Co(en)3]3+
Pb2+ + 2[Co(en)3] 2+
ii) What is the value of Eo [Co(en)3]3+|[Co(en)3] 2+
Given: Eo (Pb2+|Pb) = - 0.126 V

3.

i)

[Co(en)3]3+ = 0.0032, [Co(en)3]2+ = 0.0068 , [Pb2+] = 0..0034

[Pb ][Co( en) ]


K=

2 + 1
3
3 + 1
3

2+

[Co( en) ]

On putting the various known values , we get


K = 0.0154
ii) G10 = -nFEcell = -2.303 RT log K.
From here we get, Ecell = -0.0536 V
From which we can calculate E [Co(en)33+/[Co(en)32+] = 0.18V

4.

a) Write down the half cell reaction involved in the following electrode.
Pb | PbC2O 4(s) , CaC2O 4(s) , CaCl2 (M)
[Fe2 + ]
b) What is the maximum value of ratio
for which the following will act as
[Fe+ ]

electrochemical cell?
E0

Cd / Cd2 +

= 0.402V, E0

Fe2+ / Fe3 +

= 0.771V

Cd | Cd2+ (10.6M) || Fe2+ , Fe3+ (Pt) [log 6 = 0.778]

4.

a) The half cell reaction is Pb(s) + CaC2O(s) PbC2O4(s) + Ca2+ + 2e


3+
2+
2+
b) The cell reaction is Cd(s) + 2Fe Cd + 2Fe

Ecell = E0cell

0.059
[Cd2+ ][Fe2+ ]2
log
2
[Fe3 + ]2

to act as electrochemical cell, Ecell > 0


E0cell >

0.059
[Cd2+ ][Fe2+ ]2
log
2
[Fe2+ ]2

Here E0cell = (0.771 + 0.402) = 1.173V


1.173 >

0.059
0.6[Fe2+ ]2
log
2
[Fe3+ ]2

[Fe2+ ]
39.76
>
log0.6
+
2log[
or,

[Fe3 + ]

[Fe2+ ]
[Fe2+ ]
log
<
19.99
log
< 20 (approx.)
or,
[Fe3 + ]
[Fe3+ ]

5.

5.

[Fe2+ ]
should be less than 1 1020
[Fe3 + ]

A conductance cell was calibrated by filling it with a 0.02 M solution of potassium chloride
(specific conductance = 0.2768 S m-1 ) and measuring the resistance at 298K which was
found to be 457.3 ohms. The cell was then filled with calcium chloride containing 0.555g
CaCl2 per litre. The measured resistance was 1050 ohm. Calculate the molar conductance of
CaCl2 solution.
For KCl solution
Specific conductance =

1
cell constant
resistance

1
ohm 1 cell constant
457.3
cell constant = 0.2768 457.3 m-1 = 126.6 m1
For CaCl2 solution
Specific conductance = Conductance Cell constant
0.2768 ohm-1m1 =

(1)

(2)
Putting the value of cell constant from equation (1) in equation (2)
specific conductance of CaCl2 solution.
1
m1
1050
= 0.1206 ohm-1m1
Q conc. of CaCl2 solution
0.555
mole dm-3
=
111
= 5 10 3 mole dm-3
= 5 mole m3
specific conductance
Q Molar conductance=
concentration
0.1206
2
-1
m =
S m mol
5
= 0.0241 S m 2 mol-1

= 126.6 m-1

6.

Iron is corroded by atmospheric oxygen under acidic condition to product Fe2+ (aq) ions
initially. The standard reduction potential
E0Fe2+/Fe = 0.44 V and for the reaction H2O ( l ) 2H+ (g) +

1
O2 ( g) + 2e
2

E0 = 1.23 V
Find whether the formation of Fe2+ (aq) is thermodynamically favorable or not.
6.

The reactions are


(i) Fe (s) Fe+2 (aq) + 2e,
(ii) 2H+ +

1
O2 (g) + 2e
2

H2O (l),

0
EFe
= 0.44V
/ Fe+2 (aq)

E0 = +1.23V

Adding equation (i) and (ii), we get


Fe (s) + 2H+ +

1
O2 (g)
2

Fe+ (aq) + H2O (l),

E0Cell = 1.67V

0
Q G0 = nFECell

E0Cell = positive = 1.67V


G0 is negative.
So, the reaction is thermodynamically favourable or spontaneous.
7.

The emf of the cell reaction,


+2
+2
Zn(s) + Cu(aq)
Zn(aq)
+ Cu(s)

Calculate the entropy change. Given that enthalpy of the reaction is 216.7 KJ mol1
0
0
And EZn+2 / Zn = 0.76V and ECu+2 / Cu = + 0.34V.
7.

For the cell reaction


+2
+2
Zn(s) + Cu(aq)
Zn(aq)
+ Cu(s) ,

0
Q E0cell = E0Zn(s) / Zn+2 + ECu
+2
(aq)

( aq)

/ Cu(s)

= 0.76 + 0.34
= 1.1V
G0 = nF E0cell
= 2 96,500 1.1 = 212.3 KJ
Q S0 =

8.

H0 G0 216.7 ( 212.3)
= 14.76 J K1 mol1.
=
T
298

At 25C, the emf of the cell


Pb | [Link] (0.5 M) || HCl (0.5 M) | AgCl (s) | Ag is 0.49 volts and its temperature
coefficient

dE
= 1.8 104 volt / degree . Calculate
dT

a) the entropy change when 1 gm mol of silver is deposited and


b) the heat of formation of AgCl, if the heat of formation of lead chloride is 86000 cal.
8.

The net cell reaction


1
1
Pb + Agcl(s) Ag + PbCl2
2
2
1 96500 0.49
G = nFE =
4.2

= 11260 cal

S =

d( G)
dE
= nF
dT
dT
96500
( 1.8 10 4 ) = 4.14 cal/degree
=
4.2

H of the reaction
H = G + TS
= 11200 + 298 (4.14)
= 12494 cal
This heat of reaction is the algebraic sum of the heats of formation of the components.
1
1
HPbCl2 HPb HAgCl
2
2
1
1
12494 = 0 86000 0 HAgCl
2
2
HAgCl = 43000 + 12494 = 30506 cal/mole
H = HAs +

9.

25 mL of a solution of HCl (0.1M) is being titrated potentiometrically against 0.1 M NaOH


solution using a hydrogen electrode as the indicator electrode and saturated calomel electrode
(SCE) as the reference electrode. What would be the EMF of the cell initially and after the
addition of 20 mL of alkali at 25C? Given Reduction potential of SCE = 0.2422V. [log 9 =
0.95].

9.

The galvanic cell formed in this case is as follows:


Pt, H2 (1atm),H+ (pH = ?) || KCl satd. solution, Hg2Cl2(s) , Hg(l) , Pt

Ecell

= ESCE(redn) EHydrogen(redn)
= 0.2422 0.0591 log [ [H+ ]
= 0.2422 + 0.0591 pH at 25C

Initial pH of the 0.1 HCl: pH = log[H+ ] = log(0.1) = 1


Ecell = 0.2422 + 0.0591 = 0.3013V
pH after addition of 20 mL alkali:
Amount of HCl initially present = 25 0.1 = 2.5 millimole
Amount of NaOH added = 20 0.1 = 2 millimole
Amount of HCl left unreached = 2.5 2 = 0.5 millimole
[HCl =

Ecell

0.5
0.5
M pH = log
= 1.95
45
45
= 0.2422 + 0.0591 1.95 = 0.3574V

10.

At 25C , the m0 values for Ag+ and Cl ions are 61.92 10 4 and 76.34 104 Sm2mol1
respectively and the specific conductance of a saturated solution of AgCl after substracting
the specific conductance of water is 2.28 10 4 Sm 1 . Calculate K sp of AgCl at 25C .

10.

0
m
(AgCl) = 0

Ag+

+ 0 = (61.92 76.34)10 4 Sm2 mol1


Cl

= 138.26 104 Sm2mol1


K
C
K
2.28 104
K
C =
0 =
= 1.65 10 2 mol m 3
m m 138.26 10 4
m =

= 1.65 10 5 mol dm 3
K sp = (1.65 105 )2 = 2.72 10 10 mol2dm6

11.

At 25C the specific conductance of a saturated solution of AgCl after substracting the
specific conductance of water is 1.82 104 S m1. The molar conductance at infinite dilution
of AgNO3, HNO3 and HCl are respectively,133.0104, 421.0104 and 426.0104S m2mol1.
Write down half cell reaction and calculate standard reduction potential for the half cell:
Pt | 50 mL 0.5 M KCl solution, in which few drops of 0.1 M solution of AgNO 3 is added to
precipitate out some AgCl.
E 0Ag+ , Ag = 0.80V

11.

From Kohlrauschs law


0
0
0
0
m
= m, AgNO3 + m, HCl m, HNO3
, AgCl
= (133 + 426 421)104 = 138 104 S m2 mol1
m0 m

(Sm 1 )
0
m
(Sm 2mol 1 )

1.82 10 4
= 1.32 102 mol m3 = 1.32 105 mol dm3
4
138 10

C is the concentration of saturated solution of AgCl and hence its solubility


Ksp = [Ag+] [Cl] = C2 = (1.32 105)2 = 1.74 1010 M2
The given half cell is:
Pt | 0.5 M KCl saturated with AgCl and also in contact with AgCl(s)
The half-cell reaction reduction:

AgCl(s) + e
Ag(s) + Cl
Calculation of E0
AgCl(s) + e
Ag(s) + Cl (reduction)
Ag(s)
Ag+ + e
(oxidation)

AgCl(s)
Ag+ + Cl
(cell reaction which is solubility equilibrium controlled by
Ksp)
0
0
E 0cell = Ereduction
(RHE where reduction occur) Ereduction
(LHE where oxidation occurs)
0
0
= E AgCl, Ag, Cl E Ag

E 0AgCl, Ag, Cl

0.059 log Ksp =

, Ag

0.80

E 0AgCl, Ag, Cl = 0.224 V

12.

Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction 2Fe3+ + 3I 2Fe2+ + I3 . The standard
reduction potentials in acid conditions are 0.77 and 0.54 V respectively for Fe3 + / Fe2+ and
I3 / I couples. (antilog 7.7966 = 6.26 107 ).

12.

For the chemical change


2Fe3+ + 3I 2Fe2+ + I3

At equilibrium Ecell = 0
0.059
0.059
logK c E0cell =
logK c
2
2
E0 = 0.77 0.54 = 0.23V
2+

As, Ecell = E0cell


0
E0cell = ERP

Fe3 + / Fe

RP(I3 / I )

0.059
logK c
2
2 0.23
logK c =
= 7.7966
0.59

Thus, 0.23 =

K c = 6.26 107

13.
Solution:

0.5 N solution of a salt placed between two platinum electrode 2.0 cm apart and of
area of cross-section 4.0 sq. cm has a resistance of 25 ohms. Calculate the equivalent
conductance of solution.
Specific conductance () = Conductance Cell constant
=

1 l

R a

c =
14.

14.

1 2

25 4

specific

= 0.02 ohm1 cm1

conduc tance 1000


6.02 1000
=
C (equiv L1 )
0.5

= 40 ohm1 cm2 eq1

Find the solubility product of a saturated solution of Ag2CrO4 in water at 298K if the emf
of the cell:
Ag | Ag+ (sat Ag2CrO4 solution) || Ag+ (0.1 M) | Ag is 0.164 at 298K
For cell Ag | Ag+ (saturated solution of Ag2CrO4) || Ag+ (0.1 M) | Ag
Ecell = 0.164V
Ecell = E0cell

[Ag+ ]LHS
0.059
log
1
[Ag+ ]RHS

0.164 =

E0Ag / Ag+ + E0Ag+ / 4

[Ag+ ]LHS
0.059
log
1
0.1

[Ag+]LHS = 1.66 104M


Ksp for Ag2CrO4
2Ag+ + CrO42
Ksp = [Ag+]2 [CrO42] = [1.66 104]2

1.66 10 4

Ksp = 2.287 1012 mol3 liltre3


15.

A constant current was flown for 2 hour through a solution of KI. At the end of experiment
liberated iodine consumed 21.75 mL of 0.0831 M solution of sodium thiosulphate
following the reaction: I2 + 2S2O32 2I + S4O62. What was the average rate of
current flow in ampere?

15:

2S2O32 S4O62 + 2e
n-factor of sodium thiosulphate = no. of electrons lost per molecule = 1
Molarity of Na2S2O3 solution = Normality
meq. of I2 liberated = m equiv. of Na2S2O3 = 21.75 0.0831 = 1.807
Thus,
W
1000 = 1.807
E
i t
i 2 60 60
W
=
= 1.87 103 =
96500
96500
E

i = 0.0242A
15.

The half cell potential of a half cell Ax+, A(x+n)+/Pt were found to be as follows
Percent of reduced form
24.4 48.8
Cell potential /V
0.101 0.115
Determine the value of n

15.

The half cell reaction is


A(x+n)+ + ne Ax+
Its Nernst equation
E = E

0.059
[reduced form]
log
n
[oxidised form]

Substituting the given values, we get


24.4
0.059
log
--------- (i)
75.6
n
0.059
48.8
log

----------- (ii)
n
51.2

0.101 = E
0.115 = E

Substracting equation (i) from (ii) and solving for n


n 1.98 2
16.

16.

Two weak acid solutions HA and HA each with same concentration and having pKa values 3
and 5 are placed in contact with hydrogenelectrode (1 atm, 25) and are interconnected
through a salt-bridge. Find e.m.f. of cell.
The cell is represented as
Pt, H2(1 atm) | HA2 || HA1 | H2 (1 atm), Pt
1

At L.H.S. EH / H = EH0 / H
+

0
= EH / H + 0.0592 (pH)2
+

0.0592
log[H+ ]2
1

At R.H.S. EH

/H

0.0592
1
log +
1
[H ]1

= EH0 + / H

= EH / H 0.0592(pH)1
For acid HA HA
0

H+ + A1

[H+] = K a c (pH)1 =
Similarly (pH)2 =

1
1
pKa1
2
2

log C

1
1
pKa2 logc
2
2

[Since concentration of both acids HA1 and HA2 are same i.e. c]
0
0
Ecell = EH / H (for II) + EH
+

0.0592
[5 3]
2

(for

/H

II)

= 0.0592

1
pK a2 pK a1
2

Ecell = 0.0592

17.

The standard reduction potential for the half-cell


NO3 (aq) + 2H+(aq) + e NO2(g) + H2O is 0.78 volt
i) Calculate the reduction potential in 8 M H +
ii) What will be the reduction potential of the half cell in a neutral solution? Assume
all other species to be at unit concentration.

17.

The half cell is


NO3 (aq) = 2H+ (aq) + e NO2(g) + H2=O
0
Given ENO

ENO

= 0.78

/ NO2

1
0.0592
log [H+ ]2
1

0.0592
1
0.0592
1
log 2
1
(8)

/ NO2

= 0.78

0
= ENO

/ NO
3

log [H+ ]2

0.0592
log(64)1
1

= 0.78 + 0.0592 log 64


= 0.78 + 0.0592 log26
= 0.88969 volt
In neutral solution
[H+] = 107 M
1

0.0592
Eel = E0el
log [H+ ]2
1
0
= Eel

0.0592
1
log
1
(107 )2

= 0.78

= 0.78

0.0592
log1014 =
1

0.0592
log1014
1

0.78 0.8288

= 0.0488 volt
18.

18.

Calculate the potential of an indicator electrode versus the standard hydrogen electrode which originally
0.1M MnO4 and 0.8M H+ and which has been treated with 90% of the Fe 2+ necessary to reduce all the
MnO4 to Mn2+.
MnO4 + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O
E = 1.51 V
Let us consider Galvanic cell is
H+ (1M) | H2(1atm), Pt || MnO4 (H+) | Mn+2, Pt
Anode half cell :
2H+ (1M) H2 (1atm) + 2e
Cathode half cell:
MnO4 + 8H+
+ 5e Mn+2 + 4H2O

Initial Conc.:

0.1
0.8
0
0.1
0.1 90

Alter Complete 0.1


0.8 100 8
100

+2
reaction with Fe
(0.01)
(0.08)
So, electrode potential of indicator electrode
[Mn2 + ]
EMnO / Mn+2 = Eo +2 0.0591 log
MnO
/
Mn
4
4
5
[MnO-4 ] [H+ ]8
= 1.51

0
0.1 90
100
(0.09)

0.0591
(0.09)
log
5
(0.01) (0.08)8

0.0591
9
log
5
1.67 10 9
0.0591
log (5.36 109)
= 1.51
5

= 1.51

= 1.51 0.1149
= 1.395 V
Thus, potential of an indicator electrode versus the SHE is 1.395 V because ESHE = 0

19.

19.

The e.m.f of cell Zns|ZnSO4|| CuSO4|Cus at 25C is 0.03 V and temperature coefficient of
e.m.f is (1.410-4 V) per degree. Calculate the heat of reaction for the change taking place
inside the cell.
F= 96500 C
E = 0.03 V
T = 273+25 = 298 K
n=2
dE

= - 1.410-4 V per degree


dT P

dE

E
dT P

As H = nF T

= 296500 [298(-1.410-4)-0.03]
= -13842 J/mol = 13.842 KJ/mol
20.

20.

A test for complete removal of Cu 2+ ions from a solution of Cu 2+(aq) is to add NH3(aq). A blue
colour signifies the formation of complex [Cu(NH3)4]2+ having Kf = 1.1 1013 and thus
confirms the presence of Cu2+ in solution. 250 ml of 0.1M CuSO4(aq) is electrolyzed by
passing a current of 3.5 ampere for 1350 seconds. Then sufficient quantity of NH 3(aq) is added
to the electrolyzed solution maintaining [NH3] = 0.1 M. If [Cu(NH3)4]2+ is detectable upto its
concentration as low as 1 105, would a blue colour be shown by the electrolyzed solution
on addition of NH3?
Cu2+ + 4NH3
[Cu(NH3)4]2+
Kf =

[Cu(NH3 )4 ]2+
[Cu2 + ][NH3 ]4

Blue colour will be noticed upto [Cu(NH3)4]2+= 1 105


Thus at this stage
1.0 10 5
= 9.1 1015M
1.11013 (0.1)4
E.i.t.
63.5 3.5 1350
Cu deposited (w) =
=
= 1.5546 gms
96500
2 96500

[Cu2+] =

Millimoles of Cu2+ present (initial) = 250 0.1


Weight of Cu2+ =

250 0.1 63.5


= 1.5875 gms
1000

Weight of Cu2+ left in solution = 1.5875 1.5546 = 0.0329 gms


[Cu2+] left =

0.0329 1000
= 2.07 103
63.5 250

Thus solution will show blue colour, as it will provide appreciable Cu2+ to form complex.
21.

A sample of lead weighing 1.05 g was dissolved in a small quantity of nitric acid to produce
aqueous solution of Pb2+ and Ag+ (which is present as impurity). The volume of the solution
was increased to 300 ml by adding water, a pure silver electrode was immersed in the
solution and the potential difference between this electrode and a standard hydrogen electrode
o
was found to be 0.503 V at 25C. What was the % of Ag in the lead metal? Given E( Ag / Ag )
=0.799 V. Neglect amount of Ag+ converted to Ag.
+

21.

1
0.059
log
[ Ag+ ]
1
0.059
1
log
0.503 = 0.799
1
[ Ag+ ]

E = E

[Ag+] = 9.62 106 M

300

Moles of Ag+ = 9.62 106 1000 = 2.89 106


Mass of Ag = 2.89 106 108 = 3.11 104 g
Percentage of Ag = 0.0296%
22.

The EMF of the cell Pt |H2 (1 atm), HA (0.1 M, 30 ml) || Ag+ (0.8 M) | Ag is 0.9V. Calculate
the EMF when 0.05 M NaOH (40 ml) is added to the cathode compartment. HA is a weak
acid.
0
[ E Ag / Ag = 0.77V , log 6.3=0.8, log 2=0.301]
+

22.

[H + ]
0.059
log
1/ 2
Since E = E0C E0A
1
PH2 [ Ag + ]

[ ]

0.9 = 0.77 0

0.059
Ka c
log
1
1 0.8

Ka = 2.5 104
When 40 ml and NaOH is added, the [H+] is given by

( 0.05 40 )

pH = pKa + log ( 0.1 30 0.05 40 )


pH = 4 log 2.5 + 0.30120 = 3.9
[H+] = 1.25 104

0.059
1.25 10 4
log
E = 0.77 - 1
= 0.994 V
1 0.8

23.
23.

Specific conductance of a decinormal solution of KCl is 0.0224 ohm1cm1 . The resistance of


a cell containing the solution was found to be 64. What is the cell constant?
We known that
sp. conductance = cell constant conductance
Cell constant =

sp. conduc tan ce


conduc tan ce

= sp conductance resistance
= 0.022464
= 1.4336 cm-1

24.
24.

Calculate the electrode potential of a copper electrode dipped in a 0.1 M solution of copper
sulphate at 250 C the standard electrode potential of Cu+2 | Cu system is 0.34 volts at 298 K.
o
We known that Ered = Ered +

0.0591
log10 (ion)
n

o
Putting the values of Ered = 0.34V, n = 2 and [Cu2+] = 0.1 M

Ered =0.38 +

0.0591
log(0.1)
2

= 0. 34+0.02955(-1)
= 0.34 0.02955 = 0.31045 volt
25.

25.

The standard reduction potential of Cu+2 | Cu and Ag+ | Ag electrodes are 0.34 and 0.80 volt
respectively. Construct a galvanic cell using these electrodes so that its standard emf is
positive. For what concentration of Ag+ will the emf of the cell at 250 C be zero. If
concentration of Cu+2 is 0.02 M?

Given ECu+2 / Cu = 0.34 volt and E Ag+ / Ag = 0.80 volt the standard emf will be positive if

Cu/Cu2+ is anode and Ag+/Ag is cathode. The cell can be represented as Cu/Cu+2||Ag+|Ag
The cell reaction is
Cu+2Ag+ Cu2+ + 2Ag
Ecell = oxi potential of anode + red potential of cathode
= -0.34 + 0.80 = 0.46 volt
applying next equation

ECell = Ecell

Cu+2
0.0591

log
2
2
Ag+

When Ecell = 0
Cu+2
0.0591

=
log
2
2
+
Ag

Cu+2

= 2 0.462 = 15.6345
log
2
0.0591
Ag+

Cu2 +

= 4.3102 1015
2
Ag+

2
0.02
Ag+ =
= 0.4640 10 17
15

4.3102 10
Ecell

[Ag+] = 2.15410-9 M

PRACTISE QUESTIONS
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
1
For the Galvanic cell,
Ag | AgCl(s) | KCl (0.2 M) || KBr (0.001 M) | AgBr(s) | Ag
Calcu
3.
i)
[Co(en)3]3+ = 0.0032,   [Co(en)3]2+ = 0.0068 ,   [Pb2+] = 0..0034 
K = [
]
(
)
[
]
(
)
[
]
1
3
3
1
2
3
2
en
Co
en
Co
P
-1
1
1
1
0.2768 ohm m
ohm
cell constant
457.3
−
−
=
×
-1
cell constant = 0.2768
457.3 m
∴
×
 = 126.6 
1
m−
…(1) 
For 
2
CaCl
+
+
=
+
Q
2
2
(aq)
(aq)
0
0
0
cell
Zn(s) / Zn
Cu
/ Cu(s)
E
E
E
= 0.76 + 0.34
= 1.1V
 
∴ ∆G0 = − nF 
0
cell
E
= − 2 × 96,500 ×
Initial pH of the 0.1 HCl: 
+
= −
= −
=
pH
log[H ]
log(0.1)
1
∴
cell
E
= 0.2422 + 0.0591 = 0.3013V
pH after addition of 20 mL
AgCl(s) + e  
 Ag(s) + Cl–
Calculation of E0
AgCl(s)  + e  
 Ag(s) + Cl–
(reduction)
Ag(s)  
 Ag+ + e
(oxidation)
–––––––––––
⇒ 0.164 = 
0
0
LHS
Ag/ Ag
Ag / 4
[Ag ]
0.059
E
E
log
1
0.1
+
+
+
+
−
∴ [Ag+]LHS = 1.66 × 10–4M
Ksp for Ag2CrO4  
 2Ag+ + CrO4
At R.H.S. 
H
0
H /H
H /H
1
0.0592
1
E
E
log
1
[H ]
+
+
=
−
= 
0
1
H /H
E
0.0592(pH)
+
−
For acid 
1
A
H  
1
A
H
 H+ + 
1
A−
[
Initial Conc.:
0.1
0.8
    0
0
Alter Complete 
0.1
0.1100



÷


0.1 90
0.8
8
100
×


−
×

÷


 
0.1 90
100
×
 
rea
Millimoles of Cu2+ present (initial) = 250 × 0.1
Weight of Cu2+ = 
1000
5
.
63
1
.
0
250
×
×
 = 1.5875 gms
Weight of Cu2+ lef

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