2
Introduction to Optimization
Figure 1.1
Minimum of f (x) is same as maximum of f (x).
cf(x) c + f(x)
cf(x) c + f* cf* f(x) f(x) f(x)
f(x)
f* x*
f* x x*
f(x) x
Figure 1.2
Optimum solution of cf (x) or c + f (x) same as that of f (x).
Table 1.1 lists various mathematical pro rammin techni!ues to ether "ith other "ell#defined areas of operations research. The classification iven in Table 1.1 is not uni!ue$ it is iven mainl% for convenience. Mathematical pro rammin techni!ues are useful in findin the minimum of a function of several variables under a prescribed set of constraints. &tochastic process techni!ues can be used to anal%ze problems described b% a set of random variables havin 'no"n probabilit% distributions. &tatistical methods enable one to anal%ze the experimental data and build empirical models to obtain the most accurate represen# tation of the ph%sical situation. This boo' deals "ith the theor% and application of mathematical pro rammin techni!ues suitable for the solution of en ineerin desi n problems.