Montgomery County Planning Board
2009 Growing Smarter Speaker Series
Thursday, February 12th, 2009
Green Building:
Today’s Practices
Tomorrow’s Challenges
Carl Elefante, FAIA, LEED AP
Principal
Director of Sustainable Design
QUINN EVANS | ARCHITECTS
Outline
•Who I am
• Today’s Green Building Marketplace
• Current Green Building Practice
• Emerging Green Technologies
• Facing the Carbon Challenge
Renewing Legacy
Ocean Hall Peabody Institute Dana Building
The Greenest Building is …
… One That is Already Built.
Outline
• Who I am
•Today’s Green Building
“Marketplace”
• Current Green Building Practice
• Emerging Green Technologies
• Facing the Carbon Challenge
Green Building Rating Systems
LEED
USGBC
United States Green Building Council
LEED
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
Green Building Rating Systems
LEED
SS Sustainable Sites
WE Water Efficiency
EA Energy & Atmosphere
MR Materials & Resources
EQ Environmental Quality
ID Innovation & Design
Green Building Rating Systems
LEED
LEED NC v2.2 Scoring
69 total points
Platinum
52 + points
Gold
39 – 51 points
Silver
33 – 38 points
Certified
26 – 32 points
Green Building Rating Systems
LEED
[Link]
Green Building Regulation
Maryland
High-Performance Buildings Act
LEED Silver Rating / Green Globes 2 Globes
7,500 SF
Green Buildings Tax Credits
8% Construction, 30% Fuel Cells,
25% PV’s, 20% BIPV’s, 25% Wind
Energy Administration Incentives
Bio-Fuel Tax Credits, Renewable Energy Grants,
Geothermal Grants, Wind Power Grants
Green Building Regulation
Montgomery County
Green Buildings Law
LEED Certification over 10,000 SF
LEED Silver Rating for Public Buildings
Clean Energy Rewards
Clean Energy Purchase Tax Credits
Solar Tax Credits
50% Tax Credits on Solar Technologies
Green Building Standards
Federal
ASHRAE
Advanced Energy Design Guides
90.1-2004 30% better than 90.1-1999
Net-Zero Goal
US DOE
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy
Building Energy Codes
US EPA
Energy Star
Outline
• Who I am
• Today’s Green Building “Marketplace”
•Current Green Building
Practice
• Emerging Green Technologies
• Facing the Carbon Challenge
Current Green Building Practice
No-Cost Green
Best-Practice Green
Maximum Benefit Green
No-Cost Green
Shielded Lighting Fixtures
Water-efficient Plumbing Fixtures
Occupancy & Proximity Sensors
Green Materials
Green Cleaning
No-Cost Green
Transit-oriented Development
Compact Mixed-use Development
Climate-responsive Design
Daylighting
Operable Windows
Best-Practice Green
LID Stormwater Management
Rainwater Harvesting
High-performance HVAC Systems
Energy-efficient Lighting Technologies
High-performance Building Envelopes
Commissioning
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Sustainable Sites
• Dense urban site
• Access to transit
• Alternative transportation
• Contamination-Free site
• Storm water quantity and quality
• New roofs limit heat-island effect
• Joint use of facilities
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Water Efficiency
• Water efficient landscaping w/o irrigation
• Water use 30% below the baseline
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Energy & Atmosphere
• Fundamental & enhanced commissioning
• Energy use 17.5% below baseline
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Materials & Resources
• Storage and collection of recyclables
• 75% retention of the existing structure
• 50% construction waste diverted
• 10% new recycled materials
• 10% new regional materials
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Environmental Quality
• Outdoor air monitoring & increased
ventilation
• Construction IAQ
• Low-emitting materials & pollutant source
control
• Advanced lighting control
• Advanced thermal control
• Daylight & views
• Acoustic performance
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Innovation & Design
• Green Cleaning
• Green Arts and Crafts
• School as teaching tool
• Exceptional performance:
regional materials
• Exceptional performance:
green power
Greening Case Study
HD Cooke
Outline
• Who I am
• Today’s Green Building “Marketplace”
• Current Green Building Practice
•Emerging Green Technologies
• Facing the Carbon Challenge
Maximum Benefit Green
Green Roofs
Geothermal Heating & Cooling
Solar Technologies
Maximum Benefit Green
Green Roofs
Maximum Benefit Green
Green Roofs
Costs
• Extensive (shallow) Vegetated Roofs
• 30 $/SF
• 30 #/SF
• Intensive (deep) Vegetated Roofs
• 100 $/SF
• 100 #/SF
• 60-70% reduced run-off
• +/- R10 insulation
Maximum Benefit Green
Geothermal
Maximum Benefit Green
Geothermal
Costs
• save 40% energy over conventional heat
pump systems
• save 70% energy over electric heating and
cooling systems
• 1/2 ton heating/cooling per 250 ft well
• 2,500 $/ton heating/cooling (about 2x
conventional heat pump system)
Maximum Benefit Green
Solar
Maximum Benefit Green
Solar
Costs – HD Cooke Array
• 100+ panels on Gym Roof
• 20+ kW maximum output
• $ 200,000 estimated installed cost
• $ 3,500 estimated annual energy cost
savings
Outline
• Who I am
• Today’s Green Building “Marketplace”
• Current Green Building Practice
• Emerging Green Technologies
•Facing the Carbon Challenge
The Climate Change Imperative
Hurricane
Katrina
Building Impacts
Pogo
Earth Day 1971
Walt Kelly
Sustainable Buildings Industry Council
Climate “Tipping Point”
“Our home planet is
dangerously near a
tipping point at which
human-made
greenhouse gases
reach a level where
major climate changes
can proceed mostly
under their own
momentum.”
Tipping Point - Perspective of a Climatologist
James Hansen
The Tipping Point
CO2 Levels
Pre-industrial level 280 ppm
2007 measured level 383 ppm
Tipping point 450 ppm
Delta 067 ppm
Current annual increase 002 ppm
Years to tipping point 67/2= 34
Climate Change Response Policy
IPCC / ICLEI / US Conference of
Mayors
Architecture 2030 Challenge
Montgomery County Sustainability
Working Group (SWG)
Building Stock Statistics
Existing Stock by Decade Constructed
AREA: Non-Residential Buildings
14,000
12,000
64,783 Million SF
10,000
A re a in M illio n s SF
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1919 or 1920 to 1946 to 1960 to 1970 to 1980 to 1990 to 2000 to
Before 1945 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2003
Construction Decade
2003 Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey
U.S. Department of Energy
Building Stock Statistics
Traditional & Historic Buildings
AREA: Non-Residential Buildings
14,000
12,000
10,640 Million SF
10,000
16 %
A re a in M illio n s SF
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1919 or 1920 to 1946 to 1960 to 1970 to 1980 to 1990 to 2000 to
Before 1945 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2003
Construction Decade
2003 Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey
U.S. Department of Energy
Building Stock Statistics
Modern-Era Buildings
AREA: Non-Residential Buildings
14,000
12,000
36,250 Million SF
10,000
55 %
A re a in M illio n s SF
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1919 or 1920 to 1946 to 1960 to 1970 to 1980 to 1990 to 2000 to
Before 1945 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2003
Construction Decade
2003 Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey
U.S. Department of Energy
Building Stock Statistics
LEED Buildings
AREA: Non-Residential Buildings
14,000
12,000
3,200 Million SF
10,000
5%
1,283 Certified / 9,867 Registered
A re a in M illio n s SF
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1919 or 1920 to 1946 to 1960 to 1970 to 1980 to 1990 to 2000 to
Before 1945 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2003
Construction Decade
2003 Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey
U.S. Department of Energy
Montgomery County
Existing Stock by Period Constructed
Montgomery County
Existing Stock by Type
Montgomery County
Public Stock by Decade Constructed
Montgomery County
Public Stock by Type
Projected Growth to 2030
New Building Construction
AREA: Non-Residential Buildings
14,000
12,000
28,000 Million SF
10,000
43 %
A re a in M illio n s SF
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1919 or 1920 to 1946 to 1960 to 1970 to 1980 to 1990 to 2000 to
Before 1945 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2003
Construction Decade
The Boom To Come – America Circa 2030
Architect Magazine, October 2006
Projected Growth to 2030
Renovation
AREA: Non-Residential Buildings
14,000
12,000
54,000 Million SF
10,000
84 %
A re a in M illio n s SF
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1919 or 1920 to 1946 to 1960 to 1970 to 1980 to 1990 to 2000 to
Before 1945 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2003
Construction Decade
The Boom To Come – America Circa 2030
Architect Magazine, October 2006
Life Cycle Analysis
Environmental Impacts of Wall Assemblies
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Water Pollution
Air Pollution
Resources
Climate
Energy
R Value
Life Cycle Analysis
Environmental Impacts of Wall Assemblies
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PV
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Water Pollution
Air Pollution
Resources
Climate
Energy
R Value
Life Cycle Analysis
U.S. EPA & NIST BEES
Building for Economic and Environmental Sustainability
BEFORE USE
Extraction
Manufacture
Fabrication
Transportation
Construction
Life Cycle Analysis
U.S. EPA & NIST BEES
Building for Economic and Environmental Sustainability
DURING USE
Operation
Maintenance
Life Cycle Analysis
U.S. EPA & NIST BEES
Building for Economic and Environmental Sustainability
AFTER USE
Renewal
Removal
Re-use
Disposal
Life Cycle Impacts
Recapturing Environmental Impacts
Through Improved Performance
Life Cycle Impacts
Recapturing Environmental Impacts
Through Improved Performance
Recaptures Energy in
3.5 years
Life Cycle Impacts
Recapturing Environmental Impacts
Through Improved Performance
Recaptures Toxic Emissions in
22 years
E-Valuating Existing Buildings
E-Valuating Existing Buildings
Preservation Economics
Re-investment Driven
over $1 trillion annually
over $100 trillion inventory
The Restoration Economy
The Greatest New Growth Frontier
Storm Cunningham
[Link]
E-Valuating Existing Buildings
Preservation Economics
Minimal Material Expenditure
Minimal Energy Expenditure
Skill and Craft Intensive
Creates Good Jobs
Cycles Money Through Local Economy
The Economics of Historic Preservation
A Community Leaders Guide
Donovan Rypkema
[Link]
The Greenest Building is …
… One That is Already Built.