Learning Modular Java Programming

Table of Contents

Learning Modular Java Programming

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewer

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Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. Introducing Modular Programming

Software – the perspective

Modules

What is behind and in a module?

The practical aspect

The gang – modular programming

The world of modules

Tiers and layers in an enterprise application

One-tier applications

Two-tier applications

Three-tier applications

N-tier applications

Java Enterprise architecture

Sharing the work

Coordinate with the team

Versioning tools

Centralized versioning

CVS

Apache Subversion

The architecture of SVN

The repository

The client program

Distributed versioning

GitHub

Summary

2. Saying Hello to Java EE

The enterprise as an application

The Java EE platform

Features of the Java EE platform

The world of dotcoms

Servlet – the dynamicity

MVC I architecture

MVC II architecture

The practical aspect

What is a framework?

Advantages of frameworks

Spring MVC

The components

The front controller

Spring MVC controller

ModelAndView

ViewResolver

The configuration file

Summary

3. Implementing the Presentation Layer

Presentation

Data binding

Case 1 – Reading request parameters for searching

Case 2 – Reading multiple form fields

Form backing object

Pre-population of forms

Form validation

Developing customized validators using Spring validators

Annotation-based validations

Summary

4. Talking to the Database

Persistence

Using object serialization

Disadvantages of using object serialization

Storing data in XML

Disadvantages of storing data in XML

Saving the data in a relational database

Advantages of saving data in a relational database

Interaction of Java with relational databases

Types of JDBC drivers

JDBC-ODBC bridge driver

Advantages of the JDBC-ODBC bridge driver

Disadvantages of the JDBC-ODBC bridge driver

JDBC Native API Driver/Partly Java Driver

Advantages of the JDBC Native API Driver

Disadvantages of the JDBC Native API Driver

JDBC Net Protocol Driver

Advantages of the JDBC Net Protocol Driver

Disadvantages of the JDBC Net Protocol Driver

All Java drivers

Advantage of Java drivers

Disadvantages of the Java Driver

Spring-JDBC integration

Configuring DataSource in Spring JDBC

Getting data sources by looking up using JNDI

Getting data sources that pool connections configured on a server

Getting data sources from the JDBC driver

Types of integration of JDBC

Integrating the DataSource to get a connection reference

Integrating the JDBC template

Integrating JDBC DAO support

Problems with JDBC

Introduction to ORM

Advantages of using ORM

Introduction to Hibernate

Hibernate architecture

Spring Hibernate integration

Introduction to unit testing

Unit testing using JUnit

Steps for writing a TestCase using annotation

Summary

5. Developing the Business Layer

Business logic

Domain knowledge

Rules, formulas, and conditions

Case studies

Developing the business layer

Transaction management

JDBC and transaction management

Spring and transaction management

Programmatic transaction

Declarative transaction

Managing declarative transaction in Spring

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Declarative transaction management

Programmatic transaction management

Summary

6. Testing Your Application

Software testing

The waterfall model

The spiral model

The V model

Verification phases

Validation phases

Mock testing

Spring testing framework

Case1 – Inserting contact with correct values as per validation rules

Case2 – Inserting a contact by violating validation rules for contacts

Why integration testing?

Mockito testing

Arquillian

Summary

7. Securing the Application

Make it safe, make it secure

Spring security framework

Secure web request

Way 1 – Spring Security for URL using servlet filters

Case 1 – Basic authentication

Case 2 – Login form authentication

Case 3 – Authentication against database

Case 4 – Remember me

Case 5 – Logout

Way 2 – Spring Security using AOP

@Secured

@RolesAllowed

SpEL-enabled security annotations for securing the methods

Spring Security using pointcut

Way 3 – Custom security

Summary

8. Versioning and Deploying

Versioning

Collabnet server

Visual SVN server

Adding SVN as a plugin to Eclipse

Adding files in the project and committing them to the repository

Importing the project in the workspace

Updating and tracking the project for latest changes in the repository

Project deployment

Copying a WAR file into Tomcat without Tomcat manager

Copying a WAR file into Tomcat with Tomcat manager

Summary

Index

Learning Modular Java Programming

Learning Modular Java Programming

Copyright © 2016 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

First published: June 2016

Production reference: 1270616

Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

Livery Place

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Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

ISBN 978-1-78588-882-3

www.packtpub.com

Credits

Author

Tejaswini Mandar Jog

Reviewer

Dionisios Petrakopoulos

Acquisition Editor

Larissa Pinto

Content Development Editor

Shali Deeraj

Technical Editor

Anushree Arun Tendulkar

Copy Editor

Safis Editing

Project Coordinator

Sanchita Mandal

Proofreader

Safis Editing

Indexer

Monica Ajmera Mehta

Graphics

Jason Monteiro

Production Coordinator

Aparna Bhagat

Cover Work

Aparna Bhagat

About the Author

Tejaswini Mandar Jog is a passionate and enthusiastic SCJP-certified trainer. She has more than eight years' experience in the IT training field, specializing in Java, J2EE, and relevant technologies. She has worked with many renowned corporate companies on training and skill enhancement programs. She is also involved in the development of projects using Java, Spring, and Hibernate.

I still remember the very first conversation with the editor about the book. Before that day I was just a reader, I never thought of writing a book. But now I had an opportunity to be an author! I was in a dilemma, and confused—can I be? But then my personal guide and philosopher Mandar gave me the confidence to go for it. Thank you Mandar not just for providing strong support, but also for your valuable suggestions, which helped me to improve the contents.

This book would not have been completed without the help of Shali, the editor. Her suggestions and efforts made the difference. Aaron, the acquisition editor, thank you for showing confidence in me, and giving me the confidence to write this book.

Without the best wishes and support of my family, it is doubtful that I would have completed this book.

It would be mean of me not to mention Ojas, my lovely son. I really appreciate the way he supported me, so that I was able to write peacefully. Love you a lot dear!!!

Finally, thank you to all who helped by supporting me directly and indirectly to complete this book. Thank you all just for being with me!!!

About the Reviewer

Dionisios Petrakopoulos has worked in several companies, using different programming languages (C, C++, Java SE, Java EE, and Scala) and technologies, as a senior software engineer for the past 15 years. His main interest is the Java ecosystem and the various facets of it. His other area of interest is information security, and especially cryptography. He holds a BSc in computer science and an MSc in information security, both from Royal Holloway, University of London.

I would like to thank my wife, Anna, for her support and love.

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Preface

Welcome to the world of Java EE development! A huge world, with a large number of things to learn and so many skills to adapt. It's actually difficult to decide what to start with. When I started, I faced a similar problem. Now, also when I am in training sessions or seminars, I find many people who want be professional developers, but don't have much exposure to the processes, stages, and thinking involved in application development. This book helps you by providing a path for web development that can used to understand the process of Java modular development through an easy-to-understand case study. Nowadays, in Java EE, there are many technologies in the market. One such technology is Spring.

Spring is useful for developing independent Java modules that can then be combined to create a complete application. We have used Spring, Spring MVC, and many of its features throughout the book, while discussing the concepts of database, unit testing, security, and many other topics.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Introducing Modular Programming, starts with a discussion about Enterprise application, its architecture, and its development. Enterprise application development is a team that activity faces many problems concerning collaboration between team members. We will introduce coordinated development and the tools involved in this chapter.

Chapter 2, Saying Hello to Java EE, involves a short warm up by discussing and developing a Java web application using Servlet-JSP. We will redevelop the application using a Spring to get startup gear as Spring MVC developer.

Chapter 3, Implementing the Presentation Layer, discusses the points that need to be taken care of when developing the most important layer of an application: the presentation layer. We will discuss how to develop the pages to incorporate data binding for business logic, as well as for presentation, using Spring MVC features.

Chapter 4, Talking to the Database, discusses Spring JDBC connectivity. Data collected from the user and data to be used in the business logic need to be persisted. We will also cover Spring DAO support persistency. We will then move on a step and introduce Hibernate, the ORM technology, and its integration with Spring. We will also cover unit testing to make sure our code is working fine.

Chapter 5, Developing the Business Layer, discusses the development of the most important layer of an application—the business layer—and the communication between the layers. An application needs to be developed by following a number of business rules.

Chapter 6, Testing Your Application, explains that the modules developed by the developer should produce the correct result. To ensure the correctness of the code in this chapter, we will cover the basics of testing with the help of the V module. We will also cover integration testing with JUnit and Mockito.

Chapter 7, Securing the Application, discusses why and how to secure the application. In an application, there are certain modules that are open and available to all, and some that are restricted. We will apply the Spring security module to secure the Spring MVC application with the help of basic and form based security.

Chapter 8, Versioning and Deploying, shows us how to collaborate on the application, which has been developed in parts, or by different team members simultaneously. In this chapter, we will set up and integrate Tortoise SVN as a versioning tool used to collaborate on the code. We will also discuss the creation of repositories, users, and setting access rules for Collabnet and Visual SVN servers.

What you need for this book

You will need to have sound knowledge and practical exposure of core Java to understand this book. Along with this, knowledge of basic JDBC and the concepts of object-oriented programming language is required. As we are using Eclipse IDE throughout the book, you should be familiar with it. Those who have an introductory knowledge of Spring beginner framework can refer to this book easily. If you are beginner for Spring, we suggest you first go through the basic concepts of Spring configuration and get some practical experience. A basic knowledge of Hibernate and JUnit will be an added advantage.

Who this book is for

The idea for this book is to give the reader experience of creating an application step by step using Java modular programming step by step. The book is useful for any novice developer who wants to get exposure of modular Java development. The book is also useful for anyone who wants to have a roadmap for developing an application in stages such as problem statement, UI development, business logic development, database layer development, and so on. The book covers all the aspects of application development required into a turn a the problem statement to product, with coverage of security, maintaining versions, and the deployment process.

Conventions

In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: Every object created based on this type will inherit these default properties such as toString, valueOf, hasOwnProperty, and so on.

A block of code is set as follows:

function doAddition(num1, num2){

  return num1 + num2;

}

function doSubtraction(num1, num2){

  var result = null;

  if(num1 > num2){

  result = num1 - num2;

  }else{

    result = num2 - num1;

  }

  return result;

}

Note

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Tip

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