Урок 2

Aлфавит. Часть 2.
Lesson 2. Alphabet. Part 2.

Useful Phrases
Formal dialogue

Здра́вствуйте. Здра́вствуй.
/Zdrʌ´stvuit’e/ /Zdrʌ´stvui/
Hello! (formal) Hello! (half formal)

– Как дела́?
– А у вас? А у тебя́?
/ʌ u vas/ /ʌ u tib’ʌ´/
How are you? And you?
And you?

До
Спаси́бо.
свида́ния.
/spʌsíbə/
/dʌ svidʌ´niə/
Thank you.
Good bye.

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Exercise 1. Read two dialogues. Which dialogue is formal and which one
is informal?

Диалог 1. Dialogue 1.

Denis: Здра́вствуйте, Алёна Ива́новна.

Alyona: Здра́вствуйте Дени́с Петро́вич. Как у вас дела́?
Denis: Отли́чно, а у вас?
Alyona: То́же всё хорошо́.

Диалог 2. Dialogue 2.

Denis: Приве́т, Алёна!

Alyona: Приве́т, Дени́с. Как дела́?
Denis: Отли́чно, а у тебя́?
Alyona: То́же всё хорошо́.

This is interesting!

As you have noticed, the words “mister” and “madam” are not used in a
formal dialogue. We don’t use them at all and in Russian there is no
equivalent. So how do you address a person in a formal way? Study the
dialogue well and try to find the answer by yourself! Check the solutions to
see if your idea is right.

Exercise 2. Rewrite this dialogue to make it formal.

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Katya: Приве́т, Ми́ша! Как у тебя́ дела́?
Misha: Норма́льно, а у тебя́?
Alyona: Отли́чно!

Russian Alphabet
Part 2

letter approximate sound

/k/ - like in the word cactus

/l/ - like in the word lion

/m/ - like in the word mountain

/n/ - like in the word ninja

/o/ - like in the word orange

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 /p/ - like in the word parking

/r/ - like in the word rose

/s/ - like in the word snake

ATTENTION!
In Russian this letter can only give
sound /s/. It never gives sound /k/

/t/ - like in the word tuna

/u/ - like in the word oops

/f/ - like in the word flower

Exercize 3. Connect the sounds and the letters

Кк /s/

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 Лл /r/

Мм /t/

Нн /l/

Оо /o/

Пп /u/

Рр /n/

Сс /k/

Тт /f/

Уу /p/

Фф /m/

Exercize 4. You have already learned 22 letters and their sounds! Now you
can read not only words, but also small texts. Many words in Russian are
similar to English words. Read the following text and try to understand
what it is about, then listen to the audio to check your pronunciation and
read the glossary to check the meaning.

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 Приве́т! Как дела́?
Э́то1 я, Ди́ма2!
Я студе́нт.

Это мама, папа, брат и сестра.

Ма́ма - гид.

Па́па - профе́ссор.

Сестра́ - спортсме́нка.

1
Это /éta/ - this
2
Дима - male Russian name, diminutive for Дмитрий (Dmitri).

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Брат - футболи́ст.

Кот - босс.

Some vocabulary
Listen to track 2 in esmerise.

студе́нт
student

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 профе́ссор
professor

спортсме́нка
sportswoman

футболи́ст
a football player

босс
boss

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 Solutions

Exercise 1
Dialogue 1 - formal, dialogue 2 - informal.

This is interesting. In Russian we do not use the words “mister” and “misses”. To
address a person in a formal way we use the patronymic. What is the patronymic?
Patronymic is the name derived from the father’s name by means of a suffix. For
example, in Russian my name is Юлия Сергеевна (Yulia Sergeevna). This means that my
father’s name is Sergei.
Guess: if the person’s name is Мария Ивановна (Maria Ivanovna), what is her father’s
name? Of course, Ivan! So, to speak in a formal way I use the person’s full name and their
patronymic.
To speak in an informal way I use only the name, very often the diminutive. It is
interesting that many diminutives of male names end with “a”. Here are some examples
of Russian diminutives.

Listen to track 3 to hear the male names in Russian.

Listen to track 4 to hear the female names in Russian.

Male names Female names

complete name diminutive complete name diminutive

Алекса́ндр Са́ша Алекса́ндра Са́ша

Анато́лий То́лик Екатери́на Ка́тя

Влади́мир Во́ва, Влад Еле́на Ле́на

Григо́рий Гри́ша Елизаве́та Ли́за

Дми́трий Ди́ма Мари́я Ма́ша

Ива́н Ва́ня Ната́лья Ната́ша

Серге́й Серёжа О́льга О́ля

Ю́рий Ю́ра Ю́лия Ю́ля

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Exercise 2.
Katya: Здравствуйте Михаил Иванович! Как у вас дела?
Misha: Здравствуйте Екатерина Сергеевна! Отлично. А у вас?
Alyona: Хорошо.

Exercise 3.

Кк /k/

Лл /l/

Мм /m/

Нн /n/

Оо /o/

Пп /p/

Рр /r/

Сс /s/

Тт /t/

Уу /u/

Фф /f/

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