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O documento aborda o uso do passado e do presente perfeito em relação a tempos finalizados, enfatizando que o passado deve ser usado com expressões de tempo como 'ontem' e 'na semana passada'. Ele fornece exemplos de frases corretas e incorretas, destacando a diferença entre os dois tempos verbais. Além disso, inclui exercícios práticos para reforçar a compreensão das regras apresentadas.
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‘With a finished time (yesterday / last week etc:), we use the past (arrived/saw/was ctc.):
past + finished time
yesterday.
last week.
at 3 o'clock.
in 2002.
six months ago.
yesterday
last week
six months ago
finished time
We arrived
past now
Do not use the present perfect (have arrived / have done / have been etc.) with a finished
time:
1 I saw Paula yesterday. (not I have seen)
(0 Where were you on Sunday afternoon? (ot Where have you been)
0 We didn’t have a holiday last year. (not We haven't had)
© ‘What did you do last night?” ‘I stayed at home’
© William Shakespeare lived from 1564 to 1616. He was a writer. He wrote many
plays and poems.
‘Use the past to ask When ... ? or What time ... ?
© When did you buy your computer? (not When have you bought?)
© What time did Andy go out? (no What time has Andy gone out)
Compare:
present perfect
0 Thave lost iny key.
(= I can’t find it now)
past
1 Host my key last week.
© Ben has gone home.
(= he isn’t here mow)
© Have you seen Kate?
(= where is she nou?)
1 Ben went home ten minutes ago.
© Did you see Kate on Saturday?
finished time
past
1D Have you ever been co Spain?
(= in your life, until now)
© Did you go to Spain last year?
5 My friend is a writer. He has written
many books.
© Shakespeare wrote many plays and
poems.
© The letter hasn’t arrived yet.
1 We've lived in Singapore for six years.
(= we live there now)
past simple ~» Units 11-12
© The letter didn’t arrive yesterday.
1 We lived in Glasgow for six years, but
now we live in Singapore.
present perfect -» Units 15-18 Exercises Unit 20
20.1 Complete the answers to the questions.
N /l
1 Have you seen Kate? Yes, 1. Say. her, five minutes ago.
2) Have you started your new job? Yes, I last week.
3 Have your friends arrived? ‘Yes, they at 5 o'clock
4 Has Sarah gone away? Yes, on Friday.
5 \ Have you worn your new suit? Yes, yesterday,
20.2 Are these sentences OK? Correct the verbs that are wrong. (The verbs are underlined.)
[ve lost my key. I can’t find it. Ok,
Did you see,
1
2 Have you seen Kate yesterday?
3 Lve finished my work at 2 o'clock.
4 P'm ready now. I've finished my work.
5 What time have you finished your work? gun .
6 Sue isn’t here. She's gone out.
T Steve's grandmother has died two years ago.
8 Where have you been last night? =
20.3. Put the verb in the present perfect or past.
1 My friend is a writer. He ....nas..woritten. (write) many books.
2 We ...didin’t. Mave... (not/have) a holiday last year.
31 (play) tennis yesterday afternoon.
4 What time (you/go) to bed last night?
5 (you/ever/meet) a famous person?
6 The weather (not/be) very good yesterday.
7 Kathy travels a lot. She (visit) many countries.
8 (witch) off che light before going out this morning.
9 [live in New York now, but [ (live) in Mexico for many years.
10 ‘What's Canada like? Is it beautiful? ‘1 don’t know. I {not/be) there?
20.4 Put the verb in the present perfect or past.
1 a: Have. you. ever been. (you/ever/be) to Florida?
B: Yes, we Went... (go) there on holiday two years ago.
re
B
(you/have) a good time?
Yes, it (be) great
2a: Where's Alan? {you/see) him?
B: Yes, he (go) out a few minutes ago.
&: And Rachel?
: Idon't know. 1 (not/sce) her.
3. Rose works in a factory. She (work) there for six months
Before that she (be) a waitress in a restaurant, She
(work) there for two years, but she
(not/enjoy) it very much.
4 a; Do you know Martin's sister?
kT Gee) her a few times, but I
(never/speak) to her. (you/ever/speak) to her?
a: Yes. I (meet) her at a party last week. She's very nice.
= Additional exercises 19-23, 29-31 (pages 260-62, 265-67) 51