INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO CEARÁ
CAMPUS XXXX
CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM XXXX
NOME SOBRENOME
TÍTULO DO TRABALHO
ACARAÚ
2020
NOME SOBRENOME
TÍTULO DO TRABALHO
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado
ao Curso de Licenciatura em Xxxx do Campus
Xxxx do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência
e Tecnologia do Ceará, como requisito parcial à
obtenção do grau de licenciado em Xxxx.
Orientador: Dr. Xxxxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxx
ACARAÚ
2020
Para criar sua ficha catalográfica, preencha corretamente
o Módulo de Elaboração de Fichas Catalográficas
(CATALOG!) disponibilizado no link:
[Link]
Em seguida, deve-se renomear o arquivo gerado como
“ficha-catalografica” e adicioná-lo ao template na pasta
“1-pre-textuais”. É necessário, contudo, excluir o antigo
arquivo “ficha-catalografica” antes de adicionar o novo.
A figura a seguir mostra os passos enumerados para a
inclusão da ficha catalográfica no Overleaf.
ERRATA
NOME SOBRENOME
TÍTULO DO TRABALHO
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado
ao Curso de Licenciatura em Xxxx do Campus
Xxxx do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência
e Tecnologia do Ceará, como requisito parcial à
obtenção do grau de licenciado em Xxxx.
Aprovada em:
BANCA EXAMINADORA
Dr. Xxxxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxx (Orientador)
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia
do Ceará (IFCE)
Dr. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa)
Dr. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
Universidade do Membro da Banca Três (SIGLA)
Texto da dedicatória.
AGRADECIMENTOS
Texto do agradecimento
“Texto da epígrafe”
(Autor)
RESUMO
Texto do resumo.
Palavras-chave: Palavra-chave 1. Palavra-chave 2. Palavra-chave 3.
ABSTRACT
Abstract text.
Keywords: Keyword 1. Keyword 2. Keyword 3.
LISTA DE FIGURAS
LISTA DE TABELAS
LISTA DE QUADROS
LISTA DE ALGORITMOS
LISTA DE CÓDIGOS-FONTE
Código-fonte 1 – Hello World em C++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Código-fonte 2 – Hello World em Java . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS E SIGLAS
PDF Portable Document Format
LISTA DE SÍMBOLOS
Ae Área efetiva da antena
B Largura de faixa em que o ruído é medido em Hertz
d Distância em metros
E Campo elétrico
FA Fator da antena
Gr Ganho de recepção
h Altura efetiva ou comprimento efetivo de uma antena
I Corrente elétrica
k Constante de Boltzmann’s
K Eficiência de irradiação
M Variação do patamar de ruído em função da RBW
N Condutor de neutro
NF Figura de ruído
Ni Potência do ruído na entrada
No Potência do ruído na saída
P Potência
R Resistência
Si Potência do sinal na entrada
So Potência do sinal na saída
t Tempo
V Tensão
ZL Impedância da antena
Zo Impedância de referência (50Ω)
λ Comprimento de onda
Γ Coeficiente de reflexão
SUMÁRIO
1 INTRODUÇÃO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2 REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.1 Seção 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.2 Seção 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.3 Seção 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3 JUSTIFICATIVA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4 OBJETIVOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1 Objetivo Geral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.2 Objetivos Específicos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5 METODOLOGIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.1 Seção 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.2 Seção 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.3 Seção 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6 RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.1 Seção 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.2 Seção 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.3 Seção 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7 CONCLUSÃO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
REFERÊNCIAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
APÊNDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
APÊNDICE A – Exemplo de apêndice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
APÊNDICE B – Questionário utilizado para... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
APÊNDICE C – Códigos-fontes utilizados para... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
APÊNDICE D – IEEE CEFC 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
ANEXOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
ANEXO A – Exemplo de um anexo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
ANEXO B – Exemplo de um anexo em PDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
18
1 INTRODUÇÃO
19
2 REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO
2.1 Seção 1
2.2 Seção 2
2.3 Seção 3
20
3 JUSTIFICATIVA
21
4 OBJETIVOS
4.1 Objetivo Geral
• Objetivo Geral.
4.2 Objetivos Específicos
• Objetivo específico 1;
• Objetivo específico 2.
22
5 METODOLOGIA
5.1 Seção 1
5.2 Seção 2
5.3 Seção 3
23
6 RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO
6.1 Seção 1
6.2 Seção 2
6.3 Seção 3
24
7 CONCLUSÃO
25
REFERÊNCIAS
26
APÊNDICE A – EXEMPLO DE APÊNDICE
Um apêndice é um documento elaborado pelo autor, diferentemente do anexo. Geral-
mente, se coloca como apêndice, questionários, códigos de programação, tabelas que tomariam
muito espaço no meio do trabalho. Artigos, resumos ou qualquer publicação relacionada ao
trabalho podem ser utilizados como apêndice.
27
APÊNDICE B – QUESTIONÁRIO UTILIZADO PARA...
Questão 1. Esta é a primeira questão com alguns itens:
(a) Este é o primeiro item
(b) Segundo item
Questão 2. Esta é a segunda questão:
(a) Este é o primeiro item
(b) Segundo item
Questão 3. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc dictum sed tortor nec
viverra. consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc dictum sed tortor nec viverra.
(a) consectetur
(b) adipiscing
(c) Nunc
(d) dictum
28
APÊNDICE C – CÓDIGOS-FONTES UTILIZADOS PARA...
Código-fonte 1 – Hello World em C++
1 # include < iostream >
2 using namespace std ;
3 int main () {
4 cout < < " Hello World ! " << endl ;
5 system ( " pause " ) ;
6 }
Código-fonte 2 – Hello World em Java
1 public class HelloWorld {
2 public static void main ( String [] args ) {
3 System . out . println ( " Hello World ! " ) ;
4 }
5 }
29
APÊNDICE D – IEEE CEFC 2016
Digest submetido ao The 17th Biennial Conference on Eletromagnetic Field Compu-
tation, Miami FL - NOV 13-16, 2016, USA.
Lightning Incidence Model Based on the Electric Field Gradient:
3D Electrostatic Analyses
Ednardo M. Rodrigues, Ricardo S. T. Pontes and Tobias R. Fernandes Neto
Federal University of Ceará, Department of Electrical Engineering, Fortaleza CE, BRAZIL
ednardorodrigues@[Link]
Abstract— The paper deals with the 3D electrostatic analysis of was 1.34GB and 5.6GB of virtual memory. The electric field
a lightning strike in a hangar and a power transmission line. The is very intense at the roof (about 80MV/m) and the lightning
lightning incidence model is based on the electric field gradient. (cyan lines) strikes the building roof, as shown in Fig. 1a. In
Finally, the simulation results are described and discussed.
Index Terms—Lightning, Electrostatic, Finite element. summary, it is not necessary to add air terminals, as long the
roof is grounded. The simulation time for the TL was around 6
I. INTRODUCTION min, using 15GB of physical memory and 32GB of virtual
memory. As shown in Fig 1b, the cyan lines strike the earth
In [1], a 2D electrostatic analysis of a new lightning
wires.
incidence model based on the electric field gradient (EFG)
was presented. Moreover, the simulations results were carried
out for a building and a power transmission line and they were
compared with the classical electrogeometrical model (EGM),
the rolling-sphere technique (RST) and the leader progression
model (LPM) [2]. The present paper estimates the trajectory of
lightning strikes from the thundercloud to a grounded metal
roof of a hangar. Furthermore, the same procedure will be
carried out for 500kV power transmission lines.
II. ELECTROSTATIC ANALYSES
A lightning occurs when the electric field is higher than the
breakeven field (400kV/m —3MV/m) [2]. This model is based
on the electric field gradient described by
, 1
E r is the background electric field, which is function of
the position r and it is generated by the electric potential
difference (EPD) between the cloud and the ground. λ is the
lightning step length (~50m) [3], and E r is the lightning
electric field. More details about Eq. (1) can be found in [1].
A 3D finite element method (FEM) model of a hangar and a Fig. 1. Case of studies: (a) hangar and (b) power transmission line.
power transmission line (TL) were designed by using the IV. CONCLUSIONS
electrostatic module. All simulations were carried out within a
The EFG simulations predicted that the aluminum metal roof
cubic domain of 250m x 250m x 250m. The upper level of
is able to protect the hangar against lightning strikes. In the TL
each domain is defined with -12.5MV, while the lower level is
simulation, the earth wires have fulfilled the protection for the
the ground. This is equivalent to a real thundercloud with a
phase conductors. Finally, the protection zone and the design
potential of (-100MV) at 2km of altitude [4].
of lightning protection system can be evaluated by 3D
The dimensions of the hangar are: 8.60m height, 77.37m
electrostatic analyses, which are closer to the reality than the
width and 229.00m length. The aluminum metal roof has
2D analyses. However, 3D models are often more complex
0.7mm thickness and it is grounded. The second simulation is
and require more simulation time.
for a TL composed by three phase conductors, equally spaced
by 11.5m and positioned at 40.5m above the reference plane.
REFERENCES
The TLs are protected by two earth wires spaced by 19m over
54.47m of the reference plane. [1] E. M. Rodrigues, Novel Lightning Incidence Model Based on the
Electric Field Gradient: 2D Electrostatic Analyses. GROUND’2016 &
III. RESULTS 7th LPE. 2016.
[2] V. Cooray, Lightning protection, The Institution of Engineering and
In order to evaluate the 3D model, the software COMSOL Technology. 2009.
Multiphysics® was used in a computer with quad-core [3] V.A. Rakov and M. A. Uman, Lightning: physics and effects.
Cambridge University Press. 2007.
processor of 2.6GHz. For the hangar, the simulation time was [4] S. Visacro, Descargas atmosféricas: Uma Abordagem de Engenharia
around 4s. The necessary physical memory for the simulation (Lightning strike: An Engineering approach), Artliber, 2005.
978-1-5090-1032-5/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE
31
ANEXO A – EXEMPLO DE UM ANEXO
Um anexo é um documento que não foi elaborado pelo autor, ou seja, o autor apenas
anexa. Anexos podem ser tabelas, mapas, diagramas, datasheets, manuais e etc.
32
ANEXO B – EXEMPLO DE UM ANEXO EM PDF
O autor pode anexar um Portable Document Format (PDF), traduzido como formato
portátil de documento. Veja o código fonte utilizado para anexar o arquivo “[Link]” que foi
colocado dentro da pasta “anexos” que por sua vez está dentro da pasta “elementos-pos-textuais”.
Tenha muita atenção na hora de especificar o local do arquivo. Recomenda-se não utilizar
caracteres especiais para nomear pastas e, principalmente, arquivos.
Pode-se fazer uma descrição sucinta do arquivo anexado.
Product Data Sheet
Version 05 / 2007
Sikasil® GS-630
Glazing sealant for structural & non-structural use
Technical Product Data
Chemical base 1-C silicone
Color (CQP1 001-1) See Product Overview
Cure mechanism Moisture-curing
Cure type Neutral
Density (uncured) (CQP 006-4) 1.4 kg/l approx.
Non-sag properties (CQP 061-4 / ISO 7390) < 2 mm approx.
Application temperature 5 - 40°C (41 - 104°F)
Skin time2 (CQP 019-2) 10 min approx.
Tack-free time2 (CQP 019-1) 60 min approx.
Curing speed (CQP 049-1) See diagram 1
Shore A-hardness (CQP 023-1 / ISO 868) 32 approx.
2
Tensile strength (CQP 036-1 / ISO 37) 1.2 N/mm approx.
Elongation at break (CQP 036-1 / ISO 37) 480% approx.
Tear propagation resistance (CQP 045-1 / ISO 34) 6 N/mm approx.
2
100% modulus (CQP 036-1 / ISO 37) 0.6 N/mm approx.
Movement accommodation capability (ASTM C 719) ±50%
Thermal resistance (CQP 513-1) long term 180°C (356°F) approx.
Short term 4h 200°C (392°F) approx.
1h 220°C (428°F) approx.
-40 - 150°C approx.
Service temperature
(-40 - 302°F)
Shelf life (storage below 25°C) (CQP 016-1) 15 months
1) 2)
CQP = Corporate Quality Procedure 23°C (73°F) / 50% r.h.
Description Product Benefits Areas of Application
®
Sikasil GS-630 is a durable, - Outstanding UV and weathering Sikasil® GS-630 is a silicone sea-
neutral-curing silicone sealant and resistance lant and adhesive designed for
adhesive which combines - Excellent adhesion to glass, coa- sealing, bonding and mending
mechanical strength with high ted glass, metals and plastics tasks in a wide variety of industrial
elongation. It adheres excellent to - Fast curing applications, e. g. structural and
a wide range of substrates. - Long-term durability nonstructural applications in fa-
Sikasil® GS-630 is manufactured in - High movement capability cades.
accordance with ISO 9001 quality This product is suitable for pro-
assurance system and the respon- fessional experienced users only.
sible care program. Tests with actual substrates and
conditions have to be performed to
ensure adhesion and material
compatibility.
Sikasil® GS-630 1 / 2
Cure Mechanism Method of Application Overpainting
Sikasil® GS-630 cures by reaction Surface preparation Sikasil® GS-630 cannot be over-
with atmospheric moisture. The Surfaces must be clean, dry and painted.
reaction thus starts at the surface free from oil, grease and dust.
and proceeds to the core of the Advice on specific applications and Further Information
joint. The curing speed depends on surface pretreatment methods is Copies of the following publications
the relative humidity and the tem- available from the Technical Ser- are available on request:
perature (see diagram 1 below). vice Department of Sika Industry. - Material Safety Data Sheet
Heating above 50°C to speed-up
the vulcanization is not advisable Application
Packaging Information
as it may lead to bubble formation. After suitable joint and substrate
®
preparation, Sikasil GS-630 is Unipack 600 ml
At low temperatures the water
gunned into place. Joints must be Cartridge 300 ml
content of the air is lower and the
curing reaction proceeds more properly dimensioned as changes Pail 26 kg
slowly. are no longer possible after con- Drum 280 kg
struction. For optimum perfor-
10 mance the joint width should be
50°C 35°C 23°C Value Bases
designed according to the move-
Curing speed [mm]
8 ment capability of the sealant All technical data stated in this
8°C based on the actual expected Product Data Sheet are based on
6
movement. The minimum joint laboratory tests. Actual measured
4 depth is 6 mm and a width / depth data may vary due to circumstan-
50°C / 95% r.h.
35°C / 90% r.h. ratio of 2:1 must be respected if ces beyond our control.
2 23°C / 50% r.h.
8°C / 30% r.h.
used for weatherproofing. For
0 backfilling it is recommended to Health and Safety Information
0 2 4 6 8 10 For information and advice re-
Time [days] use closed cell, sealant compatible
foam backer rods e.g. high resil- garding transportation, handling,
Diagram 1: Curing speed 1C-Sikasil® storage and disposal of chemical
ience polyethylene foam rod. If
joints are too shallow for backing products, users should refer to the
Application Limits material to be employed, we rec- actual Material Safety Data Sheets
All Sikasil® WS, FS, SG, IG, WT ommend using a polyethylene containing physical, ecological,
and other engineering silicone tape. This acts as a release film toxicological and other safety-
sealants and adhesives are com- (bond breaker), allowing the joint to related data.
®
patible with each other. Sikasil move and the silicone to stretch
WS and FS sealants as well as freely. Legal Notes
other Sika engineering silicone For more information please con- The information, and, in particular, the
sealants are compatible with tact the Technical Service Depart- recommendations relating to the appli-
SikaGlaze® IG sealants. All other ment of Sika Industry. cation and end-use of Sika products,
sealants have to be approved by are given in good faith based on Sika's
Sika before using them in combi- Tooling and finishing current knowledge and experience of
® the products when properly stored,
nation with Sikasil GS-630. Tooling and finishing must be handled and applied under normal
Where two or more different carried out within the skin time of conditions in accordance with Sika's
reactive sealants are used, allow the adhesive. recommendations. In practice, the
the first to cure completely before When tooling freshly applied differences in materials, substrates and
applying the next. ®
Sikasil GS-630 press the actual site conditions are such that no
Do not use Sikasil® GS-630 on adhesive to the joint flanks to get a warranty in respect of merchantability
pre-stressed polyacrylate and good wetting of the bonding or of fitness for a particular purpose,
polycarbonate elements as it may surface. nor any liability arising out of any legal
cause environmental stress relationship whatsoever, can be in-
Removal ferred either from this information, or
cracking (crazing).
The compatibility of gaskets, Uncured Sikasil® GS-630 may be from any written recommendations, or
from any other advice offered. The user
backer rods and other accessory removed from tools and equipment
® ® of the product must test the product’s
materials with Sikasil GS-630 with Sika Remover-208 or an- suitability for the intended application
must be tested in advance. other suitable solvent. Once cured, and purpose. Sika reserves the right to
Joints deeper than 15 mm should the material can only be removed change the properties of its products.
be avoided. mechanically. The proprietary rights of third parties
The above information is offered Hands and exposed skin should be must be observed. All orders are ac-
® cepted subject to our current terms of
for general guidance only. Advice washed immediately using Sika
Handclean Towel or a suitable sale and delivery. Users must always
on specific applications will be refer to the most recent issue of the
given on request. industrial hand cleaner and water.
local Product Data Sheet for the pro-
Do not use solvents! duct concerned, copies of which will be
supplied on request.
Further information available at:
[Link]
[Link]
Sikasil® GS-630 2 / 2
Sika Schweiz AG
Industry
Tüffenwies 16
CH-8048 Zurich
Switzerland
Tel. +41 44 436 40 40
Fax +41 44 436 45 30