Node.js v26.3.0 documentation

HTTP#

This module, containing both a client and server, can be imported via require('node:http') (CommonJS) or import * as http from 'node:http' (ES module).

The HTTP interfaces in Node.js are designed to support many features of the protocol which have been traditionally difficult to use. In particular, large, possibly chunk-encoded, messages. The interface is careful to never buffer entire requests or responses, so the user is able to stream data.

HTTP message headers are represented by an object like this:

{ "content-length": "123",
  "content-type": "text/plain",
  "connection": "keep-alive",
  "host": "example.com",
  "accept": "*/*" }
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Keys are lowercased. Values are not modified.

In order to support the full spectrum of possible HTTP applications, the Node.js HTTP API is very low-level. It deals with stream handling and message parsing only. It parses a message into headers and body but it does not parse the actual headers or the body.

See message.headers for details on how duplicate headers are handled.

[ "ConTent-Length", "123456",
  "content-LENGTH", "123",
  "content-type", "text/plain",
  "CONNECTION", "keep-alive",
  "Host", "example.com",
  "accepT", "*/*" ]
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Class: http.Agent#

An Agent is responsible for managing connection persistence and reuse for HTTP clients. It maintains a queue of pending requests for a given host and port, reusing a single socket connection for each until the queue is empty, at which time the socket is either destroyed or put into a pool where it is kept to be used again for requests to the same host and port. Whether it is destroyed or pooled depends on the keepAlive option.

Pooled connections have TCP Keep-Alive enabled for them, but servers may still close idle connections, in which case they will be removed from the pool and a new connection will be made when a new HTTP request is made for that host and port. Servers may also refuse to allow multiple requests over the same connection, in which case the connection will have to be remade for every request and cannot be pooled. The Agent will still make the requests to that server, but each one will occur over a new connection.

When a connection is closed by the client or the server, it is removed from the pool. Any unused sockets in the pool will be unrefed so as not to keep the Node.js process running when there are no outstanding requests. (see socket.unref()).

It is good practice, to destroy() an Agent instance when it is no longer in use, because unused sockets consume OS resources.

Sockets are removed from an agent when the socket emits either a 'close' event or an 'agentRemove' event. When intending to keep one HTTP request open for a long time without keeping it in the agent, something like the following may be done:

http.get(options, (res) => {
  // Do stuff
}).on('socket', (socket) => {
  socket.emit('agentRemove');
});
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An agent may also be used for an individual request. By providing {agent: false} as an option to the http.get() or http.request() functions, a one-time use Agent with default options will be used for the client connection.

http.get({
  hostname: 'localhost',
  port: 80,
  path: '/',
  agent: false,  // Create a new agent just for this one request
}, (res) => {
  // Do stuff with response
});
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new Agent([options])#

Add scheduling option to specify the free socket scheduling strategy.

• options <Object> Set of configurable options to set on the agent. Can have the following fields:
  • keepAlive <boolean> Keep sockets around even when there are no outstanding requests, so they can be used for future requests without having to reestablish a TCP connection. Not to be confused with the keep-alive value of the Connection header. The Connection: keep-alive header is always sent when using an agent except when the Connection header is explicitly specified or when the keepAlive and maxSockets options are respectively set to false and Infinity, in which case Connection: close will be used. Default: false.
  • keepAliveMsecs <number> When using the keepAlive option, specifies the initial delay for TCP Keep-Alive packets. Ignored when the keepAlive option is false or undefined. Default: 1000.
  • agentKeepAliveTimeoutBuffer <number> Milliseconds to subtract from the server-provided keep-alive: timeout=... hint when determining socket expiration time. This buffer helps ensure the agent closes the socket slightly before the server does, reducing the chance of sending a request on a socket that’s about to be closed by the server. Default: 1000.
  • maxSockets <number> Maximum number of sockets to allow per host. If the same host opens multiple concurrent connections, each request will use new socket until the maxSockets value is reached. If the host attempts to open more connections than maxSockets, the additional requests will enter into a pending request queue, and will enter active connection state when an existing connection terminates. This makes sure there are at most maxSockets active connections at any point in time, from a given host. Default: Infinity.
  • maxTotalSockets <number> Maximum number of sockets allowed for all hosts in total. Each request will use a new socket until the maximum is reached. Default: Infinity.
  • maxFreeSockets <number> Maximum number of sockets per host to leave open in a free state. Only relevant if keepAlive is set to true. Default: 256.
  • scheduling <string> Scheduling strategy to apply when picking the next free socket to use. It can be 'fifo' or 'lifo'. The main difference between the two scheduling strategies is that 'lifo' selects the most recently used socket, while 'fifo' selects the least recently used socket. In case of a low rate of request per second, the 'lifo' scheduling will lower the risk of picking a socket that might have been closed by the server due to inactivity. In case of a high rate of request per second, the 'fifo' scheduling will maximize the number of open sockets, while the 'lifo' scheduling will keep it as low as possible. Default: 'lifo'.
  • timeout <number> Socket timeout in milliseconds. This will set the timeout when the socket is created.
  • proxyEnv <Object> | <undefined> Environment variables for proxy configuration. See Built-in Proxy Support for details. Default: undefined
    • HTTP_PROXY <string> | <undefined> URL for the proxy server that HTTP requests should use. If undefined, no proxy is used for HTTP requests.
    • HTTPS_PROXY <string> | <undefined> URL for the proxy server that HTTPS requests should use. If undefined, no proxy is used for HTTPS requests.
    • NO_PROXY <string> | <undefined> Patterns specifying the endpoints that should not be routed through a proxy.
    • http_proxy <string> | <undefined> Same as HTTP_PROXY. If both are set, http_proxy takes precedence.
    • https_proxy <string> | <undefined> Same as HTTPS_PROXY. If both are set, https_proxy takes precedence.
    • no_proxy <string> | <undefined> Same as NO_PROXY. If both are set, no_proxy takes precedence.
  • defaultPort <number> Default port to use when the port is not specified in requests. Default: 80.
  • protocol <string> The protocol to use for the agent. Default: 'http:'.

options in socket.connect() are also supported.

import { Agent, request } from 'node:http';
const keepAliveAgent = new Agent({ keepAlive: true });
options.agent = keepAliveAgent;
request(options, onResponseCallback);
const http = require('node:http');
const keepAliveAgent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true });
options.agent = keepAliveAgent;
http.request(options, onResponseCallback);
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agent.createConnection(options[, callback])#

• options <Object> Options containing connection details. Check net.createConnection() for the format of the options. For custom agents, this object is passed to the custom createConnection function.
• callback <Function> (Optional, primarily for custom agents) A function to be called by a custom createConnection implementation when the socket is created, especially for asynchronous operations.
  • err <Error> | <null> An error object if socket creation failed.
  • socket <stream.Duplex> The created socket.
• Returns: <stream.Duplex> The created socket. This is returned by the default implementation or by a custom synchronous createConnection implementation. If a custom createConnection uses the callback for asynchronous operation, this return value might not be the primary way to obtain the socket.

Produces a socket/stream to be used for HTTP requests.

By default, this function behaves identically to net.createConnection(), synchronously returning the created socket. The optional callback parameter in the signature is not used by this default implementation.

However, custom agents may override this method to provide greater flexibility, for example, to create sockets asynchronously. When overriding createConnection:

1. Synchronous socket creation: The overriding method can return the socket/stream directly.
2. Asynchronous socket creation: The overriding method can accept the callback and pass the created socket/stream to it (e.g., callback(null, newSocket)). If an error occurs during socket creation, it should be passed as the first argument to the callback (e.g., callback(err)).

agent.keepSocketAlive(socket)#

• socket <stream.Duplex>

Called when socket is detached from a request and could be persisted by the Agent. Default behavior is to:

socket.setKeepAlive(true, this.keepAliveMsecs);
socket.unref();
return true;
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This method can be overridden by a particular Agent subclass. If this method returns a falsy value, the socket will be destroyed instead of persisting it for use with the next request.

agent.reuseSocket(socket, request)#

• socket <stream.Duplex>
• request <http.ClientRequest>

Called when socket is attached to request after being persisted because of the keep-alive options. Default behavior is to:

socket.ref();
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This method can be overridden by a particular Agent subclass.

agent.destroy()#

Destroy any sockets that are currently in use by the agent.

agent.freeSockets#

The property now has a null prototype.

• Type: <Object>

An object which contains arrays of sockets currently awaiting use by the agent when keepAlive is enabled. Do not modify.

agent.getName([options])#

The options parameter is now optional.

• options <Object> A set of options providing information for name generation
  • host <string> A domain name or IP address of the server to issue the request to
  • port <number> Port of remote server
  • localAddress <string> Local interface to bind for network connections when issuing the request
  • family <integer> Must be 4 or 6 if this doesn't equal undefined.
• Returns: <string>

agent.maxFreeSockets#

• Type: <number>

agent.maxSockets#

• Type: <number>

agent.maxTotalSockets#

• Type: <number>

agent.requests#

The property now has a null prototype.

• Type: <Object>

agent.sockets#

The property now has a null prototype.

• Type: <Object>

Class: http.ClientRequest#

• Extends: <http.OutgoingMessage>

This object is created internally and returned from http.request(). It represents an in-progress request whose header has already been queued. The header is still mutable using the setHeader(name, value), getHeader(name), removeHeader(name) API. The actual header will be sent along with the first data chunk or when calling request.end().

To get the response, add a listener for 'response' to the request object. 'response' will be emitted from the request object when the response headers have been received. The 'response' event is executed with one argument which is an instance of http.IncomingMessage.

During the 'response' event, one can add listeners to the response object; particularly to listen for the 'data' event.

If no 'response' handler is added, then the response will be entirely discarded. However, if a 'response' event handler is added, then the data from the response object must be consumed, either by calling response.read() whenever there is a 'readable' event, or by adding a 'data' handler, or by calling the .resume() method. Until the data is consumed, the 'end' event will not fire. Also, until the data is read it will consume memory that can eventually lead to a 'process out of memory' error.

For backward compatibility, res will only emit 'error' if there is an 'error' listener registered.

Set Content-Length header to limit the response body size. If response.strictContentLength is set to true, mismatching the Content-Length header value will result in an Error being thrown, identified by code: 'ERR_HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH_MISMATCH'.

Event: 'abort'#

Event: 'close'#

Event: 'connect'#

• response <http.IncomingMessage>
• socket <stream.Duplex>
• head <Buffer>

Emitted each time a server responds to a request with a CONNECT method. If this event is not being listened for, clients receiving a CONNECT method will have their connections closed.

This event is guaranteed to be passed an instance of the <net.Socket> class, a subclass of <stream.Duplex>, unless the user specifies a socket type other than <net.Socket>.

import { createServer, request } from 'node:http';
import { connect } from 'node:net';
import { URL } from 'node:url';

// Create an HTTP tunneling proxy
const proxy = createServer((req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' });
  res.end('okay');
});
proxy.on('connect', (req, clientSocket, head) => {
  // Connect to an origin server
  const { port, hostname } = new URL(`http://${req.url}`);
  const serverSocket = connect(port || 80, hostname, () => {
    clientSocket.write('HTTP/1.1 200 Connection Established\r\n' +
                    'Proxy-agent: Node.js-Proxy\r\n' +
                    '\r\n');
    serverSocket.write(head);
    serverSocket.pipe(clientSocket);
    clientSocket.pipe(serverSocket);
  });
});

// Now that proxy is running
proxy.listen(1337, '127.0.0.1', () => {

  // Make a request to a tunneling proxy
  const options = {
    port: 1337,
    host: '127.0.0.1',
    method: 'CONNECT',
    path: 'www.google.com:80',
  };

  const req = request(options);
  req.end();

  req.on('connect', (res, socket, head) => {
    console.log('got connected!');

    // Make a request over an HTTP tunnel
    socket.write('GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n' +
                 'Host: www.google.com:80\r\n' +
                 'Connection: close\r\n' +
                 '\r\n');
    socket.on('data', (chunk) => {
      console.log(chunk.toString());
    });
    socket.on('end', () => {
      proxy.close();
    });
  });
});
const http = require('node:http');
const net = require('node:net');
const { URL } = require('node:url');

// Create an HTTP tunneling proxy
const proxy = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' });
  res.end('okay');
});
proxy.on('connect', (req, clientSocket, head) => {
  // Connect to an origin server
  const { port, hostname } = new URL(`http://${req.url}`);
  const serverSocket = net.connect(port || 80, hostname, () => {
    clientSocket.write('HTTP/1.1 200 Connection Established\r\n' +
                    'Proxy-agent: Node.js-Proxy\r\n' +
                    '\r\n');
    serverSocket.write(head);
    serverSocket.pipe(clientSocket);
    clientSocket.pipe(serverSocket);
  });
});

// Now that proxy is running
proxy.listen(1337, '127.0.0.1', () => {

  // Make a request to a tunneling proxy
  const options = {
    port: 1337,
    host: '127.0.0.1',
    method: 'CONNECT',
    path: 'www.google.com:80',
  };

  const req = http.request(options);
  req.end();

  req.on('connect', (res, socket, head) => {
    console.log('got connected!');

    // Make a request over an HTTP tunnel
    socket.write('GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n' +
                 'Host: www.google.com:80\r\n' +
                 'Connection: close\r\n' +
                 '\r\n');
    socket.on('data', (chunk) => {
      console.log(chunk.toString());
    });
    socket.on('end', () => {
      proxy.close();
    });
  });
});
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Event: 'continue'#

Event: 'finish'#

Event: 'information'#

• info <Object>
  • httpVersion <string>
  • httpVersionMajor <integer>
  • httpVersionMinor <integer>
  • statusCode <integer>
  • statusMessage <string>
  • headers <Object>
  • rawHeaders <string[]>

Emitted when the server sends a 1xx intermediate response (excluding 101 Upgrade). The listeners of this event will receive an object containing the HTTP version, status code, status message, key-value headers object, and array with the raw header names followed by their respective values.

import { request } from 'node:http';

const options = {
  host: '127.0.0.1',
  port: 8080,
  path: '/length_request',
};

// Make a request
const req = request(options);
req.end();

req.on('information', (info) => {
  console.log(`Got information prior to main response: ${info.statusCode}`);
});
const http = require('node:http');

const options = {
  host: '127.0.0.1',
  port: 8080,
  path: '/length_request',
};

// Make a request
const req = http.request(options);
req.end();

req.on('information', (info) => {
  console.log(`Got information prior to main response: ${info.statusCode}`);
});
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Event: 'response'#

• response <http.IncomingMessage>

Event: 'socket'#

• socket <stream.Duplex>

Event: 'timeout'#

Emitted when the underlying socket times out from inactivity. This only notifies that the socket has been idle. The request must be destroyed manually.

Event: 'upgrade'#

• response <http.IncomingMessage>
• stream <stream.Duplex>
• head <Buffer>

Emitted each time a server responds to a request with an upgrade. If this event is not being listened for and the response status code is 101 Switching Protocols, clients receiving an upgrade header will have their connections closed.

This event is guaranteed to be passed an instance of the <net.Socket> class, a subclass of <stream.Duplex>, unless the user specifies a socket type other than <net.Socket>.

import http from 'node:http';
import process from 'node:process';

// Create an HTTP server
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' });
  res.end('okay');
});
server.on('upgrade', (req, stream, head) => {
  stream.write('HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake\r\n' +
               'Upgrade: WebSocket\r\n' +
               'Connection: Upgrade\r\n' +
               '\r\n');

  stream.pipe(stream); // echo back
});

// Now that server is running
server.listen(1337, '127.0.0.1', () => {

  // make a request
  const options = {
    port: 1337,
    host: '127.0.0.1',
    headers: {
      'Connection': 'Upgrade',
      'Upgrade': 'websocket',
    },
  };

  const req = http.request(options);
  req.end();

  req.on('upgrade', (res, stream, upgradeHead) => {
    console.log('got upgraded!');
    stream.end();
    process.exit(0);
  });
});
const http = require('node:http');

// Create an HTTP server
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' });
  res.end('okay');
});
server.on('upgrade', (req, stream, head) => {
  stream.write('HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake\r\n' +
               'Upgrade: WebSocket\r\n' +
               'Connection: Upgrade\r\n' +
               '\r\n');

  stream.pipe(stream); // echo back
});

// Now that server is running
server.listen(1337, '127.0.0.1', () => {

  // make a request
  const options = {
    port: 1337,
    host: '127.0.0.1',
    headers: {
      'Connection': 'Upgrade',
      'Upgrade': 'websocket',
    },
  };

  const req = http.request(options);
  req.end();

  req.on('upgrade', (res, stream, upgradeHead) => {
    console.log('got upgraded!');
    stream.end();
    process.exit(0);
  });
});
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request.abort()#

request.aborted#

The aborted property is no longer a timestamp number.

• Type: <boolean>

request.connection#

• Type: <stream.Duplex>

request.cork()#

request.end([data[, encoding]][, callback])#

This method now returns a reference to ClientRequest.

• data <string> | <Buffer> | <Uint8Array>
• encoding <string>
• callback <Function>
• Returns: <this>

Finishes sending the request. If any parts of the body are unsent, it will flush them to the stream. If the request is chunked, this will send the terminating '0\r\n\r\n'.

If data is specified, it is equivalent to calling request.write(data, encoding) followed by request.end(callback).

request.destroy([error])#

The function returns this for consistency with other Readable streams.

• error <Error> Optional, an error to emit with 'error' event.
• Returns: <this>

Destroy the request. Optionally emit an 'error' event, and emit a 'close' event. Calling this will cause remaining data in the response to be dropped, and the socket to be destroyed if used, or returned to the corresponding Agent pool otherwise if possible.

request.destroyed#

• Type: <boolean>

Is true after request.destroy() has been called.

request.finished#

• Type: <boolean>

request.flushHeaders()#

Flushes the request headers.

For efficiency reasons, Node.js normally buffers the request headers until request.end() is called or the first chunk of request data is written. It then tries to pack the request headers and data into a single TCP packet.

request.getHeader(name)#

• name <string>
• Returns: <any>

request.setHeader('content-type', 'text/html');
request.setHeader('Content-Length', Buffer.byteLength(body));
request.setHeader('Cookie', ['type=ninja', 'language=javascript']);
const contentType = request.getHeader('Content-Type');
// 'contentType' is 'text/html'
const contentLength = request.getHeader('Content-Length');
// 'contentLength' is of type number
const cookie = request.getHeader('Cookie');
// 'cookie' is of type string[]
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request.getHeaderNames()#

• Returns: <string[]>

request.setHeader('Foo', 'bar');
request.setHeader('Cookie', ['foo=bar', 'bar=baz']);

const headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
// headerNames === ['foo', 'cookie']
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request.getHeaders()#

• Returns: <Object>

Returns a shallow copy of the current outgoing headers. Since a shallow copy is used, array values may be mutated without additional calls to various header-related http module methods. The keys of the returned object are the header names and the values are the respective header values. All header names are lowercase.

request.setHeader('Foo', 'bar');
request.setHeader('Cookie', ['foo=bar', 'bar=baz']);

const headers = request.getHeaders();
// headers === { foo: 'bar', 'cookie': ['foo=bar', 'bar=baz'] }
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request.getRawHeaderNames()#

• Returns: <string[]>

request.setHeader('Foo', 'bar');
request.setHeader('Set-Cookie', ['foo=bar', 'bar=baz']);

const headerNames = request.getRawHeaderNames();
// headerNames === ['Foo', 'Set-Cookie']
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request.hasHeader(name)#

• name <string>
• Returns: <boolean>

const hasContentType = request.hasHeader('content-type');
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request.maxHeadersCount#

• Type: <number> Default: 2000

request.removeHeader(name)#

• name <string>

request.removeHeader('Content-Type');
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request.reusedSocket#

• Type: <boolean> Whether the request is send through a reused socket.

When sending request through a keep-alive enabled agent, the underlying socket might be reused. But if server closes connection at unfortunate time, client may run into a 'ECONNRESET' error.

import http from 'node:http';
const agent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true });

// Server has a 5 seconds keep-alive timeout by default
http
  .createServer((req, res) => {
    res.write('hello\n');
    res.end();
  })
  .listen(3000);

setInterval(() => {
  // Adapting a keep-alive agent
  http.get('http://localhost:3000', { agent }, (res) => {
    res.on('data', (data) => {
      // Do nothing
    });
  });
}, 5000); // Sending request on 5s interval so it's easy to hit idle timeout
const http = require('node:http');
const agent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true });

// Server has a 5 seconds keep-alive timeout by default
http
  .createServer((req, res) => {
    res.write('hello\n');
    res.end();
  })
  .listen(3000);

setInterval(() => {
  // Adapting a keep-alive agent
  http.get('http://localhost:3000', { agent }, (res) => {
    res.on('data', (data) => {
      // Do nothing
    });
  });
}, 5000); // Sending request on 5s interval so it's easy to hit idle timeout
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import http from 'node:http';
const agent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true });

function retriableRequest() {
  const req = http
    .get('http://localhost:3000', { agent }, (res) => {
      // ...
    })
    .on('error', (err) => {
      // Check if retry is needed
      if (req.reusedSocket && err.code === 'ECONNRESET') {
        retriableRequest();
      }
    });
}

retriableRequest();
const http = require('node:http');
const agent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true });

function retriableRequest() {
  const req = http
    .get('http://localhost:3000', { agent }, (res) => {
      // ...
    })
    .on('error', (err) => {
      // Check if retry is needed
      if (req.reusedSocket && err.code === 'ECONNRESET') {
        retriableRequest();
      }
    });
}

retriableRequest();
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request.setHeader(name, value)#

• name <string>
• value <any>

Sets a single header value for headers object. If this header already exists in the to-be-sent headers, its value will be replaced. Use an array of strings here to send multiple headers with the same name. Non-string values will be stored without modification. Therefore, request.getHeader() may return non-string values. However, the non-string values will be converted to strings for network transmission.

request.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
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or

request.setHeader('Cookie', ['type=ninja', 'language=javascript']);
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When the value is a string an exception will be thrown if it contains characters outside the latin1 encoding.

const filename = 'Rock 🎵.txt';
request.setHeader('Content-Disposition', `attachment; filename*=utf-8''${encodeURIComponent(filename)}`);
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request.setNoDelay([noDelay])#

• noDelay <boolean>

request.setSocketKeepAlive([enable][, initialDelay])#

• enable <boolean>
• initialDelay <number>

request.setTimeout(timeout[, callback])#

Consistently set socket timeout only when the socket connects.

• timeout <number> Milliseconds before a request times out.
• callback <Function> Optional function to be called when a timeout occurs. Same as binding to the 'timeout' event.
• Returns: <http.ClientRequest>

request.socket#

• Type: <stream.Duplex>

Reference to the underlying socket. Usually users will not want to access this property. In particular, the socket will not emit 'readable' events because of how the protocol parser attaches to the socket.

import http from 'node:http';
const options = {
  host: 'www.google.com',
};
const req = http.get(options);
req.end();
req.once('response', (res) => {
  const ip = req.socket.localAddress;
  const port = req.socket.localPort;
  console.log(`Your IP address is ${ip} and your source port is ${port}.`);
  // Consume response object
});
const http = require('node:http');
const options = {
  host: 'www.google.com',
};
const req = http.get(options);
req.end();
req.once('response', (res) => {
  const ip = req.socket.localAddress;
  const port = req.socket.localPort;
  console.log(`Your IP address is ${ip} and your source port is ${port}.`);
  // Consume response object
});
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request.uncork()#

request.writableEnded#

• Type: <boolean>

request.writableFinished#

• Type: <boolean>

request.write(chunk[, encoding][, callback])#

The chunk parameter can now be a Uint8Array.

• chunk <string> | <Buffer> | <Uint8Array>
• encoding <string>
• callback <Function>
• Returns: <boolean>

Sends a chunk of the body. This method can be called multiple times. If no Content-Length is set, data will automatically be encoded in HTTP Chunked transfer encoding, so that server knows when the data ends. The Transfer-Encoding: chunked header is added. Calling request.end() is necessary to finish sending the request.

The encoding argument is optional and only applies when chunk is a string. Defaults to 'utf8'.

The callback argument is optional and will be called when this chunk of data is flushed, but only if the chunk is non-empty.

Returns true if the entire data was flushed successfully to the kernel buffer. Returns false if all or part of the data was queued in user memory. 'drain' will be emitted when the buffer is free again.

Event: 'checkContinue'#

• request <http.IncomingMessage>
• response <http.ServerResponse>

Emitted each time a request with an HTTP Expect: 100-continue is received. If this event is not listened for, the server will automatically respond with a 100 Continue as appropriate.

Handling this event involves calling response.writeContinue() if the client should continue to send the request body, or generating an appropriate HTTP response (e.g. 400 Bad Request) if the client should not continue to send the request body.

Event: 'checkExpectation'#

• request <http.IncomingMessage>
• response <http.ServerResponse>

Emitted each time a request with an HTTP Expect header is received, where the value is not 100-continue. If this event is not listened for, the server will automatically respond with a 417 Expectation Failed as appropriate.

Event: 'clientError'#

The default action of calling .destroy() on the socket will no longer take place if there are listeners attached for 'clientError'.

• exception <Error>
• socket <stream.Duplex>

If a client connection emits an 'error' event, it will be forwarded here. Listener of this event is responsible for closing/destroying the underlying socket. For example, one may wish to more gracefully close the socket with a custom HTTP response instead of abruptly severing the connection. The socket must be closed or destroyed before the listener ends.

This event is guaranteed to be passed an instance of the <net.Socket> class, a subclass of <stream.Duplex>, unless the user specifies a socket type other than <net.Socket>.

Default behavior is to try close the socket with an HTTP '400 Bad Request', or an HTTP '431 Request Header Fields Too Large' in the case of an HPE_HEADER_OVERFLOW error. If the socket is not writable or headers of the current attached http.ServerResponse has been sent, it is immediately destroyed.

socket is the net.Socket object that the error originated from.

import http from 'node:http';

const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.end();
});
server.on('clientError', (err, socket) => {
  socket.end('HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request\r\n\r\n');
});
server.listen(8000);
const http = require('node:http');

const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.end();
});
server.on('clientError', (err, socket) => {
  socket.end('HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request\r\n\r\n');
});
server.listen(8000);
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When the 'clientError' event occurs, there is no request or response object, so any HTTP response sent, including response headers and payload, must be written directly to the socket object. Care must be taken to ensure the response is a properly formatted HTTP response message.

err is an instance of Error with two extra columns:

• bytesParsed: the bytes count of request packet that Node.js may have parsed correctly;
• rawPacket: the raw packet of current request.

server.on('clientError', (err, socket) => {
  if (err.code === 'ECONNRESET' || !socket.writable) {
    return;
  }

  socket.end('HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request\r\n\r\n');
});
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Event: 'close'#

Event: 'connect'#

• request <http.IncomingMessage> Arguments for the HTTP request, as it is in the 'request' event
• socket <stream.Duplex> Network socket between the server and client
• head <Buffer> The first packet of the tunneling stream (may be empty)

Emitted each time a client requests an HTTP CONNECT method. If this event is not listened for, then clients requesting a CONNECT method will have their connections closed.

This event is guaranteed to be passed an instance of the <net.Socket> class, a subclass of <stream.Duplex>, unless the user specifies a socket type other than <net.Socket>.

Event: 'connection'#

• socket <stream.Duplex>

This event is emitted when a new TCP stream is established. socket is typically an object of type net.Socket. Usually users will not want to access this event. In particular, the socket will not emit 'readable' events because of how the protocol parser attaches to the socket. The socket can also be accessed at request.socket.

This event can also be explicitly emitted by users to inject connections into the HTTP server. In that case, any Duplex stream can be passed.

If socket.setTimeout() is called here, the timeout will be replaced with server.keepAliveTimeout when the socket has served a request (if server.keepAliveTimeout is non-zero).

Event: 'dropRequest'#

• request <http.IncomingMessage> Arguments for the HTTP request, as it is in the 'request' event
• socket <stream.Duplex> Network socket between the server and client

Event: 'request'#

• request <http.IncomingMessage>
• response <http.ServerResponse>

Event: 'upgrade'#

Not listening to this event no longer causes the socket to be destroyed if a client sends an Upgrade header.

• request <http.IncomingMessage> Arguments for the HTTP request, as it is in the 'request' event
• stream <stream.Duplex> The upgraded stream between the server and client
• head <Buffer> The first packet of the upgraded stream (may be empty)

Emitted each time a client's HTTP upgrade request is accepted. By default all HTTP upgrade requests are ignored (i.e. only regular 'request' events are emitted, sticking with the normal HTTP request/response flow) unless you listen to this event, in which case they are all accepted (i.e. the 'upgrade' event is emitted instead, and future communication must handled directly through the raw stream). You can control this more precisely by using the server shouldUpgradeCallback option.

Listening to this event is optional and clients cannot insist on a protocol change.

If an upgrade is accepted by shouldUpgradeCallback but no event handler is registered then the socket will be destroyed, resulting in an immediate connection closure for the client.

In the uncommon case that the incoming request has a body, this body will be parsed as normal, separate to the upgrade stream, and the raw stream data will only begin after it has completed. To ensure that reading from the stream isn't blocked by waiting for the request body to be read, any reads on the stream will start the request body flowing automatically. If you want to read the request body, ensure that you do so (i.e. you attach 'data' listeners) before starting to read from the upgraded stream.

server.close([callback])#

The method closes idle connections before returning.

• callback <Function>

const http = require('node:http');

const server = http.createServer({ keepAliveTimeout: 60000 }, (req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' });
  res.end(JSON.stringify({
    data: 'Hello World!',
  }));
});

server.listen(8000);
// Close the server after 10 seconds
setTimeout(() => {
  server.close(() => {
    console.log('server on port 8000 closed successfully');
  });
}, 10000);
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server.closeAllConnections()#

This is a forceful way of closing all connections and should be used with caution. Whenever using this in conjunction with server.close, calling this after server.close is recommended as to avoid race conditions where new connections are created between a call to this and a call to server.close.

const http = require('node:http');

const server = http.createServer({ keepAliveTimeout: 60000 }, (req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' });
  res.end(JSON.stringify({
    data: 'Hello World!',
  }));
});

server.listen(8000);
// Close the server after 10 seconds
setTimeout(() => {
  server.close(() => {
    console.log('server on port 8000 closed successfully');
  });
  // Closes all connections, ensuring the server closes successfully
  server.closeAllConnections();
}, 10000);
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server.closeIdleConnections()#

Starting with Node.js 19.0.0, there's no need for calling this method in conjunction with server.close to reap keep-alive connections. Using it won't cause any harm though, and it can be useful to ensure backwards compatibility for libraries and applications that need to support versions older than 19.0.0. Whenever using this in conjunction with server.close, calling this after server.close is recommended as to avoid race conditions where new connections are created between a call to this and a call to server.close.

const http = require('node:http');

const server = http.createServer({ keepAliveTimeout: 60000 }, (req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' });
  res.end(JSON.stringify({
    data: 'Hello World!',
  }));
});

server.listen(8000);
// Close the server after 10 seconds
setTimeout(() => {
  server.close(() => {
    console.log('server on port 8000 closed successfully');
  });
  // Closes idle connections, such as keep-alive connections. Server will close
  // once remaining active connections are terminated
  server.closeIdleConnections();
}, 10000);
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server.headersTimeout#

The default is now set to the minimum between 60000 (60 seconds) or requestTimeout.

• Type: <number> Default: The minimum between server.requestTimeout or 60000.

Limit the amount of time the parser will wait to receive the complete HTTP headers.

If the timeout expires, the server responds with status 408 without forwarding the request to the request listener and then closes the connection.

server.listen()#

server.maxHeadersCount#

• Type: <number> Default: 2000

server.requestTimeout#

The default request timeout changed from no timeout to 300s (5 minutes).

• Type: <number> Default: 300000

Sets the timeout value in milliseconds for receiving the entire request from the client.

If the timeout expires, the server responds with status 408 without forwarding the request to the request listener and then closes the connection.

server.setTimeout([msecs][, callback])#

The default timeout changed from 120s to 0 (no timeout).

• msecs <number> Default: 0 (no timeout)
• callback <Function>
• Returns: <http.Server>

Sets the timeout value for sockets, and emits a 'timeout' event on the Server object, passing the socket as an argument, if a timeout occurs.

If there is a 'timeout' event listener on the Server object, then it will be called with the timed-out socket as an argument.

server.maxRequestsPerSocket#

• Type: <number> Requests per socket. Default: 0 (no limit)

The maximum number of requests socket can handle before closing keep alive connection.

A value of 0 will disable the limit.

server.timeout#

The default timeout changed from 120s to 0 (no timeout).

• Type: <number> Timeout in milliseconds. Default: 0 (no timeout)

The number of milliseconds of inactivity before a socket is presumed to have timed out.

A value of 0 will disable the timeout behavior on incoming connections.

server.keepAliveTimeout#

• Type: <number> Timeout in milliseconds. Default: 5000 (5 seconds).

The number of milliseconds of inactivity a server needs to wait for additional incoming data, after it has finished writing the last response, before a socket will be destroyed.

This timeout value is combined with the server.keepAliveTimeoutBuffer option to determine the actual socket timeout, calculated as: socketTimeout = keepAliveTimeout + keepAliveTimeoutBuffer If the server receives new data before the keep-alive timeout has fired, it will reset the regular inactivity timeout, i.e., server.timeout.

A value of 0 will disable the keep-alive timeout behavior on incoming connections. A value of 0 makes the HTTP server behave similarly to Node.js versions prior to 8.0.0, which did not have a keep-alive timeout.

server.keepAliveTimeoutBuffer#

• Type: <number> Timeout in milliseconds. Default: 1000 (1 second).

An additional buffer time added to the server.keepAliveTimeout to extend the internal socket timeout.

This buffer helps reduce connection reset (ECONNRESET) errors by increasing the socket timeout slightly beyond the advertised keep-alive timeout.

server[Symbol.asyncDispose]()#

No longer experimental.

Class: http.ServerResponse#

• Extends: <http.OutgoingMessage>

Event: 'close'#

Event: 'finish'#

response.addTrailers(headers)#

• headers <Object>

This method adds HTTP trailing headers (a header but at the end of the message) to the response.

Trailers will only be emitted if chunked encoding is used for the response; if it is not (e.g. if the request was HTTP/1.0), they will be silently discarded.

HTTP requires the Trailer header to be sent in order to emit trailers, with a list of the header fields in its value. E.g.,

response.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain',
                          'Trailer': 'Content-MD5' });
response.write(fileData);
response.addTrailers({ 'Content-MD5': '7895bf4b8828b55ceaf47747b4bca667' });
response.end();
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response.connection#

• Type: <stream.Duplex>

response.cork()#

response.end([data[, encoding]][, callback])#

This method now returns a reference to ServerResponse.

• data <string> | <Buffer> | <Uint8Array>
• encoding <string>
• callback <Function>
• Returns: <this>

This method signals to the server that all of the response headers and body have been sent; that server should consider this message complete. The method, response.end(), MUST be called on each response.

If data is specified, it is similar in effect to calling response.write(data, encoding) followed by response.end(callback).

response.finished#

• Type: <boolean>

response.flushHeaders()#

response.getHeader(name)#

• name <string>
• Returns: <number> | <string> | <string[]> | <undefined>

response.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html');
response.setHeader('Content-Length', Buffer.byteLength(body));
response.setHeader('Set-Cookie', ['type=ninja', 'language=javascript']);
const contentType = response.getHeader('content-type');
// contentType is 'text/html'
const contentLength = response.getHeader('Content-Length');
// contentLength is of type number
const setCookie = response.getHeader('set-cookie');
// setCookie is of type string[]
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response.getHeaderNames()#

• Returns: <string[]>

response.setHeader('Foo', 'bar');
response.setHeader('Set-Cookie', ['foo=bar', 'bar=baz']);

const headerNames = response.getHeaderNames();
// headerNames === ['foo', 'set-cookie']
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response.getHeaders()#

• Returns: <Object>

Returns a shallow copy of the current outgoing headers. Since a shallow copy is used, array values may be mutated without additional calls to various header-related http module methods. The keys of the returned object are the header names and the values are the respective header values. All header names are lowercase.

response.setHeader('Foo', 'bar');
response.setHeader('Set-Cookie', ['foo=bar', 'bar=baz']);

const headers = response.getHeaders();
// headers === { foo: 'bar', 'set-cookie': ['foo=bar', 'bar=baz'] }
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response.hasHeader(name)#

• name <string>
• Returns: <boolean>

const hasContentType = response.hasHeader('content-type');
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response.headersSent#

• Type: <boolean>

response.removeHeader(name)#

• name <string>

response.removeHeader('Content-Encoding');
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response.req#

• Type: <http.IncomingMessage>

response.sendDate#

• Type: <boolean>

When true, the Date header will be automatically generated and sent in the response if it is not already present in the headers. Defaults to true.

response.setHeader(name, value)#

• name <string>
• value <number> | <string> | <string[]>
• Returns: <http.ServerResponse>

Returns the response object.

Sets a single header value for implicit headers. If this header already exists in the to-be-sent headers, its value will be replaced. Use an array of strings here to send multiple headers with the same name. Non-string values will be stored without modification. Therefore, response.getHeader() may return non-string values. However, the non-string values will be converted to strings for network transmission. The same response object is returned to the caller, to enable call chaining.

response.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html');
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or

response.setHeader('Set-Cookie', ['type=ninja', 'language=javascript']);
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Attempting to set a header field name or value that contains invalid characters will result in a TypeError being thrown.

When headers have been set with response.setHeader(), they will be merged with any headers passed to response.writeHead(), with the headers passed to response.writeHead() given precedence.

// Returns content-type = text/plain
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html');
  res.setHeader('X-Foo', 'bar');
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' });
  res.end('ok');
});
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response.setTimeout(msecs[, callback])#

• msecs <number>
• callback <Function>
• Returns: <http.ServerResponse>

Sets the Socket's timeout value to msecs. If a callback is provided, then it is added as a listener on the 'timeout' event on the response object.

response.socket#

• Type: <stream.Duplex>

Reference to the underlying socket. Usually users will not want to access this property. In particular, the socket will not emit 'readable' events because of how the protocol parser attaches to the socket. After response.end(), the property is nulled.

import http from 'node:http';
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  const ip = res.socket.remoteAddress;
  const port = res.socket.remotePort;
  res.end(`Your IP address is ${ip} and your source port is ${port}.`);
}).listen(3000);
const http = require('node:http');
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  const ip = res.socket.remoteAddress;
  const port = res.socket.remotePort;
  res.end(`Your IP address is ${ip} and your source port is ${port}.`);
}).listen(3000);
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response.statusCode#

• Type: <number> Default: 200

When using implicit headers (not calling response.writeHead() explicitly), this property controls the status code that will be sent to the client when the headers get flushed.

response.statusCode = 404;
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response.statusMessage#

• Type: <string>

When using implicit headers (not calling response.writeHead() explicitly), this property controls the status message that will be sent to the client when the headers get flushed. If this is left as undefined then the standard message for the status code will be used.

response.statusMessage = 'Not found';
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response.strictContentLength#

• Type: <boolean> Default: false

response.uncork()#

response.writableEnded#

• Type: <boolean>

response.writableFinished#

• Type: <boolean>

response.write(chunk[, encoding][, callback])#

The chunk parameter can now be a Uint8Array.

• chunk <string> | <Buffer> | <Uint8Array>
• encoding <string> Default: 'utf8'
• callback <Function>
• Returns: <boolean>

If this method is called and response.writeHead() has not been called, it will switch to implicit header mode and flush the implicit headers.

This sends a chunk of the response body. This method may be called multiple times to provide successive parts of the body.

If rejectNonStandardBodyWrites is set to true in createServer then writing to the body is not allowed when the request method or response status do not support content. If an attempt is made to write to the body for a HEAD request or as part of a 204 or 304response, a synchronous Error with the code ERR_HTTP_BODY_NOT_ALLOWED is thrown.

chunk can be a string or a buffer. If chunk is a string, the second parameter specifies how to encode it into a byte stream. callback will be called when this chunk of data is flushed.

This is the raw HTTP body and has nothing to do with higher-level multi-part body encodings that may be used.

The first time response.write() is called, it will send the buffered header information and the first chunk of the body to the client. The second time response.write() is called, Node.js assumes data will be streamed, and sends the new data separately. That is, the response is buffered up to the first chunk of the body.

response.writeContinue()#

response.writeEarlyHints(hints[, callback])#

Allow passing hints as an object.

• hints <Object>
• callback <Function>

Sends an HTTP/1.1 103 Early Hints message to the client with a Link header, indicating that the user agent can preload/preconnect the linked resources. The hints is an object containing the values of headers to be sent with early hints message. The optional callback argument will be called when the response message has been written.

const earlyHintsLink = '</styles.css>; rel=preload; as=style';
response.writeEarlyHints({
  'link': earlyHintsLink,
});

const earlyHintsLinks = [
  '</styles.css>; rel=preload; as=style',
  '</scripts.js>; rel=preload; as=script',
];
response.writeEarlyHints({
  'link': earlyHintsLinks,
  'x-trace-id': 'id for diagnostics',
});

const earlyHintsCallback = () => console.log('early hints message sent');
response.writeEarlyHints({
  'link': earlyHintsLinks,
}, earlyHintsCallback);
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response.writeHead(statusCode[, statusMessage][, headers])#

A RangeError is thrown if statusCode is not a number in the range [100, 999].

• statusCode <number>
• statusMessage <string>
• headers <Object> | <Array>
• Returns: <http.ServerResponse>

Sends a response header to the request. The status code is a 3-digit HTTP status code, like 404. The last argument, headers, are the response headers. Optionally one can give a human-readable statusMessage as the second argument.

headers may be an Array where the keys and values are in the same list. It is not a list of tuples. So, the even-numbered offsets are key values, and the odd-numbered offsets are the associated values. The array is in the same format as request.rawHeaders.

Returns a reference to the ServerResponse, so that calls can be chained.

const body = 'hello world';
response
  .writeHead(200, {
    'Content-Length': Buffer.byteLength(body),
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain',
  })
  .end(body);
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This method must only be called once on a message and it must be called before response.end() is called.

If response.write() or response.end() are called before calling this, the implicit/mutable headers will be calculated and call this function.

When headers have been set with response.setHeader(), they will be merged with any headers passed to response.writeHead(), with the headers passed to response.writeHead() given precedence.

If this method is called and response.setHeader() has not been called, it will directly write the supplied header values onto the network channel without caching internally, and the response.getHeader() on the header will not yield the expected result. If progressive population of headers is desired with potential future retrieval and modification, use response.setHeader() instead.

// Returns content-type = text/plain
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html');
  res.setHeader('X-Foo', 'bar');
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' });
  res.end('ok');
});
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Content-Length is read in bytes, not characters. Use Buffer.byteLength() to determine the length of the body in bytes. Node.js will check whether Content-Length and the length of the body which has been transmitted are equal or not.

response.writeInformation(statusCode[, headers][, callback])#

• statusCode <number> An HTTP 1xx informational status code, between 100 and 199 inclusive, excluding 101 (Switching Protocols) which is only available through the 'upgrade' event.
• headers <Object> | <Array> An optional set of headers to send with the informational response. Accepts the same shapes as response.writeHead().
• callback <Function> Optional, called once the message has been written to the socket.

Sends an arbitrary HTTP/1.1 1xx informational response to the client. This is a generic equivalent of response.writeContinue(), response.writeProcessing() and response.writeEarlyHints(), and can be called multiple times before the final response. After the final response headers have been sent (via response.writeHead() or an implicit header), calling this method throws ERR_HTTP_HEADERS_SENT.

response.writeInformation(110, { 'X-Progress': '50%' });
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response.writeProcessing()#

Class: http.IncomingMessage#

The readableHighWaterMark value mirrors that of the socket.

• Extends: <stream.Readable>

An IncomingMessage object is created by http.Server or http.ClientRequest and passed as the first argument to the 'request' and 'response' event respectively. It may be used to access response status, headers, and data.

Event: 'aborted'#

Event: 'close'#

The close event is now emitted when the request has been completed and not when the underlying socket is closed.

message.aborted#

• Type: <boolean>

message.complete#

• Type: <boolean>

The message.complete property will be true if a complete HTTP message has been received and successfully parsed.

const req = http.request({
  host: '127.0.0.1',
  port: 8080,
  method: 'POST',
}, (res) => {
  res.resume();
  res.on('end', () => {
    if (!res.complete)
      console.error(
        'The connection was terminated while the message was still being sent');
  });
});
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message.connection#

message.destroy([error])#

The function returns this for consistency with other Readable streams.

• error <Error>
• Returns: <this>

message.headers#

message.headers is now lazily computed using an accessor property on the prototype and is no longer enumerable.

• Type: <Object>

The request/response headers object.

Key-value pairs of header names and values. Header names are lower-cased.

// Prints something like:
//
// { 'user-agent': 'curl/7.22.0',
//   host: '127.0.0.1:8000',
//   accept: '*/*' }
console.log(request.headers);
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• Duplicates of age, authorization, content-length, content-type, etag, expires, from, host, if-modified-since, if-unmodified-since, last-modified, location, max-forwards, proxy-authorization, referer, retry-after, server, or user-agent are discarded. To allow duplicate values of the headers listed above to be joined, use the option joinDuplicateHeaders in http.request() and http.createServer(). See RFC 9110 Section 5.3 for more information.
• set-cookie is always an array. Duplicates are added to the array.
• For duplicate cookie headers, the values are joined together with ; .
• For all other headers, the values are joined together with , .

message.headersDistinct#

• Type: <Object>

// Prints something like:
//
// { 'user-agent': ['curl/7.22.0'],
//   host: ['127.0.0.1:8000'],
//   accept: ['*/*'] }
console.log(request.headersDistinct);
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message.httpVersion#

• Type: <string>

In case of server request, the HTTP version sent by the client. In the case of client response, the HTTP version of the connected-to server. Probably either '1.1' or '1.0'.

message.method#

• Type: <string>

Only valid for request obtained from http.Server.

message.rawHeaders#

• Type: <string[]>

The raw request/response headers list exactly as they were received.

The keys and values are in the same list. It is not a list of tuples. So, the even-numbered offsets are key values, and the odd-numbered offsets are the associated values.

// Prints something like:
//
// [ 'user-agent',
//   'this is invalid because there can be only one',
//   'User-Agent',
//   'curl/7.22.0',
//   'Host',
//   '127.0.0.1:8000',
//   'ACCEPT',
//   '*/*' ]
console.log(request.rawHeaders);
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message.rawTrailers#

• Type: <string[]>

message.setTimeout(msecs[, callback])#

• msecs <number>
• callback <Function>
• Returns: <http.IncomingMessage>

message.signal#

• Type: <AbortSignal>

An <AbortSignal> that is aborted when the underlying socket closes or the request is destroyed. The signal is created lazily on first access — no <AbortController> is allocated for requests that never use this property.

import http from 'node:http';

http.createServer(async (req, res) => {
  try {
    const data = await fetch('https://example.com/api', { signal: req.signal });
    res.end(JSON.stringify(await data.json()));
  } catch (err) {
    if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
    res.statusCode = 500;
    res.end('Internal Server Error');
  }
}).listen(3000);
const http = require('node:http');

http.createServer(async (req, res) => {
  try {
    const data = await fetch('https://example.com/api', { signal: req.signal });
    res.end(JSON.stringify(await data.json()));
  } catch (err) {
    if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
    res.statusCode = 500;
    res.end('Internal Server Error');
  }
}).listen(3000);
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message.socket#

• Type: <stream.Duplex>

The net.Socket object associated with the connection.

With HTTPS support, use request.socket.getPeerCertificate() to obtain the client's authentication details.

message.statusCode#

• Type: <number>

Only valid for response obtained from http.ClientRequest.

message.statusMessage#

• Type: <string>

Only valid for response obtained from http.ClientRequest.

message.trailers#

• Type: <Object>

message.trailersDistinct#

• Type: <Object>

message.url#

• Type: <string>

Only valid for request obtained from http.Server.

Request URL string. This contains only the URL that is present in the actual HTTP request. Take the following request:

GET /status?name=ryan HTTP/1.1
Accept: text/plain
httpcopy

To parse the URL into its parts:

new URL(`http://${process.env.HOST ?? 'localhost'}${request.url}`);
jscopy

When request.url is '/status?name=ryan' and process.env.HOST is undefined:

$ node
> new URL(`http://${process.env.HOST ?? 'localhost'}${request.url}`);
URL {
  href: 'http://localhost/status?name=ryan',
  origin: 'http://localhost',
  protocol: 'http:',
  username: '',
  password: '',
  host: 'localhost',
  hostname: 'localhost',
  port: '',
  pathname: '/status',
  search: '?name=ryan',
  searchParams: URLSearchParams { 'name' => 'ryan' },
  hash: ''
}
consolecopy

Class: http.OutgoingMessage#

• Extends: <Stream>

Event: 'drain'#

Event: 'finish'#

Event: 'prefinish'#

outgoingMessage.addTrailers(headers)#