Fire Safety

BASIC FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

Jat Nurdin Sales Project Notifier
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

Fire Alarm
System?

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FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

• Merupakan sebuah Sistem Penanda Bahaya terhadap kebakaran yang bekerja

untuk mendeteksi keberadaan api yang tidak diinginkan dengan memonitor
perubahan lingkungan yang terkait dengan pembakaran.

• Fire Alarm System dimaksudkan untuk mendeteksi secara dini terhadap

kebakaran dan memberitahukan kepada orang disekitar tempat kejadian untuk
dapat melakukan evakuasi atau melakukan tindakan darurat untuk mengkontrol
penyebaran api dan asap.

• Secara umum, Fire Alarm System dapat diaktifkan secara otomatis (melalui
Detector) atau secara manual (melalui Manual Call Point).

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PRINSIP DASAR FIRE ALARM SYSTEM (FAS)

Process

Output
Input

3 Hal utama dalam membangun FAS:

 Input
 Detector
 Manual Call Point
 Process
 Panel Fire Alarm (FACP)
 Output
 Alarm Bell / Horn
 Indicator / Strobe Lamp

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PRINSIP DASAR FIRE ALARM SYSTEM (FAS)

Berdasarkan prinsip kerja, FAS dibagi menjadi:

 Conventional
Setiap perangkat (input device) yang terhubung ke Control Panel, akan
dikelompokkan berdasarkan zona/group

 Addressable
Setiap perangkat yang terhubung langsung ke Control Panel (baik input/ output
device) mempunyai identifikasi sendiri (alamat/address sendiri)

 Semi-Addressable
Suatu system yang dibangun menggunakan Control Panel Addressable dan
Input/Output device conventional. Diperlukan module-module tambahan untuk dapat
menghubungkan perangkat input/output yang ada ke Control Panel (baik input/output
module)

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FIRE ALARM SYSTEM (INPUT DEVICE)

Automatic Input (Detector)

• Berdasarkan sifat awal yang menyebabkan terjadinya kebakaran, Detector
dibagi menjadi beberapa jenis antara lain:
- Smoke Detector : digunakan apabila terjadi kebakaran,
dahului
dengan asap
- Heat Detector : digunakan apabila terjadi kebakaran,
dahului
dengan panas
- Flame Detector : digunakan apabila terjadi kebakaran,
dahului
dengan letupan api

• Selain Detector diatas, masih ada gas detector yang lebih bersifat pencegahan
terhadap suatu kejadian, seperti:
- Toxic Gas Detector : digunakan untuk mendeteksi gas-gas yang
beracun terhadap
manusia
- Flame. Gas Detector : digunakan untuk mendeteksi gas-gas yang mudah
terbakar apabila
terkena
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FIRE ALARM SYSTEM (INPUT DEVICE)

Manual Input (Manual Call Point)

• Manual Input dibagi menjadi beberapa jenis menurut cara pengaktifannya,

antara lain:

- Break Glass : memecahkan kaca

- Push Station : menekan tombol aktifasi
- Pull Station : menarik ke bawah tombol aktifasi

Emergency Manual Push Manual Pull

Break Glass Station Station

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SMOKE DETECTORS

• Photoelectric
- Mendeteksi partikel asap ukuran besar, pada
umumnya dihasilkan seperti bara.
Normal Condition
- Prinsip kerjanya, asap yang masuk kedalam detector
akan memantulkan Sinar LED yang terpancar ke
sensor penerima sehingga menimbulkan alarm.

Alarm Condition
• Ionization
- Mendeteksi partikel asap ukuran kecil, pada umumnya
asap yang dihasilkan tidak terlalu terlihat jelas.
- Prinsip kerjanya, partikel asap yang masuk ke dalam
ruang sensor menyebabkan turunnya arus ionisasi
sampai batas minimum sehingga terjadi alarm. Normal Condition

Alarm Condition

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HEAT DETECTORS

• Rate Of Rise Temperature

- Mendeteksi kenaikan temperature ruangan secara berkala
pada suhu dan kurun waktu tertentu.
- Prinsip kerjanya, detector akan memberikan signal alarm
apabila mendeteksi kenaikan suhu tertentu pada kurun
waktu tertentu didalam ruang detector. Misalkan jika sensor
mendeteksi kenaikan suhu sebesar 8°C/Menit maka
detector ini akan memberikan signal alarm.

• Fixed Temperature
- Mendeteksi kenaikan temperature sampai mencapai suhu
yang sudah dipilih misalnya 57°C atau 90°C
- Prinsip kerjanya, detector akan memberikan signal alarm
apabila suhu pada ruang detector sudah mencapai
tempereatur kerja yang dipilih.

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GAS & FLAME DETECTORS

• Gas Detectors
- Mendeteksi kandungan gas. Gas yang dideteksi dapat
berupa gas yang mudah terbakar, maupun gas beracun
sesuai dengan jenis gas detector yang dipasang.
- Prinsip kerjanya, detector secara continue memberikan
informasi kadar gas kepada panel. Kemudian panel akan
memproses data tersebut dan memberikan alarm sesuai
dengan limit yang diprogram.

• Flame Detectors
- Mendeteksi radiasi sinar Infra-Red (IR) dan/atau Ultraviolet
(UV) yang ditimbulkan oleh lidah api
- Prinsip kerjanya, detector akan memberikan signal alarm
apabila sensor yang berada didalam detector menangkap
radiasi sinar IR dan/atau sinar UV pada area yang
diarahkan

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FIRE ALARM SYSTEM (PROCESS DEVICE)

Panel Fire Alarm (FACP)

• Merupakan alat pusat pengendali pada Fire Alarm System.

• Control Panel menerima informasi dari Detector dan/atau Manual Call Point
untuk diproses sesuai program yang disetting dan selanjutnya mengaktifkan
alarm bell atau melakukan kontrol terhadap alat-alat lain yang diintegrasikan
kepada panel tersebut.

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FIRE ALARM SYSTEM (OUTPUT DEVICE)

• Merupakan alat penanda bahaya terjadinya kebakaran.

• Output Device Standard Fire Alarm System antara lain:

- Audio : Memberikan tanda bahaya dengan Suara

- Visual : Memberikan tanda bahaya dengan Cahaya

- Audio Visual : Memberikan tanda bahaya dengan Suara&Cahaya

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MODULES

• Input Module
- Merupakan sebuah perangkat yang digunakan sebagai
media penghubung komunikasi antara Panel
Addressable dengan Conventional Input device, seperti
Detector Conventional, Manual Call Point Conventional,
Water Flow Detector, Free Input Contact, dll.

• Output Module
- Merupakan sebuah perangkat yang digunakan sebagai
media penghubung komunikasi antara Panel
Addressable dengan Conventional Output device,
seperti Alarm Bell Conventional, Horn and Strobe
Conventional, Indicator Lamp, Relay Switch, dll.

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HOW TO BUILD A CONVENTIONAL FAS

• Panel tipe konvensional

• Detector dan Manual Call Point tipe konvensional

• Audio/Visual Appliances (alarm Bell, Siren, Indicator Lamp) tipe konvensional

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WIRING INSTALLATION (CONVENTIONAL)

Zone 1

Zone …
220VAC

Alarm

• Instalasi kabel Input menggunakan kabel power 2 x NYA 1.5mm

• Instalasi kabel Output menggunakan kabel power 2 x NYA 1.5mm
• Instalasi kabel PSU menggunakan kabel power NYM 3 x 2.5mm
• Standard Instalasi kabel harus diproteksi minimal dengan menggunakan High Impact
Conduit

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HOW TO BUILD AN ADDRESSABLE FAS

- Panel tipe addressable

- Detector tipe addreessable

- Manual Call Point addressable

- Audio/Visual appliances (Alarm Bell,

Siren, Indicator Lamp) tipe
konvensional

- Interface Module :control module,

relay module.

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WIRING INSTALLATION (ADDRESSABLE)

Loop 1
Loop…

220VAC

Alarm

• Instalasi kabel Loop menggunakan kabel data 1 Pair AWG 18 atau AWG 16
• Instalasi kabel Output menggunakan kabel power NYA 2 x 1.5mm
• Instalasi kabel PSU menggunakan kabel power NYM 3 x 2.5mm
• Standard Instalasi kabel harus diproteksi minimal dengan menggunakan High Impact
Conduit

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HOW TO BUILD A SEMI ADDRESSABLE FAS

- Panel tipe addressable

- Detector dan Manual Call Point tipe
konvensional
- Audio/Visual Appliances (Alarm Bell,
Siren, Indicator Lamp) tipe
konvensional
- Interface Module : mini monitor
module, interface / zone module,
control module, relay module, isolator
module.

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WIRING INSTALLATION (SEMI ADDRESSABLE)

Input Zone Mod.

Zone

Loop 1
220VAC Loop…

Alarm

Output Ctrl Mod.

• Instalasi kabel Loop menggunakan kabel data

• Instalasi kabel detector/manual call point menggunakan kabel power
• Instalasi kabel Output menggunakan kabel power NYA 2 x 1.5mm
• Instalasi kabel PSU menggunakan kabel power NYM 3 x 2.5mm
• Standard Instalasi kabel harus diproteksi minimal dengan menggunakan High Impact
Conduit

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 20

THE BASIC EQUIPMENT

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DETECTORS

• Conventional Smoke Detector

- Model : SD-651 / 2151
Brand : Notifier / System Sensor
Type : Photo Electric

• Addressable Smoke Detector

- Model : FSP-851
Brand : Notifier
Type : Photo Electric

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DETECTORS

• Conventional Heat Detector

- Model : 5601P
Brand : Notifier / System Sensor
Type : ROR Heat Detector

- Model : 5603
Brand : Notifier / System Sensor
Type : Fix Heat Detector

• Addressable Heat Detector

- Model : FST-851R
Brand : Notifier
Type : ROR Heat Detector

- Model : FST-851
Brand : Notifier
Type : Fix Heat Detector

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MANUAL CALL POINT

• Conventional Manual Call Point

- Model : M400K
Brand : System Sensor
Type : Break Glass

- Model : NBG-12L
Brand : Notifier
Type : Pull Station

• Addressable Manual Call Point

- Model : M500K
Brand : System Sensor
Type : Break Glass

- Model : NBG-12LX
Brand : Notifier
Type : Pull Station

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PANEL FIRE ALARM

• Panel Conventional Notifier :

- RP-2001E (untuk Deluge System)
- RP-2002E (untuk Suppression System)
- SFP-2402E
- SFP-2404E
- SFP-5UDE
- SFP-10UDE

• Panel Addressable Notifier :

- NFS-320E
- NFS2-640E
- NFS2-3030E

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 PANEL RP-2001 & RP-2002
RP-2001 :
• Deluge System
- Designed for sprinkler standards NFPA 13, 15 and 16
• Replaces RP-1001(E)
• Adjustable water flow discharge timer and two soak timers
• Cross-zone (double-interlock) capability

RP-2002 :
 Clean Agent System
 Designed for clean agent releasing standards NFPA
12, 12A, and 2001
 Replaces RP-1002(E)
 Adjustable pre-discharge, discharge and water flow delay
timers
 Cross-zone (double-interlock) capability
 Programmable Abort operation

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 PANEL SFP-2402 & SFP-2404

 Panel SFP-2402 terdiri dari:

- 2 Zone Input
- 2 Notification Appliance Circuits (NAC)
- Cabinet & Power Supply

 Panel SFP-2404 terdiri dari:

 4 Zone Input
 2 Notification Appliance Circuits (NAC)
 Cabinet & Power Supply

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 PANEL SFP-5UDE

 Panel SFP-5UDE terdiri dari:

 5 Zone Input
 4 Notification Appliance Circuits (NAC)
 Cabinet & Power Supply

 Panel SFP-10UDE terdiri dari:

 10 Zone Input
 4 Notification Appliance Circuits (NAC)
 Cabinet & Power Supply

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PANEL NFS-320

Kapasitas panel :
 1 SLC expandable, 1 SLC = 159 address
detectors & 159 address modules (total
318 address)
 4 Programmable Notification Appliance
Circuit (NAC)
 LCD Display 80-character.
 Releasing feature : 10 Independent hazards
with cross-zone, delay timer and abort
option

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 PANEL NFS2-640
Kapasitas panel :
 1 SLC expandable to 2, 1 SLC = 159
address detectors & 159 address modules
(total 636 address)
 4 Programmable Notification Appliance
Circuit (NAC)
 LCD Display 80-character (standard), 640-
character or no display.
 Releasing feature : 10 Independent hazards
with cross-zone, delay timer and abort
option
 Voice and telephone system option (DVC
System)

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 PANEL NFS2-3030
Kapasitas panel :
 1 to 10 SLC, 1 SLC = 159 address detectors
& 159 address modules (total 3180
address)
 LCD Display 640-character or no display.
 Releasing feature : 10 Independent hazards
with cross-zone, delay timer & abort option
 Voice and telephone system option (DVC
System)

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 ADDRESSABLE MODULES

 Mini Monitor Module, FMM-101

 Interface / Zone Module, FZM –1

 4-20mA Interface Module, FMM-4-20

 Control Module, FCM-1

 Relay Module, FRM-1

 Isolator Module, ISO-X

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OUTPUT DEVICE

• Conventional Audio Output Device

- Model : SSM24-6
Brand : System Sensor
Type : Alarm Bell

- Model : HR
Brand : System Sensor
Type : Horn Coded

• Conventional Audio Output Device

- Model : SR
Brand : System Sensor
Type : Strobe Light

• Conventional Audio/Visual Output Device

- Model : P2R
Brand : System Sensor
Type : Horn & Strobe Light

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 33

THANK YOU

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