BAHASA INGGRIS

KELAS XII
PROGRAM IPS IBB

HOW IT WORKS?
WHAT ARE WE TALKING TODAY???
• Pada pertemuan kali ini kita akan membicarakan tentang EXPLANATION
TEXT

WHAT IS EXPLANATION TEXT????

.
Menurut Macmillan Dictionary, explanation is a description of how something works or of how to do
something. Teks penjelasan adalah deskripsi tentang bagaimana sesuatu bekerja atau bagaimana
melakukan sesuatu. Sedangkan menurut [Link], explanation is a statement about how or why
something is the way it is. Penjelasan adalah pernyataan tentang bagaimana atau mengapa sesuatu
seperti itu. Jika disimpulkan, explanation text adalah jenis teks bahasa Inggris yang berisi tentang
bagaimana atau mengapa sesuatu terjadi. Umumnya teks jenis ini menjelaskan tentang proses
terjadinya sesuatu. Hal-hal yang dipaparkan dalam teks penjelasan berupa fenomena alam maupun
sosial.

Explanation Text adalah  teks yang tujuannya untuk menjelaskan bagaimana dan

mengapa sesuatu bisa terjadi. Jarang ada yang sadar kalau explanation text sebenarnya
ada di buku pengetahuan sekolah. Misal, di buku mata pelajaran biologi ada teks yang
menjelaskan bagaimana metamorfosis kupu-kupu
 THE SOCIAL FUNCTION OF
EXPLANATION TEXT
This text is mainly used to explain the processes
involved in the formation or working of natural or
socio cultural phenomena
The generic structure of an Explanation Text
Struktur umum dari explanation text adalah sebagai berikut:

• General statement to Position the Reader (pernyataan umum)

Bagian ini menyebutkan fenomena apa yang akan dijelaskan.

• Sequenced explanation of WHY and HOW something occurs(penjelasan yang berurutan)

Bagian ini menyebutkan rangkaian proses dari suatu kejadian.

• Closing ( Berisi penutup teks)

Bagian ini OPTIONAL
 Language Feature of Explanation Text
(Ragam Bahasa apa saja yang dipakai dalam
Explanation text)
• Focus on generic, non-human participants
• Use mainly:
A. General and abstract nouns
B. Action verbs
C. Simple present tense
D. Passive voice
E. Conjunction of time and cause
F. Noun phrase
G. Adverbial phrase
H. Technical language
CONTOH TEKS EXPLANATION
BESERTA PENJELASAN PER
PARAGRAF NYA
 HOW DESERTS REMAIN DRY (TITLE)
 
These are three possible reasons why deserts remain dry. These are high
mountain barrier, cold ocean currents and high pressure systems. (GENERAL
STATEMENT)
 Mountain Barriers
When warm air passes over the ocean it picks up moisture in the form of water
vapor. As this moist air travels over mountain ranges. When begins to rise, the air
cools and this causes the water vapor to condense into droplets which fall as rain.
When the air reaches the other side of the mountain barrier, it has lost all its
moisture and so the other side of the mountain remains dry. (SEQUENCE OF
LOGICAL REASONS)
Cold Ocean Currents
Air passing over cold ocean currents is cooled and therefore is unable to pick up
and hold much moisture. When this cold air mass reaches the warm desert, any
moisture in the air is evaporated and so does not fall as rain and so the desert
remains dry. (SEQUENCE OF LOGICAL REASONS)
 
 How Does Rain Happen

We all know that rain is primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world,
providing suitable condition for diverse ecosystems. Rain is water that descends from the sky
through several processes until the rain occurs. Do you know how does rain happen?
The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of water circle includes
the sun heating the Earth’s water surface and causing the water surface to evaporate. Earth’s
water includes water from lake, river, and ocean. Then, the water vapor experiences
condensation and becomes condensed vapor. Condensed vapor is formed from droplets so that
when the air temperature is higher, it makes the droplets gather, condensed and formed into
clouds. The presence of winds helps clouds move and gather in other places that have lower
temperatures. At that time, the droplets become heavier and unstoppable and cause the
droplets to fall so that there is rain.
If the droplets drop in an area with very cold temperatures, the droplets will drop as
snow. However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates while falling through dry air.
This is called Virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions.
 DAPATKAH KALIAN MENYIMPULKAN TEXT YANG
DIATAS???

Dapat kita lihat bahwa semua kalimat pada teks tersebut:

o Menggunakan Simple Present Tense

o Menggunakan Action Verbs. Contohnya, experiences dan drop.
o Menggunakan Passive Voices. Contohnya, “Condensed vapor is formed
from droplets so that when the air temperature is higher…”.
o Menggunakan Noun Phrases. Contohnya, Earth’s water surface.
o Menggunakan Technical Terms. Contohnya, evaporate, condensation, dan
Virga.
o Berisi penjelasan mengenai proses terjadinya hujan.
 Butterfly Metamorphosis
          
  To grow into an adult, butterflies go through 4 stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult.
Depending on the type of butterfly, the life cycle of a butterfly may take anywhere from one
month to a whole year.
A butterfly starts life as a very small, round, oval or cylindrical egg. The egg hatches
and the young one called larvae or caterpillar comes out of the egg. The caterpillar first
feeds on the egg shell from which it is born. It then starts feeding on the leaves and starts to
grow. Its exoskeleton (skin) does not stretch or grow, so it grows by “molting” (sheding the
outgrown skin) several times while it grows. As soon as a caterpillar is done growing and it
has reached its full length/weight, it forms itself into a pupa, also known as a chrysalis. The
pupa remains motionless in the chrysalis. In the chrysalis, the pupa undergoes a series of
changes. After about 15 days, a beautiful adult butterfly emerges out of the chrysalis. When
the butterfly comes out, it’s wings are small and wet, then the butterfly pumps fluids into
them to make them strong and to expand. After a few hours, the wings become strong
enough and the butterfly is able to fly.