TOGAF 9
Fundamental
Romi Satria Wahono
romi@[Link]
[Link]
081586220090
Romi Satria Wahono
SD Sompok Semarang (1987)
SMPN 8 Semarang (1990)
SMA Taruna Nusantara Magelang (1993)
[Link], [Link] and [Link] (on-leave)
Department of Computer Science
Saitama University, Japan (1994-2004)
Research Interests: Software Engineering and
Intelligent Systems
Founder [Link]
LIPI Researcher (2004-2007)
Founder and CEO PT Brainmatics Cipta Informatika
Textbooks
Course Outline
[Link]
2. Basic Concepts
3. Core Concepts
4. Key Terminology
5. ADM Introduction
6. UML Introduction
7. TOGAF Case Study
PreTest
1. Apa tugas atau pekerjaan utama anda saat
ini?
2. Apa itu enterprise architecture dan mengapa
kita harus menggunakannya?
3. Apa itu enterprise architecture framework dan
mengapa kita harus menggunakannya?
4. Modelkan
business process dari requirement
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5
1. Introduction
1.1 What and Why
Enterprise Architecture
Rumah Saya
Total penghuni 13 orang
1 istri, 7 anak, 3 prt, 1 supir
10 kamar tidur
1 ruang perpustakaan
2 ruang keluarga
6 kamar mandi
1 kolam renang
1 kolam ikan dengan puluhan jenis
ikan
Taman dengan puluhan pohon dan
8
hewan
Kondisi Rumah Saya
Saya tidak tahu secara detail:
Kegiatan sehari-hari dan kebiasaan
masing-masing penghuni rumah
Seluruh aset rumah dan di mana posisinya
Dokumen yang diproduksi seluruh
penghuni
Saya tidak tahu tahapan detail:
Bagaimana menguras kolam renang
Bagaimana membersihkan kamar tidur,
kamar mandi, ruang tengah
9
Masalah di Rumah Saya
Ketika membeli kursi baru untuk dapur
ternyata ada kursi tidak terpakai di ruang tengah
Masing-masing penghuni rumah mendownload film
internet jadi lambat dan laptop kekurangan space hdd
Ketika membeli printer baru
Spesifikasi printer tidak didukung oleh semua laptop
Ketika ada acara keluarga
jadwal bentrok dengan kegiatan beberapa anggota
keluarga
Ketika pendaftaran sekolah dimulai dan perlu
dokumen
dokumen sulit dikumpulkan karena tersebar
Ketika membeli buku baru
Ternyata buku sudah ada ruang perpustakaan
10
Organisasi
Rumah
=
11
Kondisi Suatu Organisasi
Ribuan pegawai dan
puluhan unit kerja yang
sering tidak termonitor
dengan baik
Proses bisnis kompleks
Infrastruktur dan aset
tidak terkendali
Staff dan pimpinan baru
perlu waktu untuk
memahami kondisi
organisasi
12
Masalah di Organisasi
Ketika suatu unit kerja membeli laptop dan printer
Ternyata ada laptop dan printer tidak terpakai di unit kerja lain
Prediksi berapa kebutuhan laptop dan printer tiap tahun?
Ketika ada staff mengajukan cuti
Dasar apa yang digunakan atasan untuk mengizinkan cuti?
Prediksi jumlah staff yang mengajukan cuti tiap bulan
Ketika KPK sedang mengusut suatu kasus
Prediksi seseorang bisa menjadi tersangka atau tidak?
Dimana dan apa dokumen yang dibutuhkan?
Ketika suatu unit kerja ingin pengadaan barang
Ternyata barang yang sama berlebih di unit kerja lain
Ketika ingin membuat kebijakan tentang keuangan
Banyak meleset karena tidak diolah dari data dan informasi
Estimasi kebutuhan budget tahunan?
Ketika kepala organisasi berganti
Bagaimana kepala organisasi baru bisa belajar cepat tentang
organisasi?
13
Saya Perlu Cetak Biru
Arsitektur
nterprise Architecture
14
Struktur Organisasi
Tujuan Organisasi
Business Process
Struktur Data
Software Sistem
Infrastruktur IT
Kebijakan Keamanan
dsb
1. Business
Architecture
2. Data Architecture
3. Application
Architecture
4. Technology
What is an Enterprise?
A collection of organizations that
share a common set of goals, such
as a government agency, part of a
corporation, or a corporation in its
entirety
Large corporations may comprise
multiple enterprises
An extended enterprise can
include partners, suppliers, and
customers
15
What is Architecture?
The organizational structure of a
system or component
(IEEE Standard 610, Standard Computer Dictionary: A
Compilation of IEEE Standard Computer Glossaries)
The fundamental organization of a
system embodied in its components,
their relationships to each other, and
to the environment, and the principles
guiding its design and evolution
(IEEE Standard 1471, IEEE Recommended Practice for
Architectural Description of Software-Intensive Systems)
16
What is Architecture?
1. A formal description of a system,
or a detailed plan of the system at
a component level to guide its
implementation
2. The structure of components, their
inter-relationships, and the
principles and guidelines
governing their design and
evolution over time
17
What is Enterprise
Architecture?
The organizing logic for business processes and IT
infrastructure reflecting the integration and
standardization requirements of the firms operating
model
(MIT Center for Information Systems Research)
A conceptual blueprint that defines the structure
and operation of an organization. The intent of
an enterprise architecture is to determine how
an organization can most effectively achieve its
current and future objectives
([Link])
18
Apa Itu Enterprise
Architecture?
Cetak biru organisasi yang berisi proses
bisnis, data, aplikasi dan infrastruktur IT, yang
dirancang dan diterapkan secara terpadu
untuk membantu berjalannya kegiatan
organisasi dengan lebih efektif dan efisien
Proses
BISNIS
dan aktifitas organisasi menggunakan
DATA, yang harus dikumpulkan, dikelola, diamankan dan
didistribusikan menggunakan
APLIKASI, baik itu aplikasi custom atau generic, yang berjalan
di atas
TEKNOLOGI, seperti infrastruktur, sistem dan jaringan
komputer
19
Enterprise Architecture Layer
Architecture
Type
Business
Architecture
Description
Data
Architecture
The structure of an organization's logical
and physical data assets and data
management resources
A blueprint for the individual applications
to be deployed, their interactions, and
their relationships to the core business
processes of the organization
The logical software and hardware
capabilities that are required to support
the deployment of business, data, and
application20services. This includes IT
Application
Architecture
Technology
The business strategy, governance,
organization, and key business processes
21
Mengapa Enterprise
Architecture?
Banyak Proses Bisnis di Dalam
Organisasi yang Terpecah-Pecah
dan Tidak Sinkron
Lingkungan Terintegrasi
22
Yang responsif terhadap perubahan,
sehingga
proses bisnis di organisasi bisa berjalan
Keuntungan Enterprise
Architecture (EA)
Keuntungan Deskripsi
Efisiensi
Proses Bisnis
Efisiensi
Operasional
IT
Meningkatka
n ROI dan
Mengurangi
Mengurangi biaya operasional
Organisasi lebih lincah bergerak
Meningkatkan produktifitas organisasi
Mengurangi biaya pengembangan dan
maintenance software
Meningkatkan interoperabilitas serta
pengelolaan sistem dan jaringan yang lebih
mudah
Meningkatkan efisiensi dalam melakukan
upgrade dan pengembangan sistem atau
komponen baru
Mengurangi kompleksitas dari bisnis dan IT
Maksimum ROI pada bisnis dan
infrastruktur IT
Fleksibilitas 23
dalam membuat dan membeli
Keuntungan Enterprise
Architecture
Other; 2% Proses Marger/ Akuisi; 3% Pengelolaan SDM; 5%
Pengembangan Road Map Perusahaan; 14%
Mendukung Pengambilan Keputusan; 16%
Mendukung bisnis dan pengelolaan budget IT; 11%
Mengelola Kompleksitas; 12%
Pengelolaan IT portfolio; 14%
Memberikan Gambaran Bisnis dan IT; 11%
Mendukung Pengembangan Sistem; 12%
Institute for Enterprise Architecture Development, 2005
24
1.2 What and Why
Enterprise Architecture
Framework?
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Bagaimana Cara Membuat
EA?
Harus mulai dari mana?
Siapa saja yang terlibat?
Apa yang harus dibuat?
Bagaimana tahapan pembuatannya?
Bagaimana standardisasi untuk desainnya?
Pusing? Perlu contoh dan template?
Enterprise Architecture
Framework
32
What is an Architecture
Framework?
A foundational structure, or set of
structures, which can be used for
developing a broad range of different
architectures:
Describe a method for designing a target
state of the enterprise in terms of a set of
building blocks, and for showing how the
building blocks fit together
Contain a set of tools and provide a common
vocabulary
Include a list of recommended standards
33
and compliant products
that can be used to
Why do We Need a Framework
for Enterprise Architecture?
Using an architecture framework
will speed up and simplify
architecture development
Ensure more complete coverage of
the designed solution
Make certain that the architecture
selected allows for future growth in
response to the needs of the
business
34
1.3 Major Enterprise
Architecture Framework
35
History of EA Framework
36
Jenis EA Framework
Jenis
Consortia-Developed
Frameworks
EA Framework
ARCON, GERAM, RM-ODP,
IDEAS Group, ISO 19439,
TOGAF
Defense Industry
AGATE, DNDAF, DoDAF,
Frameworks
MODAF, NAF
Government Frameworks ESAAF, GEA, FDIC, FEAF,
NORA, NIST, TEAF
Open Source Frameworks LEAD, MEGAF, Praxeme, TRAK,
SABSA
Proprietary Frameworks ASSIMPLER, AM, IAF, OBASHI,
IFW, SAM, SAP EAF, Zachman
In 2013, TOGAF is theFramework,
most popularSOMF
Enterprise
Architecture framework (judged by published certification
37
numbers)
Major EA Framework
1. The Zachman Framework for Enterprise Architectures
Although self-described as a framework, is actually more
accurately defined as a taxonomy
2. The Open Group Architectural Framework (TOGAF)
Although called a framework, is actually more accurately
defined as a process
3. The Federal Enterprise Architecture(FEA)
Can be viewed as either an implemented enterprise
architecture or a proscriptive methodology for creating an
enterprise architecture
4. The Gartner Methodology
Can be best described as an enterprise architectural practice
38
Zachman Framework
39
TOGAF
40
FEA
41
1.4 EA Framework
Comparison
Read Article: Sessions - A Comparison of the Top
Four EA Methodologies - 2007
42
Comparison Parameters
1. Taxonomy completeness: how well you can use the
methodology to classify the various architectural artifacts
(Zachman)
2. Process completeness: how fully the methodology
guides you through a step-by-step process for creating
an enterprise architecture (TOGAF)
3. Reference-model guidance: how useful the
methodology is in helping you build a relevant set of
reference models (FEA)
4. Practice guidance: how much the methodology helps
you assimilate the mindset of enterprise architecture into
your organization (Gartner)
5. Maturity model: how much guidance the methodology
gives you in assessing the effectiveness and maturity of
different organizations within
your enterprise in using
43
Comparison Parameters
7. Governance guidance: how much help the methodology will be
in understanding and creating an effective governance model for
enterprise architecture
8. Partitioning guidance: how well the methodology will guide you
into effective autonomous partitions of the enterprise, which is an
important approach to managing complexity
9. Prescriptive catalog: how well the methodology guides you in
setting up a catalogue of architectural assets that can be reused in
future activities
[Link] neutrality: how likely you are to get locked-in to a
specific consulting organization by adopting this methodology. A
high rating here indicates low vendor lock-in
[Link] availability: the amount and quality of free or
inexpensive information about this methodology
[Link] to value: the length of time you will likely be using this
methodology before you start using it to build solutions that
deliver high business value
44
Komparasi EA Framework
(Roger Sessions, A Comparison of the Top Four EA Methodologies, 2007)
45
1.5 Enterprise Architecture
Tools
46
EA Tools
(Short and Wilson, 2011)
planningIT ([Link])
SAMU ([Link])
Abacus ([Link])
Architect ([Link])
Corporate Modeler ([Link])
Envision VIP ([Link])
Rational System Architect ([Link])
Mega Suite ([Link])
(Julie Short and Chriss Wilson,
Gartner Assessment of EA
Tool Capabilities, Gartner
Research, 2011)
ProVision ([Link])
MooD ([Link])
ARIS ([Link])
Enterprise Architect ([Link])
47
Comparison Parameters
1. Repository or Metamodel
2. Modeling
3. Decision Analysis
4. Presentation
(Julie Short and Chriss Wilson,
Gartner Assessment of EA
Tool Capabilities, Gartner
Research, 2011)
5. Administration
6. Configurability
7. Frameworks and Standards
8. Usability
48
planningIT ([Link])
49
SAMU ([Link])
50
Abacus ([Link])
51
Architect ([Link])
52
Corporate Modeler
([Link])
53
Envision VIP ([Link])
54
Rational System Architect
([Link])
55
Mega Suite ([Link])
56
ProVision ([Link])
57
MooD ([Link])
58
ARIS ([Link])
59
Enterprise Architect
([Link])
60
EA Tools
(Schekkerman,
(Schekkerman, Enterprise
Architecture Tool Selection Guide,
Institute For Enterprise
2011)
Architecture Developments, 2011)
Application
Company
Category
PlanningIT
Abacus
Rational System
Architect
Mega Suite
Meta Strom Enterprise
Qualiware Product Suite
ARIS Business
Performance
Troux Tranformation
Alphabet
Avolution
IBM
Mega International
Open Text
Qualiware
Software AG
Troux
Leaders
MooD Platform
Salamader
Visionaries
BizzDesign Architect
Corporate Modeler
BizzDesign
Casewise
Challenger
SAMU
Data Traction
Envision VIP
Atol Technologies
Enterprise Elements
Future Tech
System
61
Niche Player
62
63
1.6 Enterprise Architecture
Competency
64
Key Competencies to Create an
Enterprise Architecture
1. Enterprise Architecture Framework
2. Enterprise Architecture Tools
3. Business Strategy and Organization
Analysis Business Model Canvas
4. Business Process Model and Notation
(BPMN)
5. Data Modeling
6. Unified Modeling Language (UML)
7. Infrastructure and Network Design
65
66
Business Model
Canvas
Key Activities
Key
Partners
Value
Propositions
Software
Development
Pearson
Vue
Training
Center
Kryterion
Online
Prometrics
Key Resources
Brand [Link]
Peserta Ujian
Sertifikasi
Channels
Lembaga
Pendidikan
Telepon
[Link]
Instant Messaging
(YM, WA, Line, BBM)
Lembaga
Pemerintahan
Social Media
(Kaskus, Facebook, Twitter)
Biaya
Operasional
Penjualan
Jasa Training
Gaji Pegawai
Mahasiswa
Revenue Streams
Cost Structure
Honor Pengajar
Online: Social Media
Participation, Situs
[Link]
International Authorized
Training and Testing
Center
Pengembangan
Software dengan
Metodologi Standard
Internasional
Staff IT
Dosen
Email
Brand Romi Satria Wahono
Segments
Offline: Kegiatan
Workshop dan Training
Kurikulum
Online Market
Food
Court
Kurikulum Internasional
dan Customizable
dengan Kebutuhan
Ruang Kelas Nyaman
dan Posisi di Tengah
Kota Jakarta
Pegawai
Penerbit dan
Distributor Buku
Relationships
Pengajar dengan
Kompetensi Terpadu
Akademisi dan Industri
Certification
Examination
Percetakan
PT Brainmatics Cipta
Informatika
Customer
Customer
Biaya
Infrastruktur
Biaya Marketing
Penjualan
Produk Software
Perusahaan
Swasta
Business Process Model and
Notation (BPMN)
Notasi standard untuk pemodelan proses
bisnis
Object Management Group (OMG))
Permenpan No 12 Tahun 2011 tentang
Pedoman Penataan Tata Laksana (Business
Process)
68
BPMN
69
Data Modeling
70
UML
Use-Case
Diagram
Statechart
Class Diagram Diagram
add file
DocumentList
Use Case 1
FileMgr
Actor A
Actor B
Document
add( )
delete( )
fetchDoc( )
sortByName( )
name : int
docid : int
numField : int
get( )
open( )
close( )
read( )
sortFileList( )
create( )
fillDocument( )
Use Case 2
FileList
fList
add( )
delete( )
Writing
add file [ numberOffile==MAX ] /
flag OFF
read() fill the
code..
Openning
close file
Use Case 3
close file
Closing
Reading
rep
Repository
(from Persistence)
File
read( )
Deployment
Diagram
GrpFile
name : char * = 0
readDoc( )
readFile( )
Collaboratio
n Diagram
read( )
open( )
create( )
fillFile( )
9: sortByName ( )
Repository
mainWnd : MainWnd
1: Doc view request ( )
DocumentList
Windows95
Window95
FileManager
Windows95
2: fetchDoc( )
Document
gFile : GrpFile
4: create ( )
.EXE
8: fillFile ( )
Windows
NT
user : Clerk
Solaris
fileMgr : FileMgr
.EXE
GraphicFile
3: create ( )
Alpha
UNIX
.EXE
6: fillDocument ( )
File
FileList
Windows
NT
IBM
Mainframe
7: readFile ( )
5: readDoc ( )
document : Document
repository : Repository
mainWnd
user
fileMgr :
FileMgr
document :
Document
gFile
1: Doc view request ( )
2: fetchDoc( )
repository
Component
Diagram
3: create ( )
4: create ( )
5: readDoc ( )
6: fillDocument ( )
7: readFile ( )
8: fillFile ( )
9: sortByName ( )
Sequence
Diagram
71
Forward
and
Reverse
Engineerin
Target
Syste
m
Test Yourself Questions
Which one of the following best describes why you
need a framework for enterprise architecture?
A. Architecture design is complex
B. Using a framework can speed up the process
C. Using a framework ensures more complete
coverage
D. A framework provides a set of tools and a
common vocabulary
E. All of these
72
Test Yourself Questions
Which of the following are the architecture
domains that are commonly accepted
subsets of an overall enterprise
architecture?
A. Application, Business, Data, Technology
B. Capability, Segment, Strategic
C. Context, Definition, Governance,
Transformation
D. Definition, Realization, Transition, Vision
73
Test Yourself Questions
Which one of the following best describes an
enterprise architecture?
A. An architecture of a commercial organization
B. An architecture that consists of more than one
subsidiary company
C. An architecture that crosses multiple systems,
and multiple functional groups within the
enterprise
D. The highest level of architecture that can be
achieved in a given organization
74
References
1. Rachel Harrison, Study Guide TOGAF 9 Foundation 2nd Edition,
The Open Group, 2011
2. Rachel Harrison, Study Guide TOGAF 9 Certified 2nd Edition,
The Open Group, 2011
3. Open Group Standard, TOGAF Version 9.1 (G116), The Open
Group, 2011
4. Open Group Standard, TOGAF Version 9.1 A Pocket Guide
(G117), The Open Group, 2011
5. Daniel Minoli, Enterprise Architecture A to Z: Frameworks,
Business Process Modeling, SOA, and Infrastructure Technology,
Taylor & Francis, 2008
6. Jon Holt and Simon Perry, Modelling Enterprise Architectures, The
Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2010
7. Alan Dennis et al, Systems Analysis and Design with UML 4th
Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2013
75