SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
1. Apa itu Simple Present Tense?
Simple Present Tense adalah bentuk waktu (tenses) yang paling dasar dalam bahasa Inggris.
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan:
Kebiasaan/Rutin (Habitual Actions): Sesuatu yang dilakukan berulang-ulang.
o Contoh: I drink coffee every morning.
Fakta Umum/Kebenaran Mutlak (General Truths): Sesuatu yang selalu benar.
o Contoh: The sun rises in the east.
Keadaan Sekarang (Present State): Perasaan atau kondisi saat ini.
o Contoh: She is happy.
2. Struktur Kalimat (Rumus)
Dalam bahasa Inggris, kalimat dibagi menjadi dua jenis utama: Kalimat Verbal (menggunakan
kata kerja aksi) dan Kalimat Nominal (tidak menggunakan kata kerja aksi, melainkan
menggunakan "to be").
A. Kalimat Verbal (Verbal Sentences)
Digunakan jika dalam kalimat ada kata kerja (verb), seperti: eat, sleep, run, study, work.
RUMUS:
( + ) Subject + V1 (+s/es) + Object/Complement
( - ) Subject + do/does + not + V1 + Object/Complement
( ? ) Do/does + Subject + V1 + Object/Complement?
Aturan Penting (Subject-Verb Agreement):
Subject (Subjek) Kata Kerja Positif Kata Kerja Negatif/Tanya
I, You, We, They Gunakan V1 (tanpa tambahan) Gunakan Do
He, She, It Gunakan V1 + s/es Gunakan Does
Catatan: Jika sudah menggunakan "does" di kalimat negatif atau tanya, kata kerjanya
KEMBALI ke V1 (hilangkan s/es).
Contoh Verbal:
(+) They play football every Sunday.
(-) They do not play football every Sunday.
(?) Do they play football every Sunday?
(+) She works in a bank.
(-) She does not work in a bank.
(?) Does she work in a bank?
B. Kalimat Nominal (Nominal Sentences)
Digunakan jika dalam kalimat TIDAK ADA kata kerja aksi. Biasanya diikuti oleh Kata Sifat
(Adjective), Kata Benda (Noun), atau Kata Keterangan (Adverb) -> disingkat ANA. Kita harus
menggunakan To Be (am, is, are).
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RUMUS:
( + ) Subject + To Be (am/is/are) + ANA
( - ) Subject + To Be + not + ANA
( ? ) To Be + Subject + ANA?
Aturan To Be:
I -> am
He, She, It (atau nama orang tunggal) -> is
You, We, They (atau jamak) -> are
Contoh Nominal:
(+) She is smart. (Adjective)
(-) She is not smart.
(?) Is she smart?
(+) They are students. (Noun)
(-) They are not students.
(?) Are they students?
3. Aturan Penambahan -s/-es (Untuk Subjek He, She, It)
1. Umumnya cukup ditambah -s:
o work -> works, play -> plays, eat -> eats.
2. Berakhiran -ch, -sh, -s, -x, atau -o, ditambah -es:
o watch -> watches, wash -> washes, go -> goes, fix -> fixes.
3. Berakhiran Konsonan + y, ubah 'y' menjadi 'i' lalu tambah -es:
o study -> studies, cry -> cries, fly -> flies.
(Tapi jika Vokal + y, cukup tambah -s: buy -> buys).
4. Keterangan Waktu (Time Signals)
Kata-kata ini sering muncul dalam Simple Present Tense:
Adverbs of Frequency (Seberapa sering): Always (selalu), Usually (biasanya), Often
(sering), Sometimes (kadang-kadang), Seldom/Rarely (jarang), Never (tidak pernah).
Keterangan waktu spesifik: Every day (setiap hari), Every week (setiap minggu), In the
morning (di pagi hari), On Mondays (setiap hari Senin).
LATIHAN SOAL SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Bagian A: Pilihan Ganda (Subject-Verb Agreement)
Pilihlah jawaban yang paling tepat.
1. My brother _____ video games every weekend.
a. play
b. plays
c. playing
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2. They _____ like spicy food.
a. do not
b. does not
c. are not
3. _____ your father work in Jakarta?
a. Do
b. Is
c. Does
4. The earth _____ around the sun.
a. go
b. goes
c. going
5. While Budi studies, I _____ a book.
a. reads
b. read
c. am read
Bagian B: Melengkapi Kalimat Verbal
Ubahlah kata kerja di dalam kurung menjadi bentuk yang benar (V1 atau V1+s/es).
1. Sarah usually ________ (arrive) at school at 7 AM.
2. We ________ (not / watch) TV in the afternoon.
3. My cat ________ (sleep) on the sofa all day.
4. ________ (do) you speak English fluently?
5. A mechanic ________ (fix) cars.
Bagian C: Melengkapi Kalimat Nominal (To Be)
Isilah titik-titik dengan am, is, atau are.
1. They _____ my best friends.
2. It _____ a very hot day today.
3. I _____ not tired.
4. _____ she a doctor?
5. The books _____ on the table.
Bagian D: Mengubah Bentuk Kalimat
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Ubahlah kalimat berikut sesuai tanda yang diminta (+, -, atau ?).
1. (+) He ____ to the gym every Friday. (go/goes)
(-) ____________________________________
(?) ____________________________________
2. (+) They ____ math on Monday. (play/plays)
(+) ____________________________________
(?) ____________________________________
3. (+) She ____ a talented singer. (to be)
(-) ____________________________________
(?) ____________________________________
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