DISCUSSION TEKS

A. Pengertian Discussion Text

Discussion text adalah teks argumentatif yang mengandung dua sudut pandang, yaitu
pandangan pro (setuju) dan kontra (tidak setuju) secara objektif. Discussion text dapat
berupa materi seminar dan wacana terkait isu kontroversial. Selain itu, kesimpulan
yang terdapat dalam discussion text umumnya bersifat netral.

B. Tujuan Discussion Text

Tujuan discussion text adalah untuk memberikan sudut pandang (perspektif),
pendapat, atau argumen terkait sebuah isu kepada pembaca. Sudut pandang yang
dimaksud pada discussion text ini bisa berasal dari banyak sumber dan tidak hanya
berasal dari satu sisi saja. Adapun manfaat dari Discussion Text adalah sebagai
berikut:
1. Memengaruhi pembaca untuk membuat keputusan yang tepat mengenai topik
yang dibahas.
2. Menegaskan posisi penulis dalam sebuah topik.
3. Membujuk pembaca untuk menerima posisi penulis.
4. Menyajikan argumen dan bukti secara terstruktur.
5. Mempertimbangkan berbagai sudut pandang dan memberikan kontra-argumen.
6. Mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis pembaca.
7. Memfasilitasi diskusi dan debat tentang isu penting.
8. Mendukung pengambilan keputusan dengan informasi yang relevan.

C. Struktur Discussion Text

Secara umum, struktur discussion text terdiri dari 4 bagian, yaitu issue, arguments for,
arguments against, dan conclussion/recommendation.
a. Issue
Bagian ini akan berisi pengenalan masalah yang dibahas. Issue pada discussion
text bisa berupa masalah hangat yang sedang beredar di sekitar. Contohnya
masalah pendidikan, kesehatan, sosial, politik, sejarah, atau isu-isu lainnya.
Biasanya pada bagian ini penulis memberikan gambaran atau pendapat umum dan
pengertian secara general dari topik yang akan dibahas.
Contoh :
National Exam: Pro and Contra?
National exam becomes the hot topic in most of discussions among students,
teachers, and parents. Some people believe that national exam is not necessary for
students as a requirement to be able graduate from a school. In other hand, other
people see national exam as an important indicator to know whether students have
mastered all school materials or not. The debate among society about national
examination goes on until now.
 b. Arguments For
Arguments for atau supporting points. Pada bagian ini, berisi penjelasan yang
bersifat positif (pro). Pada bagian ini kamu menjelaskan hal-hal yang membuatmu
setuju/mendukung terhadap isu yang didiskusikan. Argumen yang kamu utarakan
bisa berupa keuntungan, manfaat, dan sebagainya.
Contoh :
For people who agree, national exam is necessary for students as a requirement to
graduate from a school. People who support the national exam explain that the
quality of the Indonesia education will drop without the national exam, so they try
to defend the current system. They also think that national examination can
motivate students to study harder.
c. Argument Against
Arguments against atau contrasting points akan berisi penjelasan yang bersifat
negatif (kontra). Disini kamu menjelaskan hal-hal yang membuatmu tidak setuju
terkait isu yang didiskusikan. Bisa berupa kerugian, atau hal-hal negatif lainnya.
Contoh :
However there are people who disagree with the opinion. Those who against this
national exam kept in school education say that it doesn't need the national exams
because the quality of education does not just depend on the national exam.
Further, the national exam only measures a small portion of students' competence
in specific subjects, and does not measure students' competences throughout the
semester.
d. Conclussion or Recommendation
Conclussion atau recommendation bisa berupa kesimpulan dari hasil diskusi yang
sedang dibahas. Selain itu, kamu juga bisa memberikan saran terkait solusi
terhadap isu tersebut.
Contoh :
In conclusion, national examination can still be useful as an instrument to evaluate
or detect the level of students' cognitive competence in several subjects, on a
national scale. However, it is not fair if only national exam score that judge
whether students pass or not. Government should make a regulation that national
exam is not the only requirement for students to graduate. There should be other
requirements added such as students’ daily score, behavior, and achievement.

D. Kaidah Kebahasaan Discussion Text

Language features atau kaidah kebahasaan, atau ciri-ciri kebahasaan dari discussion
text adalah sebagai berikut :
a. Menggunakan Thinking Verb
Thinking verb adalah kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan berpikir.
Contoh kata yang digunakan, yaitu think, wonder, believe, understand, feel,
certain, dan lain sebagainya.
Thinking verb pada discussion text digunakan untuk mengungkapkan pandangan
penulis terkait masalah yang sedang dibahas.
b. Use Conjunction (Kata Penghubung)
Conjunction dapat menyambungkan ide atau argumen dalam teks, sehingga
alurnya bisa saling tersambung dan lebih mudah diikuti pembaca.
Contoh conjunction-nya yaitu because, therefore, however, dan although.
Contoh kalimat: The policy was implemented because it addresses the root cause
of the problem.
c. Use Emphatic Statements (Kalimat Penegasan)
Kalimat penegasan digunakan untuk menekankan poin penting dalam argumen.
Tujuannya adalah untuk memastikan bahwa pembaca memperhatikan dan
mengingat poin-poin kunci yang disampaikan. Contohnya seperti clearly,
undoubtedly, certainly, obviously.
Contoh kalimat: Clearly, the evidence supports the conclusion that immediate
action is necessary.
d. Use Evaluative Language (Bahasa Evaluatif)
Untuk mengevaluasi ide, argumen, atau bukti yang ada dalam teks,
gunakanlah evaluative language. Misalnya argue, claim, suggest, assert.
Contoh kalimatnya: The author argues that the new law will significantly improve
public safety.
e. Use Transition Words (Kata Transisi)
Selain konjungsi, sebuah teks bisa menjadi kohesif dan koheren dengan
adanya transition words. Kata transisi berfungsi untuk menghubungkan paragraf
atau kalimat, supaya pembaca dapat mengikuti perubahan ide atau argumen
dengan mudah. Contohnya firstly, in addition, on the other hand, furthermore.
Contoh kalimat: Firstly, we must consider the economic impact of the decision.
f. Use Persuasive Language (Gaya Bahasa Persuasif)
Supaya pembaca yakin dan setuju dengan argumen penulis, kamu perlu menyusun
tulisan gaya bahasa persuasif. Dalam bahasa Inggris, contohnya adalah must, need
to, it is essential that, should.
Contog : We must take immediate action to prevent further damage to the
environment.
g. Use Emotive Words (Gunakan Kata-kata Emosional)
Untuk menciptakan dampak emosional pada pembaca melalui emotive words,
kamu bisa menggunakan kata-kata berikut : outraged, heartbroken, inspiring,
alarming.
Contoh kalimat: The community was outraged by the unjust treatment of the
workers.
h. Use Simple Present Tense
Menggunakan prsesent simple gunanya untuk menunjukan bahwa kamu
menyampaikan fakta atau argumen yang berlaku di masa sekarang. Selain
menggunakan present simple, discussion text umumnya akan
menggunakan tenses yang pola kalimatnya lebih sederhana seperti Simple Past
Tense atau Simple Future Tense.
Contoh layout dalam discussion text:
 Nuclear Energy: Advantage or Disadvantage

Nuclear energy is commonly offered as an alternative to overcome the crisis of energy. The
debate of whether the use of nuclear energy is an appropriate choice has not come to an end.
Some people agree with the utilization of it because of its benefits. However some others,
disagree because of its risks to the environment.

Those who agree with the operation of nuclear reactors usually argue that nuclear energy is
the only feasible choice to answer the ever-increasing energy needs. In their opinion, the
other sources of energy: oil, coal, and liquid natural gas are not renewable and safe, while
nuclear energy can be sustainable when produced in a safe way.

However, people who disagree with the use of nuclear energy point out that the waste of
nuclear products can completely destroy the environment and human lives (2024). A
meltdown in reactor, for example, usually results in the contamination of the surroundings
soil and water. Take for example, the blow up of the nuclear reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear
Power Station in Russia twenty years ago. The serious contamination imperiled people and
the environment severely.

It is obvious that nuclear energy should be avoided because it really endanger the
environment but what about a less polluted energy instead of nuclear energy? Is there any
alternative energy to overcome the crisis of energy?
 Being a Kpopers Brings a Negative Impact: Pros and Cons

In this modern era, everythings can be accessed easily including music. In the past, people could only acces
it via radio, but now music from all over the country is in their hands, and one of them is Korean Pop or
Kpop. Good song combined with dance and perfect visual artist is the strength of it. There are a lot of fans
of kpop or often called kpopers in Indonesia and the other country. Unfortunately, their love for kpop has
caused debate in society. They debaters about the impact of it, wether it has a positive or negative. This
happened because of the bigotry of kpopers towards their idols which was said to be excessive. The debate
among society about it goes until now.

The first argument comes from the opposition. They does not agree that being a kpopers has a negative
impact, beacuse kpopers can be motivated to save money. They needs funds to buy albums, concert tickets,
and various merchandise related to their idols. To get money, they have to save and it makes them
accustomed to saving. So that they can buy what they want. But, this oponion was denied by the counter,
who agreed that being kpopers had a negative impact. That’s because buying albums, concert tickets and
others can lead to compulsive buying [1]. Kpopers who are fanatical will usually buy anything related to
their idol without thinking about their finances. They can save, but the money is used to buy things that tand
to be for pleasure, not for necessities.

The other argument from the opposition is that being kpopers makes their friendship cycle wider. By
becoming kpopers they can make easy friends with people from out of the town and even abroad [2].
Therefore they can learn various things, such as cultures and foreign language. Many of the kpopers who
used to be loners have become more open to theoutside world and can make friends. However, the
affirmative again refutes this opinion. They admitedly that the friendship cycle can be wider. But, kpopers
become indiferent to the life around them. They tend to be absorbed in their own world. Because they are
busy taking care of their idols, they often prefer to lock themselves in their rooms rather than just talking
with their families.

The opposition also mentioned that being a kpopers makes them happy just by looking at their idols. Their
idols often create entertainment content and games that make them smile when they are sad. In addition,
their idols also compose songs that can inspire them to love themselves more and make them more excited.
For example, a song by a kpop group named BTS entitled “NOT TODAY”. The song was played during a
student demonstration in Padang who rejected the Job Creation Law [3]. The next is come from the
affirmative. They argue that it is true, but it can lead to psychological illness Celebrity Worship syndrome
[1]. Because getting used to being entertained by kpop idols makes them obsessed with them to the point of
wanting to know their private life. There are even kpopers who become stalkers, who follow their idols
everywhere.

From the argument above, it can be seen that being a kpopers is more of negative impact than a positive
impact. This is because the negative impact is more and it is quite worrying if it happens. For example,
being kpopers can make them become stalkers. It is not very good, because it can interfere with their lives
and also the lives of their idols.