WAREHOUSE

ACTIVITIES
SHIPPING PREPARATION - SHIPPING
 SHIPPING
PREPARATION
Warehouse
Process
 VALUE ADDING SERVICES

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 Alasan Value Adding Services:

 Labelling, tagging, bundling

Bundling –
‘buy one, get one free’

Sub-Assembly
Tagging & Kimballing

(re) Packing

Reconfiguration

Repair & Refurbishment

(re) Labelling

dan pricing dapat mengurangi

tugas penjaga toko sehingga
bisa fokus ke pelayanan
 Postponement dapat
mengurangi waktu produksi
dan persediaan dengan
mengurangi variabilitas dari
SKU yang disimpan
 Bagian dari proses return dan
service
 PACKAGING
Packaging adalah suatu sistem terkoordinasi
dalam menyiapkan barang untuk keamanan,
efektivifitas dan efisiensi handling, distribusi,
penyimpanan, pengecer, konsumsi, dan reco
very/reuse/disposal yang dikombinasikan de
ngan memaksimumkan consumer value, pen
jualan, dan bahkan profit (Saghir, 2002)
LEVEL PACKAGING
PACKAGING FUNDAMENTAL
Building-blocks concept
– Smallest unit is consumer package
– Each unit is stocked within the next larg
er one to protect the product
Packaging
– refers to materials used for the contain
ment, protection, handling, delivery, an
d presentation of goods
– Serves three general functions
-To promote
-To protect
-To identify (label) the relevant product
PACKAGING COST TRADE-OFF WITH OTHER
LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES
IMPROVE PACKAGING EFFICIENCY

Minimize Touches
01 Sinkronisasi dengan proses picking untuk
meminimasi handling produk - Picking Strategy Traditional Picking Process

Penggunaan Karton untuk Picking

02 Penggunaan karton dengan ukuran yang sesuai
pada saat mengambil barang dapat meminimalkan
proses packaging
Pick/Pack Picking Process
LABELING STANDART
PALLETS
• Kuantitas dan deskripsi produk pada label pallet h
arus terbaca pada jarak 3 meter di kondisi penca
hayaan normal.
• Label pallet harus menunjukkan product code, de
skripsi dan barcode, termasuk jumlah unit packs-
nya.
• Posisi label yang direkomendasikan adalah 400m
m dari alas dan 800mm dari bagian atas pallet
LABELING STANDART
TRANSIT / OUTER PACKS
• Semua informasi produk bese
rta barcode diletakkan pada p
osisi horizontal dan vertikal se
cara berdekatan, sehingga inf
ormasi produk dengan mudah
bisa dibaca walaupun produk
disimpan secara vertikal mau
pun horisontal.
• Outer label harus terbaca pad
a jarak minimal 2 meter.
LABELING STANDART
INNER & RETAIL PACKS
• Standar labelling juga sama diterapka
n untuk retail pack, kecuali untuk kon
disi tertentu yang tidak memungkinka
n untuk ditempel di 2 sisi seperti halny
a pada shrink-packs. Informasi dapat
dibaca dengan mudah pada penyimp
anan normal maupun pada display
• Kode dan jumlah produk harus dapat
terlihat pada jarak minimal 0.5 meter.
LABELING STANDART
PRODUCT INFORMATION
• Company Name and/or Brand Name.
• Clear, Easily Legible Product Descript
ion.
• Supplier Reference/Product Code in b
old print, including own brand items.
• Colours should be denoted in both wo
rds and ideally by coloured panels. If i
t is not possible to accommodate colo
ur due to cost words should be very cl
ear
Peletakan Label
yang didihindari
TRUCK LOADING & STACKING
To be a good truck loader, you need to
keep a lot of people happy

Keep it legal
Must be satisfied
What I ordered, easy to count and
unload and is undamaged

Balance the load and don’t let

it move around
But it is also important to
satisfy these guys

Load it fast and damage free

The highway patrol wants the trucks to be legal

Keep axles below

34,000 lbs

Keep axles spaced

far apart

...and the load

must be stable

• An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear

• Axle weight is the maximum distributed weight that may be supported by an
axle of a road vehicle
Loads to certain states E.G. Ca. Need
to have unique trailer set-ups

In some states, the

laws are different

E.g. California limits how

far the axles can be apart
48 ft so you need to load
differently
 Getting the axle weights right is hard

Light / Heavy / Light

Here are some rules
I use. They work
most of the time

No more than 2000 lbs per floor spot

Single / Double / Single

Loading a trailer is like working a seesaw

We all understand a
seesaw 100 100

And a trailer is like

that

100 100
 ...but it gets tough – and I need help

Calculating the weight on

the axles and king pin
requires a lot of calculations.
I can’t do them in my head!
So when loads get heavy
24 (40,000 lbs and above), I
72 ask for help!
120
168
216
264
312
360
Distance from center of tandems 408
456

2500 4000 5500 4500 1500 2350 2950 3210 4250 3000

Center Of Gravity King Pin

Tips: Many cloud website help a

s axle weight calculator
Customers want what they want, when they want it

1st st 2nd s Last

op top stop
If keeping orders together
makes a load infeasible
or creates other problems,
then allow the orders to be
In the right stop sequence mixed in the stop
and try to keep
the orders together

Order
Order
#3 Order
#1
#2
 Easy to unload and load

HEALTH
PAPER PAPER CARE
BEAUTY SOAP SOAP
SOAP CARE

If the customer has small

doors, make sure that last
pallets go on in the
narrow direction
Try to keep product
families together and
some of my sites have
small dock doors – so make
sure we can unload it
Easy to load: based on how the product
is stored in the warehouse
Narrow/Narrow Chimney Block Wide/Wide
Wide in t
he nose 48
40 48

40
48
48

40

To make things fit, this will work

Which is the preferred
ok (if the trailer is wide enough
trailer layout?
and the product does not overhang
the pallet)
Make products easy to retrieve & touch in the trailer
(same items on top of one another and same families in each grab)

Side View
Top View
B/B A/A A/A B A A

B/B A/A A/A B A A

B/B B/B A/A

B A A

B/B A/B A/A

B B A

B/B A/A A/A B B A

B/B B/B A/A B B A

Goal: Support picking up product in double-wide fork trucks

Make products easy to retrieve
Prefer “C’s” together

E/C C/D A/A E/C C/C A/A

Vs.
F/C D/D B/B F/D D/D B/B

If possible, on the bottom is preferred

C/E C/C A/A

When you do this, you F/D D/D B/B

need to make sure you
obey the other rules,
like don’t double stack
…and don’t damage anything, because we
have to pay for it

But what
causes damage?
Things that might stack nicely in the warehouse
get damaged bumping along the road

It may look fine

when it leaves
the dock

But, if it is not built right,

the customer sees a very
different load when it arrives
Damage is also caused by pallet movement
or falling

Try to brace forward,

backwards and to the side
so pallets can’t move
 What is TOFC and COFC?
Terminologi ini sering digunakan pada intermodal shipping
• Trailer on Flatcar (TOFC) dan Container on Flatcar (COFC) digunakan pad
a pengiriman via truck dan kereta api.

• TOFC is used for truckloads moving over land via truck and rail. TOFC is often
less expensive than over-the-road truckload shipping but can involve several
different carriers to handle the shipment from origin to destination. The intermo
dal term called “piggyback”.

• Of course, COFC often includes using Ocean Freight as another mode since c
ontainers are used most often for export or shipping with ship lines via water.
Special loading for TOFC / intermodal / cont
ainers
Be more careful with TOFC

Over-the-Road TOFC

Good Requires 2-3 a

irbags

Good Better, but still

needs airbags
 When bracing, keep singles or
unit loads with product severely under-hanging the pallet
in non-critical position

Turn pallets at critical points wide /

wide so the airbag fits tighter –
but you can’t do that when the
customer has small docks
Try not to have singles in a
load and definitely not
Critical points consecutive singles
 To minimize damage, minimize the
height differential between adjacent pallets and number
of consecutive singles

Undesirable Better Best

Too short

Better
Undesirabl
e

Single
No singles in the
nose or tail
 Minimize Side Movement

Minimize how often this occurs.

Try to never have this in the
last spot in the trailer.
Minimize sta Double stretch wrap and turn
ck height diff pallets
near such a stack
erential
Use dunnage where there are significant
areas of un-braced pallets

Turn pallets wide

at the middle and back Airbag Airbag
of the trailer where
you airbag

Airbag where there

are significant
changes in height

Airbag – for long trips or TOFC

Airbag back – always

..and make the stacks in the back tall

Use fillers when the product significantly
under-hangs the pallet

Use cardboard fillers

where there is more than 2 inches
of pallet showing…and don’t
use airbags when the gap is
more than 10 inches

Filler

2”+

Filler goes against the wall

Certain product needs special rules

You have to learn which products must:

➢ Ride on top
➢ Always be on the bottom
➢ Not be turned wide / wide
(they overhang the pallet too much)
➢ Must be kept separate
You may need to save space for out-of-stock
items at back of trailer

OK

“Phantom pallet”

Best
Stack product
What is more important?

I know you can’t keep all the rules all the time.
Here is what I think is most important:
1. Make the axles legal
2. Keep stops separate
3. Brace forward
4. Brace sideways, particularly on second level
5. Keep orders separate (if you can)
6. Turn last 2 pallets (if you can)
7. Meet desired customer loading pattern
8. Keep same items together
9. Brace backwards
10. Keep families together
 Load short & then tall
to get the maximum
weight in a trailer

While this works, it requires

more airbags
Airbag Airbag

Airbag Vs.

Airbag
 Only load to 48 ft.
in a 53 ft. trailer.

48 ft.

As long as you can keep

the axles legal, don’t
worry about the stupid line
Remember, it is hard to load a truck well

When loading a truck, there is a lot to remember –

and a lot of decisions to make.
Some companies even have sophisticated software from
Transportation | Warehouse Optimization
to help make loading faster
and allow getting more product on the trailer
Typical despatch paperwork depending on ultimate destination includes the f
ollowing:
▪ advanced shipping notice;
▪ manifest;
▪ shipping labels;
▪ Bill of Lading;
▪ commercial invoice;
▪ shipper’s export declaration;
▪ export packing list;
▪ certificate of origin;
▪ export licence;
▪ inspection certificate; and
▪ insurance certificate.

Each country will have its own requirements in respect of the documentation n
eeded.