Site Planning
TKW 4127
SITE ANALYSIS
Dian K. Wardhani
Departement of Regional and City Planning
Brawijaya University
Sem I 2008/2009
Site analysis
1. PROSES PERENCANAAN TAPAK
Syarat Antar- Konsep-Konsep PENYUSUNAN
Komponen Rencana KONSEP RENCANA
Standar
Kebutuhan
Hubungan Jaringan Struktur
Fungsional Sistem Ruang
Penyesuaian
Penetapan Program dan
Acuan
Komponen Tapak
Pengembangan:
Alt. Konsep
Kebutuhan
Jenis Kegiatan Rencana
Ruang
Visi dan Misi Tapak
Lokasi
Program Tapak PENGEMBANGAN Standar
PROGRAM Ruang
Evaluasi Konsep
Konsep Rencana
Terpilih
Dll.
Pemilihan Analisis Lahan Layak
Tapak Tapak Bangun
Rencana Tapak: PENYUSUNAN
•Tata Letak RENCANA
PERSIAPAN PEMILIHAN DAN ANALISIS TAPAK •Tata Massa TAPAK
•Prasarana
•Lanskap
Pematangan
Penghitungan Biaya
Lahan dan
Pembangunan
Konstruksi
KONSTRUKSI PEMBIAYAAN
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PROSES PERENCANAAN TAPAK
FAKTA ANALISIS KONSEP PRA PENGEMBANGAN
DESAIN DESAIN
PROGRAMMING SKEMATIK DESAIN AWAL DESAIN AKHIR -
KEPUTUSAN
GAGASAN AWAL KEBUTUHAN AKTIVITAS SKEMATK PLAN APLIKASI DARI KONSEP GAMBAR PERENCANAAN
PROYEK FUNGSI (2 DIMENSI) MENJADI OLAHAN -Lay Out Plan
PENETAPAN Analisis Tapak in-Site -Lingkungan DESAIN -Landscape Plan
Penetapan -Analisis Tanah -Zoning -Elevation Plan
-Judul Proyek -Hidrologi -Kebutuhan Ruang -Planting Plan
-Maksud -Klimatologi -Kebutuhan Aktivitas -Drainage Plan
-Tujuan -Topografi -Spatial (Ruang) -Utility Plan
Data Proyek -Lingkungan -Sirkulasi -Perspektif Plan
-Pemilik Analisis Lingkungan Off -Tata Hijau GAMBAR PERANCANGAN
-Tanah Site -Pembentukan Muka Tanah DOKUMEN/LAPORAN
-Hidrologi -Aspek Sosial SKEMATIK DESAIN RANCANGAN
-Geologi -Aspek Budaya (3 DIMENSI) -Dokumen Rencana Kerja dan
-Kimatologi -Aspek Ekonomi KONSEP PEMBIAYAAN Syarat
-Topografi -Aspek Lingkungan -Dokumen Pembiayaan
-Sosial , Budaya dan Tinjauan Master Plan -Dokumen Pelelangan
Ekonomi -Kesesuaian thd Pola -Dokumen Kontrak
Pernyataan Masalah Perkotaan
-Sosial -Ketersediaan Pelayanan
-Ekonomi Kota
-Fisik -Fasilitas & Lingk. Sos.
-Teknis Studi Banding
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2. ANALISIS TAPAK (SITE ANALYSIS)
Proses pemahaman kualitas tapak dengan
mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi
karakter tapak, dengan memadukan program
kebutuhan.
Fungsi/tujuan:
•Menyesuaikan tapak dengan program
•Memelihara lingkungan alami
Orientasi: Pandangan:
• Terhadap tujuan • Ahli teknik
• Terhadap tapak • Petani/ahli pertanian
• Pengembang/kontraktor
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PROSES ANALISA TAPAK
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MAKSUD KATEGORI
1. Melayani keperluan 1. Potensi tapak: dapat
fungsional manusia digunakan sebaik mungkin
(sumber-sumber, view, dll
2. Melayani keperluan 2. Persoalan tapak: yang
rekreatif diperhatikan, vulnerable,
3. Menjaga proses alam perlu upgrading/
(lingkungan improvement
fisik/biologis) 3. Fitur tapak:
keistimewaan yang khas,
menyenangkan, harus
dilindungi
4. Tanda bahaya: harus
dihindari pematangan
mahal
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LINGKUP
Garis besar analisis: Unsur analisis:
• Lokasi (eksternal) 1. Lokasi
• Atas permukaan tanah 2. Lingkungan
3. Ukuran dan peruntukan
• Permukaan tanah
4. Status lahan dan peraturan
• Bawah permukaan
5. Fisik dasar
6. Fisik binaan
7. Sirkulasi
8. Prasarana
9. Indra (sensory)
10. Penduduk dan budaya
11. Iklim
12. Dsb..
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FAKTOR-FAKTOR ANALISIS TAPAK
ALAM BUATAN PENGGUNA
• Lokasi
• Air • Peraturan/
• Karakteristik
• Topografi • kebijakan
pemakai
• Orientasi • Prasarana
• Kebutuhan
• Vegetasi • Fasilitas
ruang
• View • Bangunan
• Program
• Drainase • Jalan/
sirkulasi kegiatan
• dsb • dsb
• dsb
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FAKTOR-FAKTOR ANALISIS TAPAK
1. Analisis terhadap 3. Analisis Lingk. Binaan
Pemakai Karakteristik semua data dr elemen buatan
pemakai dianalisis manusia dlm tapak, mis;
digunakan u. bangunan, drainase, dll. u/
menentukan kebutuhan mengetahui, memahami &
dan aktivitas ruang. mengenal konsepsi ruang,
2. Analisis thd lingk. sirkulasi ,dll.
Alamiah Elemen2 alami
dan keadaan tempat 4. Analisis thd. Sosial,
sekitar tapak (iklim, air, Budaya dan Lingk. Sekitar
tanah, topografi, dijadikan pertimba-ngan dlm
vegetasi, dan kehidupan menentukan zoning dan
makluk lainnya) aktivitas kegiatan yg
dirancang.
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KIND OF INFORMATION
• LOCATION. May • SITE AND ZONING.
incude state map and Document all
city map showing dimensional aspect of
location of site in the site including
relation to city as a boundaries, location
whole. and dimension of
• NEIGBORHOOD. easements and present
Presents the immediate zoning classification
surroundings of the site with all its dimensional
perhaps three to four implications (set back,
blocks beyond the site height restrictions,
boundary. parking formulas,
allowed uses, etc)
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LOCATION
May incude
state map and
city map
showing
location of site
in relation to
city as a
wholetre
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LOCATION
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LOCATION
DIAGRAM
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NEIGBORHOOD
Presents the immediate
surroundings of the site
perhaps three to four
blocks beyond the site
boundary.
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NEIGBORHOOD
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SITE AND
ZONING
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KIND OF INFORMATION
• LEGAL. • NATURAL FEATURES.
this category the legal contours, drainage
description of the patters, soil type and
property, convenants bearing capacity, trees,
and restrictions, present rocks, ridges, peaks,
ownerships, present valleys, pools and
government jurisdiction ponds.
(city or cunty) and any • MAN-MADE
feature project (such as FEATRUTES.
the fact that the site is Buidings, walls, drives,
in future city urban curb cuts, hidrant,
renewal) power poles, paving
pattern
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NATURAL
FEATURES
The majority of
information in this category
requires direct observation
of the site and recording
the data over a topographic
survey showing site
contours. Topographic
features such as high point,
ridges, valleys, sloped and
flat area. Drainage pattern
also involve direct
observation.
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KIND OF INFORMATION
• CIRCULATION, CLIMATE
present all vehicular & • Temperature variation
pedestrian movement over the months of the
patters on and around year
the site. Data includes
• Humidity
duration and peak loads
• Rainfall
for surroundings
vehicular traffic and • Prevailing wind
pedestrian movement, directions for the
bus stops, site access months of the year
adges, traffic including velocity.
generators, etc.
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CIRCULATION
Present all vehicular &
pedestrian movement patters
on and around the site. Data
includes duration and peak
loads for surroundings
vehicular traffic and
pedestrian movement, bus
stops, site access edges,
traffic generators, etc.
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TAUTAN LINGKUNGAN
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UKURAN & WILAYAH
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KEISTIMEWAAN ALAMI & BUATAN
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SIRKULASI
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PANCAINDERA
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PANCAINDERA
MANUSIA & BUDAYA
UTILITAS
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IKLIM
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SUPERIMPOSE
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SUPERIMPOSE
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DENAH KONSEP PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN
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Source: Wang 2001
Retail Center
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Source: Wang 2001 Resort (Sasaki Assoc.)
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Peter Creek: Alternative One Peter Creek: Final Plan
Source: Grindoz, Ray. [Link] 2003
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References:
• Lynch, Kevin; Gary Hack (1984). Site Planning. Cambridge:
The MIT Press
• Reid, Grant W. (2001). Grafik Lansekap. Trans. P.H. Adjie.
Jakarta: Erlangga
• Wang, Thomas C. (2001). Gambar Denah dan Potongan.
Trans. N.T. Harwadi. Jakarta: Erlangga
• Hakim, Rustam (2000). Penyajian dan Tahapan Perancangan
Arsitektur Lansekap. Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Trisakti.
Cet. Ke-2.
• White, Edward T. (1985) Analisis Tapak: Pembuatan Diagram
Informasi bagi Perancangan Arsitektur.
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