EXPLANATION TEXT
Pengertian teks eksplanasi
Menurut Macmillan Dictionary, explanation is a description of how something works or of
how to do something. Teks penjelasan adalah deskripsi tentang bagaimana sesuatu bekerja
atau bagaimana melakukan sesuatu. Sedangkan menurut [Link], explanation is a
statement about how or why something is the way it is. Penjelasan adalah pernyataan tentang
bagaimana atau mengapa sesuatu seperti itu. Jika disimpulkan, explanation text adalah jenis
teks bahasa Inggris yang berisi tentang bagaimana atau mengapa sesuatu terjadi. Umumnya
teks jenis ini menjelaskan tentang proses terjadinya sesuatu. Hal-hal yang dipaparkan dalam
teks penjelasan berupa fenomena alam maupun sosial.
Struktur umum teks eksplanasi
Struktur umum dari explanation text adalah sebagai berikut: General statement (pernyataan
umum) Bagian ini menyebutkan fenomena apa yang akan dijelaskan. Sequenced explanation
(penjelasan yang berurutan) Bagian ini menyebutkan rangkaian proses dari suatu kejadian.
Unsur kebahasaan teks eksplanasi
Beberapa ciri kebahasaan teks eksplanasi dalam bahasa Inggris adalah: Noun phrase, contoh
blue color in the sky, the roasted beans, a brief transient sound, dan lain-lain. Action verbs,
contoh produces, enters, moves, dan lain-lain. Simple present tense, karena menjelaskan
tentang fakta maka tense yang digunakan adalah present tense. Passive voice, passive voice
digunakan ketika penjelasan fokus pada proses atau tindakannya, contohnya is produced, are
fermented, is reflected, dan lain-lain.
Contoh Teks Eksplanasi
HOW RAIN IS FORMED
Rain has both good and bad effect. Rain clears the air from pollution, it can also keep the
plants green. However, too much rain can cause natural disaster such as floods and
landslides.
Do you know how rain is formed?
There are many water source such as oceans, lakes, rivers, etc. When the sun shines, the hot
temperature will make the water evaporate. This “vapor” then rises because the air (gas)
flows from the high pressure to the low pressure places. When the vapor is in the sky, it cools
and changes form as water. This condensed vapor will grow bigger into clouds. The clouds
are carried by the air. When the clouds becomes too heavy, the gravity will pull it down
slowly. The water drops fall down and it becomes rain.
TEXT ABOUT FLOOD
Flooding is a disaster which commonly happens in large and densely populated cities. In
Indonesia, the floods hit Jakarta very often and cause many victims. Then, do you know the
process of how flood happens? Pay attention to the following explanation.
The process of natural flooding is preceded by rain which falls to the surface of the earth.
Then the rain water is absorbed by the ground surface and flows to the lower place. Once that
condition happens, evaporation and the water appear to the surface of the land. Flooding can
be disastrous for humans when floods happen in an area that people live because the water
carries along objects like houses, bridges, cars, furniture and even people.
On the other hand, the process of non natural flooding is usually caused by bad habits of
humans who do not care about the environment, such as littering that can make water flow
clogged. This makes the water deposited in landfills which gradually becomes more common.
When water reservoirs can no longer hold water discharge, the water then overflows out
theland and cause flooding.